2016-2017学年高考英语阅读理解解析汇编(29).doc

2017高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（29）

【阅读理解】
Below is a selection about some Guinness(吉尼斯) World Records.
Top 6 Unusual Guinness World Records
◆Fastest 100 m running on all fours
The 2008 Guinness World Records Day was, according to GWR，their biggest day of record­breaking ever, with more than 290,000 people taking part in record attempts in 15 different countries. Kenichi Ito's record attempt was part of this special day. He is just another example of Japanese with “super powers”. His “super power” is to run with great speed on all fours. Kenichi Ito ran 100 m on all fours in 18.58 seconds. The Japanese set this record at Setagaya Kuritsu Sogo Undojyo, Tokyo, in 2008.

◆Most people inside a soap bubble◆Longest ears on a dog◆Most living generations
Did you ever wonder what is the Guinness World Record for most living generations in one family? Seven is the answer.
The ultimate authority on record­breaking mentions on the website that the youngest great­great­great­great grandparent of this family was Augusta Bung “aged 109 years 97 days, followed by her daughter aged 89, her granddaughter aged 70, her great grand­daughter aged 52, her great­great grand­daughter aged 33 and her great­great­great granddaughter aged 15 on the birth of her great­great­great­great grandson on January 21, 1989”．

◆Most T­shirts worn at once◆Heaviest pumpkin
1．Why is Kenichi Ito described as a man with a “super power”？
A．He set a good example to all Japanese.
B．He made record attempts in 15 different countries.
C．He set a new record for “Fastest 100 m running on all fours”．
D．He participated in the 2008 Guinness World Records Day activities.
2．Jeffries is the name of ________.
A．the owner of the dog with the longest ears
B．the grandfather of the dog with the longest ears
C．the present holder of the record for “Longest ears on a dog”
D．the former holder of the record for “Longest ears on a dog”
3．How many T­shirts had Krunoslav Budiseli put on before he felt it difficult to go on?
A．68. B．120. C．238. D．245.
4．According to the given information, which Guinness World Record was most recently set?
A．The record for “Most people inside a soap bubble”．
B．The record for “Most living generations”．
C．The record for “Most T­shirts worn at once”．
D．The record for “Heaviest pumpkin”．
【要点综述】本文是一篇应用文，主要向读者介绍6个不同寻常的吉尼斯世界纪录的情况。
1. C　细节理解题。从第一则纪录中提到的He is just another…super powers…Kenichi Ito ran 100 m on all fours…知，Kenichi Ito创造了最新的最快的100米“四肢爬”纪录，所以选C项。
2. D　细节理解题。从文章第三则纪录中Mr. Jeffries is the previous record holder of this title…可以知道，Mr. Jeffries是前纪录保持者，所以选D项。
3. B　细节理解题。从第五则纪录中…The T­shirts weighed 68 kg and Budiseli said he began struggling around T­shirt No. 120…可以知道Budiseli在穿了120件T恤后感觉有点困难再穿上T恤了，所以选B项。
4. A　推理判断题。从文章的纪录中可以知道，A项是2011年4月4日创造的；B项是1989年1月21日创造的；C项是2010年5月22日创造的；D项是2010年10月9日创造的，由此知A项是最近时间创造的，所以选A项。

【2016高考训练】阅读理解—推理判断题。
When most of us hear the word chocolate. the verb that comes to mind is probably ”eat”|, not “drink”, and the most proper adjective would seem to be “sweet”. But for about 90 percent of chocolate's long history, it was strictly a beverage(饮料), and sugar didn't have anything to do with it.
The Origin of Chocolate
Many modern historians have estimated that chocolate has been around for about 2,000 years, but recent research suggests that in may be even older.
In the book The True HISTOUY OF Chocolate, authors Sophie and Michael Coe prove that the earliest linguistic(语言学的) evidence of chocolate consumption dates back three or even four thousand years.
Valuable and Fashionable Chocolate Beverage
It's hard to discover exactly when chocolate was born, but it's clear that in was cherished from the start. For several centuries in pre-modern Latin America, cacao beans were considered valuable enough to use as currency. 100 beans could purchase a good turkey hen, according to a 16th-century Aztec document.
Sweetened chocolate didn't appear until Europeans discovered the Americas and sampled(品尝) the native cuisine . Chocolate didn't suit the foreigners' taste at first—one described it in his writings as “a bitter drink for pigs” —but once mixed with honey or cane sugar, it quickly became popular throughout Spain. By the 17th century, chocolate was a fashionable drink throughout Europe, believed to have nutritious, medicinal functions. But it remained largely a privilege of the rich until the invention of the steam engine made mass production possible in the late 1700s.
The Birth of Solid chocolate
In 1828, a Dutch chemist found a way to make powdered chocolate. His product became known as “Dutch cocoa”, and it soon led to the creation of solid chocolate. In 1847, Joseph Fry created the first modern chocolate bar. By 1868, a little company called Cadbury was marketing boxes of chocolate candies in England. Milk chocolate hit the marked a few years later.
Prosperous Chocolate Industry
In America, chocolate was so valued during the Revolutionary War that it was used instead of wages . Even now, statistics show that the humble cacao bean is still a powerful economic fore. Chocolate manufacturing is a more than 4-billion-dollar industry in the United States, and the average American eats at least half a pound of the stuff per month.
1. The earliest chocolate was most probably .
A. A dish B. a drink C. a bar D. a candy
2. It can be inferred from the passage that .
A. The history of chocolate is at most 4,000 years.
B. People around the world could buy things with chocolate
C. Chocolate was well paid attention to since it was born
D. An American at least eats a pound of chocolate per month
3. Why did chocolate suit the Spanish's taste so quickly?
A. Because chocolate was so tasty and bitter.
B. Because chocolate was believed to be a source of nutrition.
C. Because chocolate was sweetened with honey of cane sugar.
D. Because chocolate became a fashionable beverage.
4. Which one shows the correct order according to the time of their appearing?
A. Chocolate beverage→chocolate bar → chocolate candies→ milk chocolate
B. Chocolate bar→ chocolate beverage→ chocolate candies→ milk chocolate
C. Chocolate bar→ chocolate candies→ milk chocolate → chocolate beverage
D. Chocolate beverage→ chocolate candies→ chocolate bar → milk chocolate
语篇解读 本文是说明文，讲述了巧克力的简单历史。
1. B 细节理解题。根据首段可知，人们普遍认为巧克力是用来吃的，而且是很甜的，然而巧克力在发展史上大部分的时间是一种苦涩的饮料。故选B
2. C 推理判断题。 根据第四段中的首句“… but it's clear that it was cherished from the start.”可知巧克力从诞生起就受到人们的珍爱。故选C
3. C 推理判断题。由第五段的第二句“… but once mixed with honey or cane sugar, it quickly became popular throughout Spain.” 可知巧克力饮料被混合蜂蜜或蔗糖变甜以后，就迅速爱到西班牙人的欢迎。故选C。
A 推理判断题。由文章叙述巧克力历史的过程可知巧克力饮料是最早的形式再根据倒数第二段中三个事件发生的顺序和首段一句可知A项是按时间顺序叙述巧克力的演变史。

阅读理解。
Why should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth? These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked.
Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup(基因构成) as human beings. What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? The wider the spread of a species, the better its chance of survival. Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.
Nearly every successful civilization has explored, because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for. Without knowledge, we may be completely destroyed by the danger. With knowledge, we can lessen its effects.
Exploration also allows minerals and other potential(潜在的) resources to be found. Even if we have no immediate need of them, they will perhaps be useful later. Resources may be more than physical possessions. Knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration. The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. We have already benefited from other spin­offs including improvements in earthquake prediction, in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems. Even non­stick pans and mirrored sunglasses are by­products(副产品) of technological developments in the space industry!
While many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows creative, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us. While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers. The danger exists, but knowledge can help human beings to survive. Without the ability to reach out across space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist.
While Earth is the only planet known to support life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future.
本文是一篇议论文，向我们阐述了人类进行太空探索的原因。人类的基因构成决定了人类探索其他领域包括太空的能力。人类探索太空可能暂时没有多大用处，但是在将来这可能会帮助人类生存下去。
1．Why does the author mention the questions in Paragraph 1?
A．To express his doubts. B．To compare different ideas.
C．To introduce points for discussion. D．To describe the conditions on Earth.
答案：C。推理判断题。作者在第一段提出问题目的是引出下面要讨论的话题。
2．What is the reason for exploring space based on Paragraph 2?
A．Humans are nature­born to do so.
B．Humans have the tendency to fight.
C．Humans may find new sources of food.
D．Humans don't like to stay in the same place.
答案：A。细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句可知人类探索太空的原因是其基因的构成。
3．The underlined word “spin­offs” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to ________.
A．survival chances B．potential resources
C．unexpected benefits D．physical possessions
答案：C。词义猜测题。后面所说的“improvements in earthquake prediction，in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems”可知此处的划线短语意为“益处，好处”。
4．What makes it possible for humans to live on other planets?
A．Our genetic makeup. B．Resources on the earth.
C．The adaptive ability of humans. D．By­products in space exploration.
答案：C。细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句话可知，人类的适应能力会让人类在其他星球生存下去。
5．Which of the statements can best sum up the passage?
A．Space exploration has created many wonders.
B．Space exploration provides the best value for money.
C．Space exploration can benefit science and technology.
D．Space exploration may help us avoid potential problems on Earth.
答案：D。主旨大意题。A、B两项可以容易地排除。全文主要讲的是太空探索对帮助人类生存的益处，而不是对科技的益处。

【2016高考训练】阅读理解—推理判断题。
Everybody has one of those days when everything does wrong. This is what happened to Harry.
He got up one morning very late because he had forgotten to wind up his alarm clock(闹钟). He tried to shave(刮脸) quickly and cut himself. When he got dressed he got blood all over his clean shirt, so he had to find another one. They only other shirt that was clean needed ironing(熨), so he ironed it. While he was ironing it , there was noc at the door, It was the man to read the electricity meter(表)。 He showed him where the meter was, said good-bay and found that the iron had burnt a hole in his shirt. So he had to wear the one with the blood on it after all. By this time it was very late, so he decided he couldn't go to work by bus. He telephoned for a taxi to take him to work. The taxi arrived and Harry got in and began to read the newspaper.
In another part of the town, a man had killed a woman with a knife and was seen to run away in a taxi. When Harry's taxi stopped outside his office, a policeman happened to be standing there. He saw the blood on Harry's shirt, and took him to the police station. He was kept till 3 o'clock in the afternoon before the police were sure that he was not the man they wanted. When he finally arrived at the office at about four, his boss took a look at him and told him to go away and find another job.
1. Harry had .
A. A lucky day B. an unlucky day C. A busy day D. a good day
2. Why did Harry wear the shirt with blood on it？
A． The iron had burnt a hole in his clean shirt.
B． The only other needed ironing.
C． He had only one shirt.
D． He cut himself and got blood all over his shirt.
3. Harry was taken to the police station because .
A. His taxi stopped outside his office and a policeman happened to be there
B. There was blood on his shirt and he was in a taxi
C. A man killed a woman with a knife
D. The murderer(杀人犯)was seen to run away in a taxi
4. His boss told him to go away and find another job because .
A. He had been kept by the police
B. There was blood on his shirt
C. He was late for work
D. He had killed a woman
语篇解读 每个人都有背运的时候，Harry 倒霉的一天就这样开始了，早上起床迟到了，剃胡子的时候又把脸弄破了… … 更倒霉的事情还在后面呢….
1. B 主旨大意题。根据文章整个的叙述过程来看应该是讲述他倒霉的一天。文章开头点题。
2. A 推理判断题。 根据文章第二段可以判断，他只有两件衬衫，一件坏了，一件还有血，只能穿带血的那件了。
3. B 推理判断题，根据对文章的理解，我们可以推断，关键是衣服上的血迹让警察起了怀疑。
4. C 推理判断题。从老板的角度来看，他迟到了，员工不遵守工作纪律，所以开除了他。

【阅读理解】
Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy Onassis was one of the most private women in the world, yet when she went to work as an editor in the last two decades of her life, she revealed (展现) herself as she did nowhere else.
After the death of her second husband，Greek shipping magnate (巨头) Aristotle Onassis lacqueline's close friend and former White House social secretary Letitis Baldrige made a suggestion that she consider a career (职业) in publishing.After consideration，Jacqueline accepted it.Perhaps she hoped to find there some ideas about how to live her own life. She became not less but more interested in reading.For the last 20 years of her life, Jacqueline worked as a publisher's editor, first at Viking，then at Doubleday, pursuing(追求)a late­life career longer than her two marriages combined.During her time in publishing, she was responsible for managing and editing more than 100 successfully marketed books.Among the first books were In the Russian Style and Inventive Paris Clothes.She also succeeded in persuading TV hosts Bill Moyers and Joseph Campbell to transform their popular television conversation into a book ，The Power of Myth.The book went on to become an international best­seller.She dealt，too with Michael Jackson as he prepared his autobiography(自传)，Moonwalk.
Jacqueline may have been hired for her name and for her social relations，but she soon proved her worth.Her choices，suggestions and widespread social relations were of benefit both to the publishing firms and to Jacqueline herself.In the books she selected for publication，she built on a lifetime of spending time by herself as a reader and left a record of the growth of her mind.Her books are the autobiogaphy she never wrote.Her_role_as_First_Lady，in_the_end，was_overshadowed_by_her_performance_as_an_editor.However，few knew that she had achieved so much.
本文主要讲述Jacqueline在选择了编辑这一职业后所做出的成就。在这一行业里她的光芒甚至压过了她作为第一夫人的头衔。
1．We can learn from the passage that Jacqueline______.
A．became fond of reading after working as an editor
B．was