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新闻英语的标题简短小词.doc

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新闻英语的标题简短小词 英语新闻标题总是力求用有限的字数来表达新闻的内容,为此,在措词上尤其要狠下功夫,选词尽可能经济达意、简短明了,偏爱选用那些短小精悍或字母最少的动词。这是因为短小易懂、形象生动的措词不仅能增强新闻的简洁性和可读性,而且还能节省版面篇幅。如表示“破坏”或“损坏”一词意义的动词,标题一般不用damage,而用一些较之简短的词,如hit,harm,hurt, ruin或wreck等。又如表示“放弃”这一概念的动词,标题一般不用 abandon,而用drop, give up,quit,skip或yield 等;表示“爆炸”之类的动词意义时,一般不用 explode,而用blast,crash, ram或smash等词。简而言之,英语新闻标题大都喜欢选用字形短小、音节不多而意义又比较广泛的词。 一些常见诸报端的标题小词: aid =assist (帮助;援助) alter =change, modify, vary, amend修正/改进 ask =inquire, request, solicit 恳求, invite assail=denounce 谴责, attack axe =dismiss, reduce解雇/减少 back =support balk =impede 阻碍 ban =prohibit , forbid, veto否决/禁止, outlaw禁止, 宣布为非法 bar =prevent, prohibit, restrain(防止;阻止) bare =expose, reveal, disclose, display (暴露;揭露) blast =explode (爆炸) begin=commence (开始) bid =attempt, try(努力) bilk =cheat (欺骗) bolt闩=desert, abandon (放弃) boost=increase, improve, enhance, advance(增加;提高) check=examine, inspect, assess(检查) claim= cause the death of…夺去…的生命 clash=fight, conflict, quarrel, collide, disagree strongly (发生分歧;争议) curb抑制=control, restrict, limit (控制) dip下降=drop, descend, decline, decrease ease =relieve, alleviate, reduce, lessen 减轻/缓和 end =stop, close, halt, terminate 结束/中止 flay =criticize(批评), condemn谴责 flout =insult(侮辱), despise轻视, ignore foil =prevent from, frustrate挫败/阻挠, halt grill烤问 = investigate (调查) gut 摧毁(房屋等的)内部装置=destroy head =direct率领 hold =arrest (逮捕) laud =praise (赞扬) lop=diminish下降, 减少 map =work out 制订 mark=celebrate (庆祝) name=appoint/nominate命名/提名 moot=discuss (讨论) mull =consider (考虑) nab =arrest (逮捕) nip =defeat (击败) nix deny/disapprove 否决/拒绝 opt =choose (选择) oust =expel 驱逐 peril =endanger (危害;危及) rout =defeat completely击溃 plot =conspire 预谋,密谋 plunge=plummet (价格等)暴跌 poise=ready for action 作好准备 pledge=promise, determine 发誓 probe=investigate (调查) raid =attack rap =criticize (批评) rebuke=criticize (进攻) rout=defeat completely(击溃;打垮) slay =murder (谋杀) soar =skyrocket 急剧上升 spur =encourage 激励,鞭策 swap=exchange (交流;交换) sway=influence (影响) trim =reduce (削减) vie =compete (竞争) vow =determine (决心;发誓) weigh=consider (考虑) wed =marry woo =seek to win争取,追求   标题除偏爱使用短小动词外,还常常选用简短、字母数少的名词或名词词组。如accord与agreement, aide与assistant,aim与purpose,rally与amass assembly,drive与campaign,talk与negotiation 等。例如: quake death toll may top 2000(=the death toll in the earthquake may exceed 2000)地震死亡人数估计已逾两干 New Groups Boost Hi―Tech Research(=New Groups Promote High Technology Research)新兴集团推动高新技术研究 简短名词在英语新闻标题乃至消息报道中屡见不鲜,俯拾即是。平时阅读时不妨多加留意,这对于提高英语水平,尤其是熟悉英语同义名词,无疑是大有裨益的。 • accord=agreement aim=purpose • arms-weapons ace=champion得胜者 • aid=assistance aide=assistant • aim=purpose bid-attempt • blast=explosion clash=controversy 争论 • body=committee/commission委员会 crash=collision碰撞/坠毁 • deal=agreement/transaction/business Dems=democrats民主党党员 • envoy=ambassador大使 fake=counterfeit赝品;骗局 • fete=celebration 庆祝 foe=opponent/enemy • feud=strong dispute严重分歧 flop=failure 失败 • freeze=stabilization (物价/工资等)冻结;平抑 • glut=oversupply 供过于求 • GOP=Grand Old Party (美国)共和党 • nod=approval 许可, 批准 • pact=agreement/treaty 条约 • poll=election/public opinion poll 投票选举/民意测验 • probe=investigation pullout=withdrawal撤退;撤离 • rally=assembly rift=separation隔离;分离 • row争吵/骚乱=quarrel/argument • set=ready准备 • snag=unexpected difficulty 意外障碍/困难 • stance姿态=attitude态度 step=progress进程;进步 • strife=conflict冲突;矛盾 talk=negotiation • ties=(diplomatic) relations (外交)关系 帮助/援助 aid abet assist serve relieve 改变 alter vary amend change modify 询问 ask inquire request solicit invite 谴责 assail denounce attack assault 解雇/减少 axe dismiss reduce 阻碍 balk impede baulk flinch recoil 禁止 ban prohibit forbid veto outlaw 防止/阻止 bar prevent exclude prohibit restrain 暴露/揭露 bare expose reveal disclose display 开始 begin commence instigate initiate inaugurate 努力 bid try effort attempt undertaking 增加/提高 boost increase improve enhance advance 检查 check examine inspect assess trial 夺取生命 claim take 发生分歧 clash fight conflict quarrel collide 控制 curb restrain control limit curtail 下降 dip drop descend decline decrease 减轻/缓和 ease relieve alleviate reduce lessen 结束/中止 end stop close halt terminate 批评 flay criticize censure slate condemn 藐视 flout despise ignore disobey contravene 挫败/打破 foil frustrate thwart halt   4
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