初中英语现在进行时、过去时、过去分词归纳.doc

现在分词由动词原形在词尾加ing构成，其变化规则如下：1、一般情况下直接加ingbook-booking think-thinking sleep-sleeping heat-heating talk-talking sell-selling see-seeing （看见 ，由于） fly-flying say-saying buy-buying carry-carrying try-trying study-studyingIrememberseeinghimonce. 我记得见过他一次。Ididnotlikeseeingthat. 我一点也不喜欢见到这样。Seeing that it is 10 oclock, we will wait no longer. 由于时间已到十点，我们不再等了。2、 以不发音的字母e结尾的单词，去掉字母e，再加ingcome-coming drive-driving have-having make-making leave-leaving lose-losing shake-shaking wake-wakingtake-taking use-using3、以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅，元，辅”结构的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ingstop-stopping shop-shopping drop-dropping nod-noddingrun-running cut-cutting chat-chattingget-getting set-setting beg-begging let-letting step-steppingbegin-beginning swim-swimming sit-sitting fit-fitting（适合的）常见的这类词还有：forget，regret，dig(挖) 等。Youresteppingonmytoes. 你踩在我的脚趾头上了。Dont spendtimeregrettingthe past. 不要把时间花在后悔过去上。4、 以ie结尾的动词，把ie改为y，再加ingdie-dying tie-tying（系，打结） lie-lying 说谎（vt，vi），躺（v i）过去式加 -ed 的读音 1、在清辅音后，读清辅音 / t / 。 worked / kt / helped / pt / passed / st / washed / t / watched / t / 2、 在浊辅音和元音后，读浊辅音 / d / 。 played / d / carried / id / answered / d / lived / vd / used / zd / called / ld / 3、 在 / t, d / 音后面, 读 / id / 。 wanted / tid / needed / did /过去式和过去分词：一、用法 (规则的) （1）一般情况下，动词词尾加 ed ： work-worked-worked play-played-played want-wanted-wanted heat-heated-heated book-booked-booked talk-talked-talked（2）以不发音的 e 结尾动词，动词词尾加 d： live-lived move-moved decide-decided decline-declined hope-hoped die-died tie-tied use-used（3） 以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词，把y变为i 再加ed：study-studied try-tried copy-copied cry-cried carry-carried empty-emptied （4） 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加 ed，如: stop-stopped shop-shopped drop-dropped nod-nodded chat-chatted fit-fitted regret-regretted beg-begged step-stepped wet-wetted （使变湿，尿湿） 上面的单词过去式和过去分词相同二、用法 (不规则的) （1）过去式和过去分词相同：1、原形 set-set-set let-let-let cost-cost-cost put-put-put cut-cut-cut hurt-hurt-hurt hit-hit-hit read-read-read shut-shut-shut spread-spread-spread2、say-said-said lay（下蛋、放置）-laid-laid pay-paid-paid3、sleep-slept-slept sweep-swept-swept keep-kept-kept 4、sell-sold-sold tell-told-told 特：spell-spelt/spelled-spelt/spelled smell-smelt/smelled-smelt/smelled5、buy- bought -bought bring-brought-brought think-thought-thought fight-fought-fought catch-caught-caught teach-taught-taught 6、feed -fed-fed meet-met-met7、build-built-built lend-lent-lent send-sent-sent spend-spent-spent burn-burnt /burned-burnt /burned dream-dreamt /dreamed-dreamt /dreamed learn-learnt/learned-learnt/learned mean-meant-meant hear-heard-heard 8、 stand-stood-stood understand-understood-understood misunderstand-misunderstood-misunderstood（误解，误会）9、 其他 dig-dug-dug feel-felt-felt find-found-found hang-hung-hung hold-held-held have /has - had -had lead-led-led leave-left-left lose-lost-lost light-lit-lit （点亮，照亮） make-made-made sit-sat-sat shine-shone/shined-shone/shined stick-stuck-stuck win-won-won shoot-shot-shot（射击）（2）过去式和过去分词不同： 1、drink-drank-drunk begin-began-begun ring-rang-rung run-ran-run sing-sang-sung swim-swam-swum sink-sank-sunk 2、break-broke-broken speak-spoke-spoken 3、drive-drove-driven rise-rose-risen ride-rode-ridden writewrote-written 特： hide-hid-hidden 4、draw-drew-drawn grow-grew-grown know-knew-known throw-threw-thrown 特：show-showed-shown/showed 5、come-came-come become-became-become 6、shake-shook-shaken take-took-taken 特：wake- woke-woken 7、情态动词，无过去分词形式： can-could shall-should will-would 8、其他不规则 am/is-was-been are-were-been beat-beat-beaten choose-chose-chosen do-did-done eat-ate-eaten fall-fell-fallen fly-flew-flown give-gave-given go-went-gone may-might see-saw-seen wear-wore-worn lie：意思不一样过去式和过去分词不一样，现在分词都为lying1、 说谎 （vt，vi） lie-lied-lied 2、躺，平放，位于（vi） lie-lay-lain She lied to me about her age. 她对我谎报了年龄。（vi） He lied/told a white lie to her. 他对她说了一个善意的谎言。（vt） 一般用tell a lie He is lying on the bed. 他现在正躺在床上。 （vi） The book lies/ lay (lie过去时） open on the desk. 那本书摊开放在桌子上。（vi） He has lain on the bed for two hours. 他已经在床上躺了两个小时了。（vi） 注意：还有一个单词lay： lay - laid - laid - laying vt：使躺下，放置，产卵， vi：产卵，打赌 Lay me down on a bed of roses. 让我躺在满床玫瑰花的床上。 Helaidhisbookopenonthedesk. 他把他的书打开放在桌上。 lay the table （饭前）摆好餐具 The hen laid three eggs. 母鸡下了三个蛋.（vt） The hens are not laying well. 母鸡现在不爱下蛋。（vi） 1、She _down her book and_in bed. A.lay laid B.lay lay C.laid lay D.laid laid 2、 It was the man_ on the bed with his eyes open who_the book open on the desk just now.Alain; layBlying ;laidClay; layDlying ;lied 3、Thecook_thattheeggs_onthetablewas_byhim. A.lied;laid;lay B.lied;lying;laid C.lay;laid;layingD.lay;lying;laid