1、专题四连词与介词专题四连词与介词1.专题导读专题导读专题四专题四 专题导读专题导读 1 1连词也是高考热点之一。重点考查:常见并列连词连词也是高考热点之一。重点考查:常见并列连词(常见并列连词主要有:表转折的常见并列连词主要有:表转折的but,while,whereasbut,while,whereas等;等;表选择的表选择的oror;表并列的;表并列的andand。)的基本用法;并列句的句法的基本用法;并列句的句法功能;并列连词与定语从句的辨别;考查并列句中谓语动功能;并列连词与定语从句的辨别;考查并列句中谓语动词与非谓语动词的辨别等。词与非谓语动词的辨别等。2 2介词主要考查近义词的用法区
2、别、介词的特定含义、介词主要考查近义词的用法区别、介词的特定含义、介词和连词易混淆的项目、介词的固定用法等。在介词和连词易混淆的项目、介词的固定用法等。在20102010、20112011两年全国各地高考试题中,都涉及对介词的考查,在两年全国各地高考试题中,都涉及对介词的考查,在语法填空中进行考查时,对介词的有无、介词与其他词的语法填空中进行考查时,对介词的有无、介词与其他词的固定搭配的考查尤为频繁。近几年高考对介词以及介词短固定搭配的考查尤为频繁。近几年高考对介词以及介词短语的考查主要集中在以下几点:语的考查主要集中在以下几点:2.专题四专题四 专题导读专题导读 (1)(1)介词或介词短语词
3、义辨析;介词或介词短语词义辨析;(2)(2)意义相同或相近,但使用范围不同的介词的辨析;意义相同或相近,但使用范围不同的介词的辨析;(3)(3)介词与某些名词、形容词和动词的各种搭配形式。介词与某些名词、形容词和动词的各种搭配形式。介词的用法非常普遍,它关系到句子的上下衔接,所以介词的用法非常普遍,它关系到句子的上下衔接,所以在以后的高考命题中,介词仍然是一个考查热点。在以后的高考命题中,介词仍然是一个考查热点。解题小技巧解题小技巧 1.1.正确选用连词的关键在于分析句子结构,把握前后句正确选用连词的关键在于分析句子结构,把握前后句的逻辑关系,再结合题干所提供的语境便可作出正确判断。的逻辑关系
4、,再结合题干所提供的语境便可作出正确判断。3.专题四专题四 专题导读专题导读 2.2.介词是英语中比较活跃的词,中学阶段所学的介词有介词是英语中比较活跃的词,中学阶段所学的介词有4040多个。它与名词、形容词、副词和动词等构成搭配时用多个。它与名词、形容词、副词和动词等构成搭配时用法灵活,意义丰富。搭配比较活跃的介词主要有法灵活,意义丰富。搭配比较活跃的介词主要有inin,outout,upup,downdown,onon,offoff,toto,fromfrom,forfor,overover,withwith等。预等。预测今后高考对介词的考查将以介词的固定短语和介词辨析测今后高考对介词的考
5、查将以介词的固定短语和介词辨析为主。在学习介词时,应重点掌握介词的基本用法,同时为主。在学习介词时,应重点掌握介词的基本用法,同时注意总结其与名词、形容词、副词、动词等搭配构成的短注意总结其与名词、形容词、副词、动词等搭配构成的短语的意思和用法。语的意思和用法。4.真题典例真题典例专题四专题四 真题典例真题典例1.20111.2011山东卷山东卷 Find ways to praise your children Find ways to praise your children often,_ youll find they will open their often,_ youll fin
6、d they will open their hearts to you.hearts to you.A.till A.till B Boror C Candand D Dbutbut【解析】【解析】C C句意:找到经常表扬你的孩子的方法,你就会句意:找到经常表扬你的孩子的方法,你就会发现他们会向你敞开心扉。考查发现他们会向你敞开心扉。考查“祈使句祈使句andand陈述句陈述句”句句型,其中型,其中andand前的祈使句相当于前的祈使句相当于ifif引导的条件状语从句。后面引导的条件状语从句。后面的陈述句表达的是前面祈使句中动作的结果,所以用的陈述句表达的是前面祈使句中动作的结果,所以用and
7、and;如;如果陈述句表达的是祈使句动作相反的结果,则用果陈述句表达的是祈使句动作相反的结果,则用or/otherwiseor/otherwise。5.专题四专题四 真题典例真题典例2.20112.2011浙江卷浙江卷 I always wanted to do the job which I always wanted to do the job which Id been trained _.Id been trained _.A Aon Bon Bfor for C Cby Dby Dofof【解析】【解析】B B本题以定语从句形式考查介词辨析。本题以定语从句形式考查介词辨析。train
8、 train forfor为为受培训,受培训,forfor表示目的,故选表示目的,故选B B。6.专题四专题四 真题典例真题典例3.20113.2011全国卷全国卷 Someone wants you on the phone.Someone wants you on the phone._nobody knows I am here._nobody knows I am here.A AAlthough BAlthough BAnd And C CBut DBut DSoSo【解析】【解析】C C 7.专题四专题四 真题典例真题典例4.20114.2011湖北卷湖北卷 When asked
9、about their opinions When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster,many teachers would prefer about the schoolmaster,many teachers would prefer to see him step aside _ younger men.to see him step aside _ younger men.A Ain terms of in terms of B Bin need of in need of C Cin favor of Din favo
10、r of Din praise ofin praise of【解析】【解析】C C句意:当被问及他们对校长的意见时,许多老句意:当被问及他们对校长的意见时,许多老师都希望看到他让位给年轻人。考查介词短语意义辨析。师都希望看到他让位给年轻人。考查介词短语意义辨析。in in terms ofterms of依据,就依据,就来说;来说;in need ofin need of需要;需要;in favor ofin favor of支持,赞同;支持,赞同;in praise ofin praise of歌颂。故选歌颂。故选C C项。项。8.专题四专题四 真题典例真题典例5.20115.2011山东卷
11、山东卷 Im sorry I didnt phone you,but Im sorry I didnt phone you,but Ive been very busy_ the past couple of Ive been very busy_ the past couple of weeks.weeks.A Abeyondbeyond B Bwithwith C Camongamong D Doverover【解析】【解析】D D 句意:很抱歉没有给你打电话,因为在过去的几句意:很抱歉没有给你打电话,因为在过去的几个星期我一直很忙。考查介词的用法。根据句意选个星期我一直很忙。考查介词的用
12、法。根据句意选over“over“在在其间其间”,后跟一段时间。,后跟一段时间。beyondbeyond超出;超出;among“among“在在之间之间”,多用于指作为一个整体的人或事物,一般不与表示时间的词连用。多用于指作为一个整体的人或事物,一般不与表示时间的词连用。withwith与与busybusy连用可构成连用可构成be busy with sth.“be busy with sth.“忙于某事忙于某事”,但其,但其中中sth.sth.一般不是表示时间的名词或短语。故选一般不是表示时间的名词或短语。故选D D。9.专题四专题四 真题典例真题典例6.20116.2011安徽卷安徽卷 S
13、ometimes proper answers are not Sometimes proper answers are not far to seek_ food safety problem.far to seek_ food safety problem.A Ain in B Bto to C Con Don Dafterafter【解析】【解析】B B句意:有时食品安全问题的适当解决方法是不难找句意:有时食品安全问题的适当解决方法是不难找到的。到的。考查介词辨析。本句的主语是考查介词辨析。本句的主语是answers to food safety answers to food safe
14、ty problemproblem,但是为了避免句子头重脚轻,将,但是为了避免句子头重脚轻,将answeranswer的定语放在后的定语放在后面。介词面。介词to to 表示表示“属于,归于属于,归于”。10.专题四专题四 真题典例真题典例7.20117.2011四川卷四川卷 Nick,its good for you to read Nick,its good for you to read some books _China before you start your trip some books _China before you start your trip there.there
15、.A Ain Bin Bfor for C Cof Dof Donon【解析】【解析】D D 句意:尼克,在你开始去中国旅行前,读些有关句意:尼克,在你开始去中国旅行前,读些有关中国的书籍对你有好处。考查介词词义辨析。中国的书籍对你有好处。考查介词词义辨析。some books on some books on China“China“有关中国的书籍有关中国的书籍”。故选。故选D D。11.专题四专题四 真题典例真题典例8.20118.2011天津卷天津卷 He was a good student and scored He was a good student and scored _ a
16、verage in most subjects._ average in most subjects.A Abelow Bbelow Bof of C Con Don Daboveabove【解析】【解析】D D 句意:他是个好学生,大多数科目都在平均分以句意:他是个好学生,大多数科目都在平均分以上。考查介词的用法。上。考查介词的用法。below averagebelow average在平均分以下;在平均分以下;ofof不与不与averageaverage搭配;搭配;on averageon average平均;平均;above averageabove average在平均分以上。在平均分
17、以上。故选故选D D。12.专题四专题四 真题典例真题典例9.20119.2011重庆卷重庆卷 Shirley,a real book lover,often Shirley,a real book lover,often brings home many books to read _ the library.brings home many books to read _ the library.A Ain Bin Bfor for C Cby Dby Dfromfrom【解析】【解析】D D 句意:雪莉,一个真正爱读书的人,常常从图书句意:雪莉,一个真正爱读书的人,常常从图书馆带回家很多
18、书去读。考查介词搭配。馆带回家很多书去读。考查介词搭配。bring home many books bring home many books from the libraryfrom the library本应放在一起,为了句子平衡,将本应放在一起,为了句子平衡,将to readto read插插入其间。入其间。13.专题四专题四 真题典例真题典例10.201110.2011江苏卷江苏卷 Wed better discuss everything Wed better discuss everything _before we work out the plan._before we wor
19、k out the plan.A Ain detail Bin detail Bin general in general C Con purpose Don purpose Don timeon time【解析】【解析】A A句意:在制订计划之前我们最好详细讨论一切事句意:在制订计划之前我们最好详细讨论一切事情。考查介词短语辨析。情。考查介词短语辨析。in detailin detail详细地;详细地;in generalin general一般来一般来说,大体上;说,大体上;on purposeon purpose故意地;故意地;on timeon time按时。故选按时。故选A A。14
20、.新题预测新题预测专题四专题四 新题预测新题预测1.1.InIn some places women are expected to earn money some places women are expected to earn money _ men work at home and raise their children._ men work at home and raise their children.A Abut Bbut Bwhile while C Cbecause Dbecause Dthoughthough【解析】【解析】B B句意:在一些地方,人们期望妇女挣钱而男士
21、句意:在一些地方,人们期望妇女挣钱而男士在家操持家务和抚养子女。前后两句之间是对比关系。在家操持家务和抚养子女。前后两句之间是对比关系。butbut强强调前后两句的转折关系;调前后两句的转折关系;becausebecause表示原因;表示原因;thoughthough表示转折表示转折时常用于句首或句末。故选时常用于句首或句末。故选B B项。项。15.专题四专题四 新题预测新题预测2.2._ many times,but he still couldnt _ many times,but he still couldnt understand the question.understand th
22、e question.A AHaving been told BHaving been told BHaving told Having told C CHe was told DHe was told DTellingTelling【解析】【解析】C C句中有连词句中有连词butbut,说明前后都是句子,故选,说明前后都是句子,故选C C项。项。16.专题四专题四 新题预测新题预测3.3.We must get up early tomorrow,_well We must get up early tomorrow,_well miss the first bus to the Great
23、 Wall.miss the first bus to the Great Wall.A Aso Bso Bor or C Cbut Dbut Dhoweverhowever【解析】【解析】B B根据句意根据句意“我们明天必须早起,否则会误了去我们明天必须早起,否则会误了去长城的早班车的长城的早班车的”可知应选可知应选B B项。项。17.专题四专题四 新题预测新题预测4.4.How did you know someone had been trying to How did you know someone had been trying to kill you?kill you?I was
24、 covering an important event _ I I was covering an important event _ I happened to smell the danger.happened to smell the danger.A Awhenwhen B Bwhile while C Cthoughthough D Dasas【解析】【解析】A Awhenwhen此处意为此处意为“就在这时就在这时”,即:,即:“我正在采访我正在采访一件重要事件,就在这时我碰巧嗅出了危险。一件重要事件,就在这时我碰巧嗅出了危险。”18.专题四专题四 新题预测新题预测5.5.I do
25、nt like chicken _ fish.I dont like chicken _ fish.I dont like chicken,_ I like fish I dont like chicken,_ I like fish very much.very much.A Aand;and Band;and Band;but and;but C Cor;but Dor;but Dor;andor;and【解析】【解析】C C 在否定句中,并列成分的连接通常用在否定句中,并列成分的连接通常用or,or,构成构成完全否定;答语中前后两分句是一种转折关系,故用完全否定;答语中前后两分句是一种转
26、折关系,故用butbut连接。连接。19.专题四专题四 新题预测新题预测6 6._her parents strong objection._her parents strong objection,the young the young girl went to work in the country.girl went to work in the country.A ABecause of BBecause of BRegardless of Regardless of C CThanks to DThanks to DDue toDue to【解析】【解析】B B句意:不顾父母的强烈反
27、对,那个年轻的女孩句意:不顾父母的强烈反对,那个年轻的女孩去了农村工作。去了农村工作。regardless of regardless of 不管,不顾;不管,不顾;because of because of 由由于,因为;于,因为;thanks tothanks to幸亏,由于;幸亏,由于;due to due to 由于,因为;依句由于,因为;依句意选意选B B。20.专题四专题四 新题预测新题预测7.7.I feel sure that _qualificationI feel sure that _qualification,ability ability and experience
28、and experience,you are suited to the position we you are suited to the position we have in mind.have in mind.A Aon account of Bon account of Bin terms of in terms of C Con the basis of Don the basis of Din the light ofin the light of【解析】【解析】B B句意:我确信从资格、能力和经验来说,你句意:我确信从资格、能力和经验来说,你适合我们心中的这个职位。适合我们心中
29、的这个职位。in terms ofin terms of就就而言;而言;on on account of account of 由于,因为;由于,因为;on the basis of on the basis of 根据,在根据,在基础上;基础上;in the light ofin the light of根据,按照。根据,按照。B B项符合句意。项符合句意。21.专题四专题四 新题预测新题预测8.8.We should talk about the things _the We should talk about the things _the childrens understanding
30、 in a simple way.childrens understanding in a simple way.A Aover Bover Bbeyond beyond C Cabove Dabove Dunderunder【解析】【解析】B B句意:我们应该以一种简单的方式谈论孩子句意:我们应该以一种简单的方式谈论孩子们不能理解的东西。们不能理解的东西。beyond ones understandingbeyond ones understanding为固定为固定搭配,意为搭配,意为“超越了某人的理解力超越了某人的理解力”,再如:,再如:beyond sb.beyond sb.对对于某人来
31、说难以想象、理解或估计;于某人来说难以想象、理解或估计;beyond description beyond description 难以描述。难以描述。22.专题四专题四 新题预测新题预测9.9.I think Jack is doing well in social work.I think Jack is doing well in social work.I agree with you_.I agree with you_.A Aon the way Bon the way Bin the way in the way C Cby the way Dby the way Din a w
32、ayin a way【解析】【解析】D D句意:句意:“我认为杰克在社会活动中表现不错。我认为杰克在社会活动中表现不错。”“”“我在一定程度上同意你的观点。我在一定程度上同意你的观点。”on the way to”on the way to 通往通往的路上;的路上;in the way in the way 挡道;挡道;by the way by the way 顺便说一下;顺便说一下;in a way in a way 在某种程度上。在某种程度上。23.专题四专题四 新题预测新题预测10.10.LuckilyLuckily,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is making a difference_the H1N1 flu.making a difference_the H1N1 flu.A Afrom Bfrom Bof of C Cwith Dwith Dagainstagainst【解析】【解析】D D句意:幸运的是,传统的中药在抵抗句意:幸运的是,传统的中药在抵抗H1N1H1N1流流感中起了很大的作用。感中起了很大的作用。againstagainst此处是介词,意为此处是介词,意为“反对,反对,防御防御”。24.