汽车车灯配光技术培训教材.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Photometry&Lighting Technology,Main content,Photometry basic notions,Photometric regulations,Photometric,solutions,Light sources,Lighting technologies,Autolamp appearance,Photometry Basic Notions,Photometry notions,Solid Angle,立体角,?,Luminous Flux,光通量,?,Illuminance,照度,?,Luminous intensity,发光强度,?,Photometry notions,Solid angle,立体角 球面上某块面积对球心形成的角称为立体角。立体角的单位为,Sr,。,整个圆球面对应的立体角为,4,。,Photometry notions,Luminous flux,光通量,光源在单位时间内向周围空间辐射并引起视觉的能量，称为光通量,.,单位,lm,Photometry notions,Illuminance,照度,是用来表示被照面,(,点,),上光的强弱。投射到被照面上的光通量与被照面的面积之比称为该面的照度，单位,lx,。,Photometry notions,Luminous intensity,光源在空间某一特定方向上单位立体角内辐射的光通量，称为光源在该方向上的发光强度，单位,cd.,To remind,Photometry notions,Solid angle(sr)=Portion of surface limited by a cone.,表面对球心的张角。,Luminous flux(lm)=Total amount of light emitted by a light source.,发光体发出的光线数量。,Illuminance(lx)=Amount of light received by a given surface.,被照面接受光通量的密度，用来鉴定被照面的照明。,Luminous intensity(cd)=Amount of light coming out of the bulb in a given direction.,发光体在某个方向上发出的光通量密度，表明了光通量的空间分布。,Photometric,Regulations,R,EGULATIONS,GB 11564,GB 4599,GB 4785,GB 5920,GB 17509,GB 15235,GB 7258,GB 11554,GB 4660,GB 15766,前位灯后位灯示廓灯和制动灯配光性能,前雾灯配光性能,外部照明和信号装置的安装规定,前照灯配光性能,转向信号灯配光性能,倒车灯配光性能,机动车回复反射器,后雾灯配光性能,中华人民共和国国家标准,机动车运行安全技术条件,道路机动车辆灯泡尺寸、光电性能要求,R,EGULATIONS,GB 11564,GB 4599,GB 4785,GB 5920,GB 17509,GB 15235,GB 7258,GB 11554,GB 4660,GB 15766,前位灯后位灯示廓灯和制动灯配光性能,前雾灯配光性能,外部照明和信号装置的安装规定,前照灯配光性能,转向信号灯配光性能,倒车灯配光性能,机动车回复反射器,后雾灯配光性能,中华人民共和国国家标准,机动车运行安全技术条件,道路机动车辆灯泡尺寸、光电性能要求,R,EGULATIONS,R37,R98,R48,R19,R7,R112,R99,R6,Fog lamp beam,HID bulbs,Setup on the car,HID bulbs for low and high beams,PO(AV/AR),STOP,Halogen low and high beams,Filament bulbs,ID(AV/AR/SIDE),ECE Regulations,R,EGULATIONS,R37,R98,R48,R19,R7,R112,R99,R6,Fog lamp beam,HID bulbs,Setup on the car,HID bulbs for low and high beams,PO(AV/AR),STOP,Halogen low and high beams,Non sealed bulbs,ID(AV/AR/SIDE),ECE Regulations,R112-Low beam,Aiming,照准,:,The cut-off allows the low beam correct aiming.,It should not overpass either the broken line HV-H1-H4,or the HV-H3 line,For a RH driving beam,the horizontal cutoff should be placed to the left side of HV and 1%downwards(+/-1 horizontal discrepancy is allowed),Measurement conditions:,Measurements must be carried out with a standard bulb,The current must be established in order to assure the bulb nominal flux,according to regulation(cf.R37),B50L,1%,-6%,0,57,-3,42,75R,-1%,2%,-0,57,1,14,75L,-1%,-6%,-0,57,-3.42,50R,-1,5%,3%,-0,86,1,71,50L,-1,5%,-6%,-0,86,-3,42,50V,-1,5%,0%,-0,86,0,25L,-3%,-15,8%,-1,71,-9,25R,-3%,15,8%,-1,71,9,HV,0%,0%,0,0,ZIIIR,ZIIIL,Z4,Z1,P1,7%,-14%,4,-8,P2,7%,0%,4,0,P3,7%,14%,4,8,P4,P5,P6,P7,P8,V(%),2,H(%),-4,3,5%,3,5%,3,5%,0%,0%,-7%,0%,7%,-14%,-7%,2,2,0,0,V(),H(),0,4,-8,-4,Emin,Emax,0,4Lx,20 Lx,0,7Lx,2Lx,0,7Lx,0,7Lx,0,7Lx,0,7Lx,0,7Lx,0,7Lx,0,7Lx,0,7Lx,0,7Lx,0,7Lx,0,7Lx,1,5Lx,1,5Lx,6Lx,15Lx,12Lx,6 Lx,6 Lx,Emin,Emax,CLASS A,CLASSB,3 Lx,0,3Lx,0,7Lx,0,7Lx,0,1Lx,0,2Lx,0,6Lx,0,4Lx,12Lx,12Lx,2Lx,2Lx,0,7Lx,0,7Lx,2*50R,0,7Lx,0,7Lx,0,7Lx,0,7Lx,0,7Lx,0,7Lx,0,3Lx,0,6Lx,Zone 3 3 LX,Zone 1 2*50R OU 2*50L,ZIIIR Zone between H=0%,V=0%et H=15,8%,V=4,2%,ZIIIL:Zone between H=-15,8%,V=0%et H=0%,V=0%,25R,V(%),B 50L,75R,25L,P7,P1,P2,P3,P4,P5,P6,H2,H1,HV,H3,H4,H(%),H(%),45,15,75L,50R,50L,50V,P8,V(%),12lx,15lx,cut-off,-,Zone 3 3 LX,Zone 1 12 lx,50R:,Point located at 50m on the right side on the level of the ground.12 lx,B50L:,Point located at 50m on the trajectory of the eye of the driver coming from opposite direction.2 lx,HC:,In LB,it is a point of dazzling(E0.7 Lx)located in the axis of the lamp.0.8Emax,Physical significance of the principal points,HV,2L,1L,2R,1R,Photometric requirements:,2L,2R,1L,1R,HR,V(%),H(%),0%,0%,0%,4,5%,0%,-4,5%,0%,9%,0%,-9%,Min,MAX,32 Lx,16*75R,240Lx,16 Lx,16 Lx,4 Lx,4 Lx,Min,MAX,CLASS A,CLASS B,16*75R,240Lx,16*75R,240Lx,16*75R,240Lx,16*75R,240Lx,48 Lx,24 Lx,24 Lx,6 Lx,6 Lx,16*75R,240Lx,16*75R,240Lx,16*75R,240Lx,16*75R,240Lx,16*75R,240Lx,16*75R,240Lx,EMAX,0,8*,EMAX,0,8*,EMAX,16*75R,240Lx,Aiming,For a mixed headlamp,the high beam will be aimed as it follows the low beam aiming,If the high beam alone should be aimed,the maximum high beam illuminance should be placed at the HV point.,If the high beam is composed by many sources,all of them must be turned on simultaneously for the determination of the high beam maximum illumination point.,R112-High beam,75R,50R,25R1,25R2,15R,P3,P6,P2,P5,B,C,D,F,H4,H2,H3,H(%),V(%),B50L,50 L 20 lx,25L1,25L2,25L3,15L,P1,P4,P8,P7,HV,A,H(%),E,50V,75L,50L,V(%),Inside this zone E1 Lux,R98 HID Low Beam,R98 HID High Beam,Aiming:,For a mixed headlamp,the high beam will be aimed as it follows the low beam aiming,If the high beam alone should be aimed,the maximum high beam illuminance should be placed at the HV point.,Many differences may compose the high beam,provided that they are mentioned in the R37 and/or R99 regulations.,In that case,all the sources should be turned on when determining the high beam maximum illuminance point(HR),HV,2L,1L,2R,1R,Photometric requirements:,2L,2R,1L,1R,HR,V(%),H(%),0%,0%,0%,4,5%,0%,-4,5%,0%,9%,0%,-9%,Min,MAX,70Lx,180Lx,40 Lx,40 Lx,10 Lx,10 Lx,180Lx,EMAX,0,8*,EMAX,180Lx,180Lx,180Lx,180Lx,R19 Front Fog lamp,V(%),P1,HV,V(%),H(%),10%,50%,P10,P12,P11,P6,P4,P3,P7,P2,P9,P8,P5,P13,P18,P17,P14,P15,P16,P19,P20,P21,H(%),Zone A:0,15 E 1 LX,Zone B:E 1 LX,Zone C:E 0,5 LX,Zone D:Emin=1,5LX,Zone E:Emin=0,5LX,For every vertical line of zones E et D at least one point should present an illuminance value above Emin.,Regulation by zones(official),Regulation by points(non official),P1,0%,-50%,0,-26,5,P2,6%,-50%,3,44,-26,5,P3,3%,-9%,1,72,-5,15,P4,0%,-9%,0,-5,15,P5,0%,0%,0,0,P6,3%,0%,1,72,0,P7,6%,0%,3,44,0,P8,6%,50%,3,44,26,5,P9,0%,50%,0,26,5,P10,0%,9%,0,5,15,P11,3%,9%,-1,72,5,15,P12,-3%,-40%,-1,72,-21,8,P13,-6%,-40%,-3,44,-21,8,P14,-6%,-18%,-3,44,-10,2,P15,-3%,-18%,-1,72,-10,2,P16,-3%,0%,-1,72,0,P17,P18,P19,P20,P21,V(%),-3,44,H(%),0,-6%,-6%,-3%,-3%,-6%,0%,18%,18%,40%,40%,-3,44,-1,72,-1,72,-3,44,V(),H(),10,2,10,2,21,8,21,8,Emin,Emax,1Lx,0,5Lx,1Lx,0,5Lx,1,5Lx,1,5Lx,1,5Lx,1,5Lx,1,5Lx,1,5Lx,0,5Lx,0,5Lx,0,15Lx,1Lx,1Lx,0,5Lx,0,5Lx,1Lx,1Lx,1Lx,1Lx,0,5Lx,0,15Lx,0,15Lx,Measurement conditions:,Measurement must be performed with a standard bulb.,Input tension should be tuned in order to assure that the output nominal flux corresponds to the one specified to the bulb(cf.R37),The photometric grid for signaling,配光分布,Europe,US,Japan,STOPH+/-20,H+/-20,H+/-20,TURN H+/-20,H+/-20,H+/-20,FOGH+/-10,H+/-10,H+/-10,REVERSEH+/-45,H+/-45,H+/-45,HMSLH+/-10,H+/-10,H+/-10,TAILH+/-20 H+/-20,H+/-20,The color for signaling,TAILRedRedRed,EuropeUSJapan,STOPRedRedRed,TURN AmberAmber/RedAmber,FOGRedRedRed,REVERSEWhite,White,White,HMSLRedRedRed,Tail Lamp,Photometry,80 ext.,20,10,5,0,5,10,20,45 int.,15 haut,0.05,0.05,0.05,10,0.8,0.8,5,0.4,0.8,2.8,0.8,0.4,0,0.05,1.4,3.6,4,3.6,1.4,0.05,5,0.4,0.8,2.8,0.8,0.4,10,0.8,0.8,15 bas,0.05,0.05,0.05,Feu simple/,Single lamp,I maxi,12cd,Ensemble de plusieurs feux/,Assembly of several lamps,I maxi,17cd,Feu marqu D(aile+coffre)/Lamps marked D(fender+outer)I maxi ,8,5 cd,Stop Lamp,Photometry,45 ext.,20,10,5,0,5,10,20,45 int.,15 haut,0.3,0.3,0.3,10,12,12,5,6,12,42,12,6,0,0.3,21,54,60,54,21,0.3,5,6,12,42,12,6,10,12,12,15 bas,0.3,0.3,0.3,Feu simple/,Single lamp,I maxi,185cd,Ensemble de plusieurs feux/,Assembly of several lamps,I maxi,260cd,Feu marqu D(1 aile+1 coffre)/Lamps marked D(fender+outer)I maxi ,130 cd,Fog Lamp,Photometry,10 ext.,5,0,5,10 int.,5 haut,150,75,75,0,150,150,150,75,75,5 bas,150,I maxi,300cd,45 ext.,30,10,0,10,30,45 int.,10 haut,10,15,10,5,15,20,25,20,15,0,15,25,50,80,50,25,15,5 bas,15,25,50,80,50,25,15,Reverse,Photometry,Horizontal et plus haut/,Horizontal and upper,I maxi,300cd,Entre 0 et-5/,Between 0 and-5,I maxi,600cd,En dessous de 5/Behind 5 I maxi ,8000 cd,Turn indicator,Photometry,80 ext.,20,10,5,0,5,10,20,45 int.,15 haut,0.3,0.3,0.3,10,10,10,5,5,10,35,10,5,0,0.3,17.5,45,50,45,17.5,0.3,5,5,10,35,10,5,10,10,10,15 bas,0.3,0.3,0.3,I maxi,350cd,GB7258 Amendment 1,关于,GB 7258-2004,机动车运行安全技术条件,国家标准第,1,号修改通知单,经国家标准化管理委员会批准已正式发布,于,2006,年,11,月,1,日起实施。,修改内容如下,:,一、删除第,8.4.3,条,(,前照灯的远、近光灯上下并列设置时,近光灯应位于上侧,其它情况下近光灯应位于外侧,),的内容。,二、第,8.4.7.3,条中的,“,在检验前照灯远光光束及远光单光束灯照射位置时,”,改为,:,“,在检验前照灯远光照射位置时,对于能单独调整远光光束的前照灯,”,。,GB4599 Update,本标准代替,GB 4599-94,汽车前照灯配光性能,，与前者相比主要变化如下：,增加了,HS1,、,HB3,、,HB4,、,H7,、,H8,、,H9,、,H11,、,HIR1,和,HIR2,类型灯泡；,半封闭式前照灯应使用符合,GB 15766.1,或,ECE R37,规定的灯丝灯泡,对于半封闭式前照灯，近光暗区增加了八个测试点；,增加弯道照明的内容,增加了反射镜可调节的半封闭式前照灯配光性能试验方法；,增加了附录,A,“,前照灯的配光性能稳定性试验,”,；,增加了附录,B,“,塑料配光镜前照灯的要求,配光镜或材料试样和整灯试验,”,；,增加了附录,C,“,试验程序,”,；,增加了附录,D,“,漫射光和透射光的测量方法,”,；,增加了附录,E,“,机械磨损试验方法,”,；,增加了附录,F,“,粘胶带附着力试验,”,；,Lighting,Function,Lighting technologies-Parabola,THE PARABOLIC REFLECTOR,HIGH BEAM,LOW BEAM,Light shield bulb+parabolic reflector+glass with flutes,The cutoff is provided by,the light shield,H4 bulb,The horizontal spread is,made by the glass flutes,Energy loss!,Heavy and complex glasses!,Lighting technologies-Parabola,THE COMPLEX SHAPE REFLECTOR,Lighting technologies-SC,Lighting technologies-SC,PEUGEOT 607,OPEL VECTRA,GOLF A4,NISSAN ALMERA,Cutoff made by,the shield,Lighting technologies-Elliptical,THE DEFECTS,TWISTING ON COMPLEX SURFACE,扭曲,DEFECT,REFLECTOR,ASSEMBLED,HEADLAMP,THE DEFECTS,REFERENCE RIB HEIGHT,DEFECT,REFLECTOR,ASSEMBLED,HEADLAMP,THE DEFECTS,LATCHING POSITION,DEFECT,REFLECTOR,ASSEMBLED,HEADLAMP,DEFECT,REFLECTOR,ASSEMBLED,HEADLAMP,THE DEFECTS,BULB TOPPLING,DEFECT,REFLECTOR,ASSEMBLED,HEADLAMP,THE DEFECTS,SHRINK MARK,收缩痕,DEFECT,REFLECTOR,ASSEMBLED,HEADLAMP,THE DEFECTS,BLISTER,气泡,DEFECT,REFLECTOR,ASSEMBLED,HEADLAMP,Signaling Functions,Signaling technologies-,Fish eyes aspect,Signaling technologies-,Fish eyes aspect,Signaling technologies-,Depth aspect,Signaling technologies-,Depth aspect,Signaling technologies-,Clear lens aspect,Signaling technologies-,Clear lens aspect,Signaling technologies-,Dioptric aspect,Signaling technologies-,Dioptric aspect,Light sources,The different light sources,Bulb Tungsten Filament,High Intensity Discharge(HID)bulb,or“Xenon”,Different light sources:,LED,The different light sources-,Halogen,Halogen cycle,Bulbs for signal lamps in ECE R37,TYPES,Socket,Flux(Lm),TYPES,Socket,Flux(Lm),P21W,BA15s,460,PY21W,BAU15s,280,P21/5W,BA15d,440/35,R5W,BA15s,50,R10W,BA15s,125,C5W,Navette,45,W5W,W2,5 x 9,5d,50,WY5W,W2,5 x 9,5d,30,W16W,W2,1 x 9,5d,310,W2,3W,W2 x 4,6 d,18,6,P27W,W2,5 x 16d,475,P27/7W,W2,5 x 16q,475/36,PY27W,WX2,5 x16q,280/21,W21W,W3 x 16d,460,WY21W,W3 x 16d,280,W21/5W,W3 x 16q,460/35,WP21W,W2,5 x 16d,460,WPY21W,WZ2,5 x 16d,280,RY10W,BAU 15s,75,P19W,350,P24W,500,PR21W,110,PR21/5W,105/8,RR10W,30,RR5W,12,Bulbs for headlamps in ECE R37,TYPES,SocketT,FLUX(Lm),TYPES,Socket,FLUX(Lm),H1,P14.5 s,1150,H4,P43 t,1250/750,HB3,P20 d,1300,HB4,P22 d,825,H7,PX26 d,1100,H8,PGJ19-1,600,H9,PGJ19-5,1500,H10,PY20d,600,H11,PGJ19-2,1000,H12,PZ20d,775,H13,PJ264t,800/1200,H14,P38t-33,860/1300,The different switching on phases,Flux variation,2.6 A,The different light sources-,HID,High Intensity Discharge,Cycle,The different light sources-,HID,Comparative chart,The different light sources-,HID,High Intensity Discharge,Main automotive LEDs,1 What are Light Emitting Diode-Remind,LUMILEDs,Super Flux 15 lm,Power TopLEDs,Advanced,Power TopLEDs,Dragon LEDs,Flux,Red color,OSRAM,Secondary automotive LEDs,1 What are Light Emitting Diode-Remind,Chip on Board(Sanyo)2 lm,Multi LEDs,Side LEDs,Smart LEDs,Flux,OSRAM,Light Technology,LIGHTING SYSTEMS,Lighting P2 projects,Xenon Range,AFS,Vertical Complex Shape,Compact product,Low beam position,Characteristics,Compatible EUR/USA/JAPAN,Movement of the shield,Elliptic Reflector,Safety Position by actuator spring return,In production today,BI-XENON PROJECTOR,High beam position,High beam position,Low-Cost&Small Size Unit,Shade Moving Type,BI-XENON REFLECTOR,Reflector Moving Type,High Photometric Performance,DBL BENDING LIGHT,D,ynamic rotative,BL,Characteristics,Dynamic rotative:adaptable for projector or reflector,Rotation(up to 20)driven by steering wheel angle sensor,Targets:,Increase light on the curves when turning,End of validation:,July 2002,Regulations:,forecasted 2005,full AFS,Derogation Request:under study,scheduled end 2003,Sensor,Steering wheel Speed Lane departure warning,Main rotative BL up to 20,SBL BENDING LIGHT,Swiveling a,S,eparated reflector,BL,Targets:,Improvement of visibility on the corner at the medium&lower speed&at intersections,End of validation,2002,Compatible US/EU/JAPAN,Characteristics:,Variable light distribution by movable sub-reflector,(30 max.to forward direction),Variable light distribution at intersections,(Spread beam pattern over the left and right),Small size adjustable for minor change,LIGHTING SYSTEMS,Signaling P2 projects,LED rear lamp,Dioptric rear lamp,3D rear lamp,Linear rear lamp,INNOVATION FOR REAR LAMPS,LED REAR LAMP,VISIBLE LEDS,REFLECTOR,POLKA-DOT,DIOPTRIC,HOMOGENEOUS STYLE,FRESNEL,4 OPTICAL SYSTEMS,STYLING,TECHNOLOGY,LIGHT GUIDE,GUIDE,REFLECTOR,SUPER THIN,GUIDE,LIGHT GUIDE,REFLECTOR,GUIDE,&,VISIBLE LEDS,REFLECTOR,FRUIT,INNOVATION FOR REAR LAMPS,LED REAR LAMP,STYLING,TECHNOLOGY,4 OPTICAL SYSTEMS,Mono-LED Rear,Combination Lamp,All functions in LED,One LED per function achieved with new high power LEDs,Reduced lamp depth for easy vehicle integration,Lower power consumption and materials,No need to change LED source for car life,Lamp Appearance,DESIGN PROPOSALS,Vertical technology,Compact technology,Dynamic Bending Light,LED technology,DESIGN PROPOSALS,Complex Shape,LED technology,3D technology,DESIGN PROPOSALS,Thank you,