vmware虚拟机配置本地源仓库.docx

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一配置本地 YUM 源 --1.1 实验环境 RHEL6：虚拟机 --1.2 挂载光驱 [root@redhat6 yum.repos.d]# mount -o loop /root/Desktop/rhel-server-6.2-x86_64-dvd.iso.iso /mnt 备注：将光盘 ISO 文件挂载到目录 /mnt --1.3 创建本地目录，用来 copy 光盘包 [root@redhat6 local_repo]# mkdir -p /opt/rpm/local_repo --1.4 copy RPM 包到指定目录 [root@redhat6 log]# cd /mnt/Packages/ [root@redhat6 Packages]# cp * /opt/rpm/local_repo --1.5 安装包 --1.5.1根据提示，安装需要的包 [root@redhat6 local_repo]# rpm -ivh deltarpm-3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6.i686.rpm warning: deltarpm-3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:deltarpm ########################################### [100%] [root@redhat6 local_repo]# [root@redhat6 local_repo]# [root@redhat6 local_repo]# rpm -ivh python-deltarpm-3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6.i686.rpm warning: python-deltarpm-3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:python-deltarpm ########################################### [100%] [root@redhat6 local_repo]# rpm -ivh createrepo-0.9.8-4.el6.noarch.rpm warning: createrepo-0.9.8-4.el6.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:createrepo ########################################### [100%] 备注：createrepo 包安装成功 --1.6 创建 repo 数据库 [root@redhat6 local_repo]# createrepo -d /opt/rpm/local_repo 1944/2804 - MAKEDEV-3.24-6.el6.i686.rpm iso-8859-1 encoding on Ville Skytt?ville.skytta@iki.fi> - 2.8.2-2 2804/2804 - perl-Archive-Extract-0.38-119.el6_1.1.i686.rpm Saving Primary metadata Saving file lists metadata Saving other metadata Generating sqlite DBs Sqlite DBs complete 备注：这个步骤需要点时间。 --1.7 编写 /etc/yum.repos.d/local_repo.repo 文件文件 /etc/yum.repos.d/local_repo.repo 内容如下。 [rhel-source] name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux Local repo ##仓库描述 baseurl=file:///opt/rpm/local_repo ##软件仓库位置 enabled=1 ##是否启用 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release ##签名秘钥二 yum 源测试 --2.1 查找 ruby 相关包 [root@redhat6 yum.repos.d]# yum search ruby Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, security, subscription-manager Updating certificate-based repositories. Repository rhel-source is listed more than once in the configuration rhel-source | 2.7 kB 00:00 ... rhel-source/primary_db | 2.5 MB 00:00 ... ======================================================== N/S Matched: ruby ========================================================= ruby-irb.i686 : The Interactive Rubyy ruby-libs.i686 : Libraries necessary to run Ruby ruby-qpid.i686 : Ruby language client for AMQP ruby-qpid-qmf.i686 : The QPID Management Framework bindings for ruby ruby.i686 : An interpreter of object-oriented scripting language saslwrapper.i686 : Ruby and Python wrappers for the cyrus sasl library. Name and summary matches only, use "search all" for everything. --2.2 安装包 ruby.i68 [root@redhat6 yum.repos.d]# yum install ruby.i686 Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, security, subscription-manager Updating certificate-based repositories. Repository rhel-source is listed more than once in the configuration Setting up Install Process Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package ruby.i686 0:1.8.7.352-3.el6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: ruby-libs = 1.8.7.352-3.el6 for package: ruby-1.8.7.352-3.el6.i686 --> Processing Dependency: libruby.so.1.8 for package: ruby-1.8.7.352-3.el6.i686 --> Running transaction check ---> Package ruby-libs.i686 0:1.8.7.352-3.el6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: libreadline.so.5 for package: ruby-libs-1.8.7.352-3.el6.i686 --> Running transaction check ---> Package compat-readline5.i686 0:5.2-17.1.el6 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ==================================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size ==================================================================================================================================== Installing: ruby i686 1.8.7.352-3.el6 rhel-source 532 k Installing for dependencies: compat-readline5 i686 5.2-17.1.el6 rhel-source 127 k ruby-libs i686 1.8.7.352-3.el6 rhel-source 1.6 M Transaction Summary ==================================================================================================================================== Install 3 Package(s) Total download size: 2.3 M Installed size: 7.7 M Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Total 16 MB/s | 2.3 MB 00:00 warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release Importing GPG key 0xFD431D51: Userid : Red Hat, Inc. (release key 2) <security@> Package: redhat-release-server-6Server-6.2.0.3.el6.i686 (@anaconda-RedHatEnterpriseLinux-201111171035.i386/6.2) From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release Is this ok [y/N]: y Importing GPG key 0x2FA658E0: Userid : Red Hat, Inc. (auxiliary key) <security@> Package: redhat-release-server-6Server-6.2.0.3.el6.i686 (@anaconda-RedHatEnterpriseLinux-201111171035.i386/6.2) From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release Is this ok [y/N]: y Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum. Installing : compat-readline5-5.2-17.1.el6.i686 1/3 Installing : ruby-libs-1.8.7.352-3.el6.i686 2/3 Installing : ruby-1.8.7.352-3.el6.i686 3/3 Installed products updated. Installed: ruby.i686 0:1.8.7.352-3.el6 Dependency Installed: compat-readline5.i686 0:5.2-17.1.el6 ruby-libs.i686 0:1.8.7.352-3.el6 Complete! 备注：本地 yum 源配置成功。 --2.3 列出已安装的包 [root@redhat6 yum.repos.d]# yum list | grep rubyin Repository rhel-source is listed more than once in the configuration ruby.i686 1.8.7.352-3.el6 @rhel-source ruby-libs.i686 1.8.7.352-3.el6 @rhel-source ruby-irb.i686 1.8.7.352-3.el6 rhel-source ruby-qpid.i686 0.7.946106-2.el6 rhel-source ruby-qpid-qmf.i686 0.12-6.el6 rhel-source --2.4 查看包信息 [root@redhat6 yum.repos.d]# yum info ruby.i686 Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, security, subscription-manager Updating certificate-based repositories. Repository rhel-source is listed more than once in the configuration Installed Packages Name : ruby Arch : i686 Version : 1.8.7.352 Release : 3.el6 Size : 1.8 M Repo : installed From repo : rhel-source Summary : An interpreter of object-oriented scripting language URL : http://www.ruby-lang.org/ License : Ruby or GPLv2 Description : Ruby is the interpreted scripting language for quick and easy : object-oriented programming. It has many features to process text : files and to do system management tasks (as in Perl). It is simple, : straight-forward, and extensible. --2.5 删除 yum 缓存数据 [root@redhat6 yum.repos.d]# yum clean all Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, security, subscription-manager Updating certificate-based repositories. Repository rhel-source is listed more than once in the configuration Cleaning repos: rhel-source Cleaning up Everything --2.6清除YUM缓存 yum 会把下载的软件包和header存储在cache中，而不会自动删除。如果我们觉得它们占用了磁盘空间，可以使用yum clean指令进行清除，更精确的用法是yum clean headers清除header，yum clean packages清除下载的rpm包，yum clean all一股脑儿端 1.清除缓存目录(/var/cache/yum)下的软件包命令：yum clean packages 2.清除缓存目录(/var/cache/yum)下的 headers 命令：yum clean headers 3.清除缓存目录(/var/cache/yum)下旧的 headers 命令：yum clean oldheaders 4.清除缓存目录(/var/cache/yum)下的软件包及旧的headers 命令：yum clean, yum clean all (= yum clean packages; yum clean oldheaders)

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