初中英语过去进行时讲解及练习[1].doc

初中英语过去进行时讲解及练习(一）定义： 过去进行时，是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。（二）结构：was/were +doing (现在分词）1. 过去进行时肯定句式 由“主语+was/were + 动词ing+其它”构成Eg： We were having supper when the phone rang. 我们正在吃晚饭时电话响了。2. 过去进行时的否定式由“主语+was/were not +现在分词+其它”构成Eg： This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV. He was repairing his bike. 昨天这个时候，杰克不是在看电视，而是在修理自行车。3. 过去进行时的疑问式由“was/were +主语+ 现在分词+其它”组成，Eg： Were you playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午四点你们在它4.特殊疑问句=特殊疑问词+一般疑问句+其它（三）用法 1、过去进行时表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作或者事情。常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while例如：（1）We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。（2）What was he researching all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在研究什么？（3）My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来，受伤了。（4）It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。（5）When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 当我到达山顶的时候，阳光灿烂。2. 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。如：What was she doing at nine oclock yesterday?昨天晚上九点她在做什么？ (介词短语表示时间点)When I saw him he was decorating his room.当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。 (when从句表示时间点)3. 在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。例如：While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他边等车边看报。 (两个动作都是延续的)He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.他擦车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行)4、表示在过去即将发生的动作。如： She asked him whether he was coming back for supper.5、表示过去的反复性或习惯性的动作，常与副词always,constantly,continually,frequently等连用，常常带有说话人的某种感情色彩。如：His mother was always working like that.他目前总是那样工作。6. 通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(拥有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等。例如：误：I was knowing the answer.正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。误：I wasnt understanding him.正：I didnt understand him. 我不明白他的意思。典型例题：1) Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger.A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes 答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时。同时，when表时间的同时性，“玛丽在做衣服时”提供事情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时。2) As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep.A. read; was fallingB. was reading; fellC. was reading; was fallingD. read;fell 答案B.句中的as = when, while，意为当之时。描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。句意为 在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。句中的 fell (fall的过去时)，是系动词，后跟形容词，如：fall sick。（四）过去进行时和一般过去时的区别过去进行时与一般过去时都强调过去发生的事,进行时强调过程，不一定完成,过去时强调事件，一定完成1).表示一个动作正在进行时，另一个动作发生了,第一个动作用过去进行时，第二个动作用一般过去时。2). 过去的一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行，如果两动作一样长，则都用过去进行时。如果一个长一个短，则较长的用过去进行时。如：He played when I was studying.1.过去进行时与一般过去时，两者都表示过去发生的动作，但过去进行时表示在过去某一特定的时间点或时间段正在进行的动作，而一般过去时表示在过去时间完成的动作。例如：I was typing a letter last night. 昨晚我在打一封信.（可能没打完）I typed some letters last night. 我昨晚打了一些信.（已经打完）1、一般过去时往往表示某一动作已经完成，而过去进行时却表示动作在持续或未完成。（延续性动词）She wrote a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚给朋友写了封信。（信写完了）She was writing a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚一直在给朋友写信。（信不一定写完）2、一般过去时表示只做一次动作，而过去进行时却表示动作反复地进行。（短暂性动词）She waved to me. 她朝我挥了挥手。3、句中有a moment ago之类的短语一般用一般过去时。4、句中有at this time, last Sunday, from 8 to 9 yesterday 之类的状语一般用过去进行时。过去进行时可以用来代替一般过去时，表示更为偶然而非预定的动作：I was talking to Tom the other day 那天我跟汤姆聊天来着。这里的过去进行时给人的印象是这一动作既不特殊，也不引人注目。它同时还倾向于解除主语对于这一动作所负的责任。句中谁先开口说话既不清楚，也无关紧要。要注意它与一般过去时的差异：注意：进行时态只用于表示显然是连续不断的动作。如果把动作分割开，或者说出其发生的次数，就必须用一般过去时：I talked to Tom several times 我跟汤姆谈过几次话。Tom washed both cars汤姆把两辆汽车都洗了。当然，看来是并行的两个动作可以都用进行时态来表示：Between one and two I was doing the shopping and walking the dog一点到两点之间我在购物、遛狗。这样用的进行时态通常和某些时间状语如 today，last night，in the afternoon连用。这些时间状语可以看做是表示某一时刻，也可以看做是表示某一段时间。如上面例句所示，某一段时间也可以用确切的时间来表示。如想问起一段时间怎样度过时，用过去进行时态要用比一般过去时显得有礼貌：What were you doing before you came here？（你来这里之前做什么工作？）要比 What did you do be fore you came here？听起来有礼貌。另一方面， What were you doing in my room？（你在我的房间里干什么来着？）可能表示这样一种情感：我认为你没有权利在我的屋子里。但 What did you do in my room？却毫无这种含义。2、过去进行时与一般过去时的区别（1）过去进行时与一般过去时，两者都表示过去发生的动作,但过去进行时表示在过去某一特定的时间点或时间段正在进行的动作,而一般过去时表示在过去时间完成的动作例如: I was typing a letter last night. 昨晚我在打一封信(可能没打完) I typed some letters last night. 我昨晚打了一些信(已经打完) A. 过去进行时却表示动作在持续或未完成，而一般过时往往表示某一动作已经完成。I was reading the book at that time. (未读完，“读”的片段)I read the book yesterday. (已读完，表整个“读”)B、一般过去时表示只做一次动作，而过去进行时却表示动作反复地进行。 She waved to me. 她朝我挥了挥手。 It was raining all night.(优先用was raining ,rained 为持续动词，故也可使用)He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon. (短暂动词与持续时间连用，表反复，连续发生，不可用一般过去时)(五)when 和while的用法区别两者的区别如下：when是at or during the time that，既指时间点，也可指一段时间；while是during the time that，只指一段时间，因此when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是终止性动词，也可以是延续性动词，而while从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。when 说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时，也可以是先后发生；while 则强调主句的动作在从句动作的发生的过程中或主从句两个动作同时发生。由when引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句应用一般过去时；如果从句和主句的动作同时发生，两句都用过去进行时的时候，多用while引导，如：a. When the teacher came in,we were talking.当此句改变主从句的位置时，则为：While we were talking,the teacher came in.b They were singing while we were dancing.when和while 还可作并列连词。when表示“在那时”；while表示“而，却”，表对照关系。如：a. The children were running to move the bag of rice when they heard the sound of a motor bike.孩子们正要跑过去搬开那袋米，这时他们听到了摩托车的声音。b. He is strong while his brother is weak.他长得很结实，而他弟弟却很瘦弱。过去进行时练习题一、 编写句子When the teacher came in, _.When it rained heavily last night, _.When my mother came back from work, _.When the bell rang, _.When I left home, _.When my father got up, _.While I was reading English, _.While he was sweeping the floor, _.While the baby was sleeping, _.I _ this time yesterday morning.He _ at midnight last night.They_ at noon yesterday.We _from eight to eleven yesterday morning二、用动词的适当形式填空1. While we _ (wait) for the bus, a girl _ (run) up to us.2. I _ (telephone) a friend when Bob _ (come) in.3. Jim _ (jump) on the bus as it _ (move) away.4. We _ (test) the new machine when the electricity _ (go) off.5. She _ (not want) to stay in bed while the others _ (all, work) in the fields.6. While mother _ (put) Cathy to bed, the door bell _ (ring).7. As I _ (walk) in the park, it _ (begin) to rain.8. Even when she _ (be) a child she _ (already, think) of becoming a ballerina (芭蕾舞演员).9. It was quite late at night. George _ (read) and Amy _ (ply) her needle when they _ (hear) a knock at the door.10. There _ (be) a group round the fire when they _ (reach) it. An old woman _ (sit) on the ground near the kettle; two small children _ (lie) near her; a donkey _ (bend) his head over a tall girl.11. I _ (have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.12. Mary _ (go) over her lessons from six to seven last night. John and peter _(do) the same thing.13. What _ you _ (do) at that time? We _ (watch) TV.14. Was your father at home yesterday evening? Yes ,he was. He _ (listen) to the radio.15. They _(not make) a model ship when I saw him.16. _ they _ (have) a meeting at 4 yesterday afternoon?No, they _. They _ (clean) the classroom.17. _ it _(rain) when you left school? Yes, it _. (No, it _)18. What _ your father _ (do) when he was your age?19. One day, Edison _ (wait) for a train to arrive, and suddenly a little boy ran to the track(轨道) to play.20. He asked me if I _ (go) fishing that afternoon.21. The three of them were in a hurry because their plane _ (leave) in five minutes.22. In a letter, john told us that he _ (come) to china next month.23. When the bell rang, jenny _ (wait) in her seat.24. She _ (make) her dress the whole afternoon.25. While my father _ (look) through the evening paper, he suddenly _ a cry.26. When I _ (come) in the room, he _ (see) me, for he _ (read) something27. When we _ (arrive) at the village, it _ (get) dark and it _ (rain) hard.28. I _ (know) you _(wait) for me here.29. One day a little monkey _(play) in a tall tree. A mother crocodile(鳄鱼) _ (look) for food near the bank.30. What _ your father _ (do) yesterday evening? He _ (study) at the evening school.31. Later his parents found that he _ (sit) on some eggs.32. When he knocked at the door, my aunt _ (cook)33. The students _ (sing) and _ (dance) happily on the playground at that time.34. I _ (write) a letter when the door bell rang.35. We had no classed at that time. We _ (plant) trees.三、 选择题。Bcdac,cdaac,cbdda1. I _ cooked a meal when you _ me.a. cooked, were ringing b. was cooking, rangc. was cooking, were ringing d. cooked, rang2. He said he _ to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time.a. tries b. tried c. was trying d. will try3. While she _ TV, she _ a sound outside the room.a. was watching, was hearing b. watched, was hearing c. watched, heard d. was watching, heard4. They _ a football game from 7 to 9 last night.a. were watching b. watch c. watched d. are watching5. What book _ you _ when I _ you at four yesterday afternoon?a. did, read, was seeing b. did, read, saw c. were, reading, saw d. were, reading, was seeing6. It was Friday evening. Mr and Mrs. Green _ ready to fly to England.a. are getting b. get c. were getting d. got7. Lei Feng _ always _ of others when he _ in the army.a. is, thinking, was b. was, thinking, is c. did, think, is d. was, thinking, was8. A girl _ my pen fall off the table when she _ me.a. saw, passed b. was seeing, passed c. was seeing, passed d. was seeing, was passing9. We _ for tom at ten last Sunday. He often kept us _.a. were waiting, waiting b. were waiting, wait c. waited, waiting d. waited, wait10. He _ his father on the farm the whole afternoon last Saturday.a. helps b. would help c. was helping d. is helping11. While mother _ some washing, I _ a kite for Kate.a. did, made b. was doing, made c. was doing, was making d. did, was making12. “_ you angry then?” “they _ too much noise.”a. are, were making b. were, were making c. are, made d. were, made13. He _ some cooking at that time, so _ mea. did, heard b. did, didnt hear c. was doing, heard d. was doing, didnt hear14. This time yesterday jack _ his bike. He _ TVa. repaired, didnt watch b. was repairing, watchedc. repaired, watched d. was repairing, wasnt watching15. His parents wanted to know how he _ on with his new classmates.a. was getting b. gets c. is getting d. will get1.My brother _ while he _ his bicycle and hurt himself. A.fell, was riding B. fell, were ridin C.had fallen, rode D. had fallen, was riding 2. Tom _ into the house when no one _. A.slipped, was looking B. had slipped, looke C.slipped, had looked D. was slipping, looked 3.The last time I _ Jane she _ cotton in the fields. A. had seen, was picking B. saw, picke C. had seen, picked D. saw, was picking 4.I don t think Jim saw me; he _ into space. A.just stared B. was just stari C.has just stared D. had just stared 5.I first met Lisa three years ago. She _ at a radio shop at the time. A. has worked B. was working C. had been working D. had worked 6.-Hey, look where you are going! -Oh, I m terribly sorry _. A.I m not noticing B.I wasnt noticin C.I havent noticed D.I dont notice 7. The reporter said that the UFO _ east to west when he saw it. A.was traveling B. traveled C.had been traveling D. was to travel 8. I _ my breakfast when the morning post came. A.had B. had been having C.have been having D. was having 9.When I arrived at his office, he _ on the phone. A.was speaking B.spo C.had been speaking D. had spoken 10. “ What s the matter, Ali? You look sad. ” “ Oh, nothing . As a matter of fact, I _ of my friends back home. ” A.just thought B.have just been thinkingC.was just thinking D.have just thought6