小学英语四种时态语法讲解PPT.ppt

四种时态讲解小学的时态分几种？一、现在进行时（四年级下）二、一般现在时（五年级上）三、一般将来时（五年级下）四、一般过去时（五年级下）过去现在将来一般过去时一般现在时现在进行时一般将来时时间轴一、一般过去时1 1、概念：、概念：过去过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去过去习惯性、习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。经常性的动作、行为。2 2、标志词：、标志词：1）yesterday或以其构成的短语：yesterday morning(afternoon,evening)等；2)由“last+一时间名词”构成的短语：last night,last year(winter,month,week)等；3)由“时间段+ago”构成的短语：long long ago，a moment ago,a short time ago,three days ago等；4)其它：just now等一般过去时3、基本结构：be动词（注意be的人称变化，单数用was，复数用were）IwasintheclassroomyesterdaymorningHewasintheclassroomyesterdaymorningTheywereintheclassroomyesterdaymorning行为动词（动词过去式规则变化和不规则变化）Ivisitedmygrandparentsyesterday.1）动词过去式规则变化构成规则构成规则例子例子一般在动词原形末尾加-edlooklooked playplayedworkworked以不发音的e结尾的动词加-dlikeliked dancedancedlivelived以辅元辅结尾的重读闭音节，双写尾字母，再加-edplanplanned stopstoppeddropdropped结尾是“辅音字母y”的动词，改“y”为“i”再加-edstudystudied worryworriedcrycried2）动词过去式不规则变化要牢记：am,is-wasare-weredo-didsee-saw,say-saidgive-gaveget-gotgo-wentcome-camehave-had,eat-atetake-took,run-ran,sing-sangput-put,make-made,read-readwrite-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rodespeak-spokesweep-swept,buy-boughtswim-swam,sit-satbringbroughtcan-couldcut-cutbecome-becamebegin-begandraw-drewfeel-feltfind-foundforget-forgothear-heardkeep-keptknow-knewlearn-learnt（learned）leave-leftlet-letlose-lostmeet-metsleep-sleptteach-taughttell-toldwrite-wrotethink-though二、一般现在时一般现在时：一般现在时：1 1、概念、概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。2 2、标志词：、标志词：always,usually,often,sometimes,every week(day,year,month),on Sundays,etc.3 3、基本结构、基本结构：be动词(is/am/are)；行为动词(基本用原形，但主语三单动词要加s/es)e.g：I am a teacher.(现在的状态)He goes to school every day.Katie often has breakfast at 7:15.The earth moves around the sun.(科学事实或真理)一般现在时常以动词原形表示，但当主语是第三人称时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，加-s/es-s/es。动词第三人称变化规则：规则规则例子例子一般在词尾加一般在词尾加-s-sPlayPlayplays plays leaveleaveleavesleavesswimswimswimsswims以字母以字母s,x,ch,sh,os,x,ch,sh,o结尾的词加结尾的词加-es-es，读，读/iz/,/iz/,如果动词原形词尾如果动词原形词尾已有已有e,e,则只加则只加-s-s。pass pass passes passes watchwatchwatcheswatchesteachteachteaches teaches washwashwasheswashesdododoesdoes以辅音字母加以辅音字母加y y结尾的词结尾的词，先变，先变y y为为i,i,再加再加-es,-es,读读/z/z/studystudystudies studies carrycarrycarriescarriesflyflyfliesflies三、现在进行时现在进行时1、概念：现在（说话的瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作，强调“此时此刻”。2、标志词：look看；listen听；now现在；3、基本结构：be+动词ing（也叫现在分词）（主语不同，be的形式也不同）Look！Itisrainingoutside.Listen!SheissinginganEnglishsong.Wearereadingstorybooksnow.现在分词的变法规律：1、一般在动词词尾加上-ing,E.g.jump-jumping2、以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去e，再加-ing.have-having/write-writing/dance-dancing/take-taking/make-making/come-coming3、重读闭音节结尾的词，双写尾字母，再加上-ing.sitsitting/put-putting/swim-swimming/run-running/skip-skipping/hop-hopping四、一般将来时一般将来时1、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。2、标志词：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year),soon,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等。3、基本结构：1）begoingto+动词原形；（be有人称变化）2）will+动词原形.3）shall动词原形（第一人称）Imgoingtohaveapicnicthisweekend.TomorrowwillbeMid-AutumnFestival.Wewilleatmooncakes.口头小结一下：一般过去时一般现在时现在进行时一般将来时概念标志词基本结构课后思考与讨论1、四种时态的肯定句如何转化为否定句？2、四种时态的肯定句如何转化为一般疑问句？3、四种时态的肯定句如何转化为特殊疑问句？