常见英语前缀大全(英文版).doc

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List of Common English prefixes
Native
Prefix
Meaning
Example
a-
verb > predicative adjective with progressive aspect
afloat, atremble
anti-
against
anti-war, antivirus, anti-human
arch-
supreme, highest, worst
arch-rival, archangel
be-
equipped with, covered with, beset with (pejorative or facetious)
bedeviled, becalm, bedazzle, bewitch
co-
joint, with, accompanying
co-worker, coordinator, cooperation
counter-
against, in opposition to
counteract, counterpart
de-
reverse action, get rid of
de-emphasise
dis-
not, opposite of
disloyal, disagree
dis-
reverse action, get rid of
disconnect, disinformation
en-/em-
to make into, to put into, to get into
enmesh, empower
ex-
former
ex-husband, ex-boss, ex-colleague
fore-
before, in front
forearm, foregut, forehand, forerunner
hind-
after
hindgut
mal-
bad(ly)
malnourish
mid-
middle
midgut, midlife
midi-
medium-sized
midi-length
mini-
small
minimarket, mini-room
mis-
wrong, astray
misinformation, misguide
out-
better, faster, longer, beyond
outreach, outcome
over-
too much
overreact, overact
post-
after
post-election, post-graduation
pre-
before
pre-election, pre-enter
pro-
for, on the side of
pro-life
re-
again, back
redo, revisit, rerun
self-
self
self-sufficient
step-
family relation by remarriage
stepbrother
trans-
across, from one place to another
transatlantic
twi-
two
twibill, twilight
un-
not, opposite of
unnecessary, unequal
un-
reverse action, deprive of, release from
undo, untie
under-
below, beneath, lower in grade/dignity, lesser, insufficient
underachieve, underground, underpass
up-
greater, higher, or better
upgrade, uplift
with-
against
withstand
Neo-classical
Prefix
Meaning
Examples
Afro-
relating to Africa
Afro-American
ambi-
both
ambidextrous, ambitendency
amphi-
two, both, on both sides
amphiaster, amphitheater, amphibian
an-/a-
not, without
anemic, asymmetric
ana-/an-
up, against
anacardiaceous, anode
Anglo-
relating to England
Anglo-Norman
ante-
before
antenatal
anti-
opposite, against
antivenom
apo-
away, different from
apomorphine
astro-
star
astrobiology
auto-
self
autobiography, automatic
bi-
two
bicycle
bio-
biological
biodegrade
circum-
around
circumnavigate
cis-
on this side of
cislunar
con-/com-/col-/cor-/co-
together or with
confederation, commingle, colleague, correlation, cohabit
contra-
opposite
contradict, contraindication
cryo-
ice
cryogenics
crypto-
hidden, secret
cryptography
de-
down
depress
demi-
half
demigod
demo-
people
democracy, demography
deutero-, deuter-
second
deuteragonist, deuterogamy
di-
two
dicotyledon, digamy, dioxide
dia-
through
dialysis, diameter
dis-/di-/dif-
apart
differ, dissect, divide
du-/duo-
two
duet
eco-
ecological
ecosystem
electro-
electric, electricity
electro-analysis
en-, el-, em-
in
ellipsis, emphasis, energetic
epi-
upon, at, close upon, in addition
epicenter, epidermis
Euro-
European
Eurocentric
ex-
out of
exit, export
extra-
outside
extracurricular
fin-
kinship
affinity
Franco-
French, France
Francophile
geo-
relating to the earth or its surface
geography
gyro-
spinning on an axis
gyrosphere, gyrocopter
hetero-
different
heterosexual
hemi-
half
hemimorphic
homo-
same
homogenous, homologous
hydro-
relating to water, or using water
hydroelectricity
hyper-
above, over
hyperthermia
hypo-
under or below something, low
hypothermia
ideo-
image, idea
ideograph
idio-
individual, personal, unique
idiolect, idiopathic
in-
in, into
insert
Indo-
relating to the Indian subcontinent
Indo-European
in-, il-, im-, ir-
not, opposite of
illicit, impossible, inexact, irregular
infra-
below, beneath
infrared
inter-
among, between
interact, intercede, interstate
intra-
inside, within
intravenous
iso-
equal
isochromatic, isotherm
macr(o)-
long
macrobiotic
maxi-
very long, very large
maxi-skirt
mega-/megalo-
great, large
megastar, megalopolis
meta-
after, along with, beyond, among, behind
metabolism, meta-theory
micro-
small
microbacillus
mono, mon-
sole, only
monogamy
multi-, mult-
many
multangular, multi-storey
neo-
new
neolithic
non-
not
nonexistent
omni-
all
omnipotent, omnipresent
ortho-
correcting or straightening
orthodontics, orthotropic
paleo-
old
paleolithic
pan-
all, worldwide
pan-African, pandemic
para-
beside, beyond
parallel
ped-
foot
pedestrian
per-
through, completely, wrongly, exceedingly
permeate, permute
peri-
around
periphrase
photo-
light
photoelectric, photography
pod-
foot
podiatrist
poly-
many
polygon, polyhedron
post-
after
postfix, postpone
pre-
before
predict, prepare
preter-
beyond, past, more than
preternatural
pro-
substitute, deputy
proconsul
pro-
before
procambium
pros-
toward
prosthesis
proto-
first, original
protoplasm, prototype
pseudo-
false, imitation
pseudonym
pyro-
fire
pyrokinetic
quasi-
partly, almost, appearing to be but not really
quasi-religious
retro-
backwards
retrograde
semi-
half
semicircle
socio-
society, social, sociological
sociopath
sub-, sup-
below, under
support
super-
above, over
supervisor
supra-
above, over
suprarenal
sur-
above, over
surreal, surrender
syn-/sy-/syl-/sym-
together, with
synthesis, symbol, syllable, system
tele-
at a distance
telegraph, television
trans-
across
transverse
tri-
three
tricycle
ultra-
beyond
ultraviolet, ultramagnetic
uni-
one
unicycle
vice-
deputy
vice-president, vice-principal