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Module1 Unit1 School life(2)11313、approve approve vt.vt.同同意意;许许可可;对对表表示示认认可可 vi.vi.赞成,赞同赞成,赞同Father approved our plan to visit New York.父亲同意了我们参观纽约的计划。2 approval n.赞成,同意;批准,通过approving adj.赞成的,同意的approvingly adv.赞许地disapprove vt.不同意,不赞成disapproval n.不同意,不赞成 31414、charge charge n.n.价价钱钱;控控制制;责责任任;照照看看,指指控控 v v.要价,收费;控诉;要价,收费;控诉;(公开公开)指责;命令;使充电指责;命令;使充电 i n/have charge of 掌管charge sb.money(for sth./to do sth.)(因为某物/做某事)向某人索价/收费be charged with 被指控犯有罪charge sb.with 指控某人;赋予某人职责(或任务)take charge(of)开始掌控/负责某事in/under the charge of 在的掌管下/由照看free of charge 免费Whats the charge for?的费用是多少?4Whos in charge around here?这儿谁负责?The grocer charged me too much for the apples I bought.这个食杂店老板卖给我的苹果索价太高了。She was charged with stealing a car.她被指控偷了一辆小汽车。Does your car battery charge easily?你那辆汽车的蓄电池容易充电吗?5Din charge of 掌管;in/under the charge of 在的掌管下。Who is in _charge of the factory?It is in _ charge of my brother.A.the;/B.the;the C./;/D./;the6will take charge of the department tomorrowKen .Ken明天开始负责这个部门。71 1、for free for free 免费地,相当于免费地,相当于free of charge,free of charge,withoutwithout payment payment He got the tickets for free.他免费弄到了这些票。8free adj.自由的;空闲的;不收费的 adv.免费地freely adv.免费地;自由地,无拘无束地;自愿地He freely admitted his failure.他心甘情愿地承认了自己的失败。9选择下列句中free的具体含义A.自由的B.空闲的C.免费的Will you be free at the weekend?I want to invite you to a party.()Sign the form,and you will get a free gift.()He was no longer a slave,but a free man.()BCA102 2、for example for example 例如,举例来说For example,John has the same opinion.例如,约翰也持相同的观点。Some students,for example,Tom,live in the neighborhood.有些学生,例如汤姆,也住在附近地区。11这两个短语都有“例如”之意,通常用来举例。for example作为独立语插入句中,它的位置很灵活,可用在所举的例子(一般是一个)的前面或后面。such as用来列举事物(一类),放在被列举的事物与前面的名词之间,as之后不可有逗号。12A lot of us want to leave now for example,Bill.我们中有许多人想离开,例如比尔。He knows several foreign languages,such as English,French and German.他懂几门外语,如英语、法语和德语。13Noise,_,is a kind of pollution.A.such as B.take for exampleC.like D.for exampleD143 3、know of know of 听说过或读到某人/某事/知道某人,某事的存在I knew of it long ago.我很久以前就听说过此事。I know of him,but I cant really say that I know him.我听说过他,可是我不能说我认识他。15know 表示直接地“认识”“知道”具体的人或事。know of 表示间接地“了解”“听说”“知道有关的情况”。know about 与know of意义相同,但about有时表示了解的情况更多,更详细。16 be known as作为而出名be known for因而出名He is known as a writer.作为一名作家,他非常有名。Weifang is known for the kite.潍坊因为风筝而出名。17 Do you _ Mr.Smith?No,I just _ him.A.know;know B.know of;know about C.know;know of D.know about;knowCknow of 听说过;know sb.熟悉某事,了解某人。184 4、pay attention topay attention to 注意(to为介词)You should pay more attention to your pronunciation.你应该多注意你的发音。He talked loudly,but no one paid him any attention.他大声喧哗,但是没有人注意他。19B题意表示“孩子们的注意力突然被吸引到那个过路人身上”,可用draw attention to sb.结构。句子中who引导的定语从句含有had和wore两个并列的谓语动词,都需用过去时,因此答案选B。The childrens attention was suddenly _ the passerby who had a funny hat on and _ strange clothes.A.drawing to;wearing B.drawn to;wore C.drawn;wearing D.drawing;wore20Dpay attention to中的to是介词,后面通常接名词或动名词;get sth.ready 把准备好。Pay attention to _ everything ready before dark.A.get B.make C.making D.getting21He also told us that the best way to earn respect was to devote ourselves to study and achieve high grades.他还告诉我们最好的赢得尊敬的办法是全身心地投入学习之中并获得高分。22(1)way表示“方法、途径”时常用不定式或of后加动名词作定语,有时用that或in which引导定语从句,且in which可以省略。Farmers thought of ways to protect their chickens.农民们想办法来保护小鸡。Mr.Wang has a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.王先生有一种奇特的方法使他的课堂生动、有趣。23(2)to devote ourselves to study and achieve high grades为并列不定式作表语。To see is to believe.(或Seeing is believing.)眼见为实。My hope is to become an excellent teacher.我的理想是成为一名优秀教师。24B句意:你想出的完成这项计划的方法是可行的。The way _ you thought _ the task is possible.A.that;finishing B.which;of finishing C.how;to finish D.how;of finishing 25in whichI dont think the way _ _ you speak to your parents is right.261.Dearn ones living 自谋生计。1You are old enough to _ your own living.(2011辽宁)A.win B.gain C.take D.earn272.Dabove average 在平均水平以上。根据前后句意可知。2He was a good student and scored _ average in most subjects.(2011天津)A.below B.of C.on D.above28THANK YOUSUCCESS2024/4/17 周三29可编辑3.D句意:临床证据不断增加,表明那些新的药物有着比由动物实验中预测到的更广泛的用途。3Clinical evidence began to _,suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals.(2011湖北)A.operate B.strengthen C.approve D.accumulate3031冠词定冠词the用来表特指,意思相当于this(these)/that(those)。不定冠词a(n)与数词one 同源,常表泛指,被修饰词具有不确定的含义,是“其中一个”的意思。a用于辅音音素前,而an则用于元音音素前。32一、定冠词the在下列情形中使用1表示上文提及或双方都知道的人或物。2用于世界上独一无二的事物前。3用于单数可数名词前面,表示某一类人或事物。4用于形容词或过去分词前,表示一类人或事物。5用于序数词及形容词的最高级前。6和姓氏复数连用,表“一家人”或“夫妇二人”。7放在“海洋、河流、岛屿、山系、沙漠及由普通名词构成的专有名词”前。338放在表示方位或西洋乐器的名词前。9用于“打/击/牵/拉的动词人介词the身体的部位”句式。10用在年份的复数名词前,指某世纪的某个年代。11关于定冠词的一些固定搭配:in the morning 在早晨in the end 最后on the right 在右边go to the cinema 去看电影34all the year round 全年on the other hand 另一方面the other day 不久前的某天in the distance 在远处for the time being 暂时at the moment 此刻in the way 挡道out of the question 不可能in the daytime 在白天35in the habit of 习惯on the whole 总的来说go to the doctors 去看医生on the radio 广播on the spot 在现场to tell the truth 说实话be red in the face 脸红36定冠词the用法巧记宇宙中独一无二的天体名词前要用the。特指、重提和唯一,岛屿、海峡和海湾,海洋、党派、最高级,沙漠、河流与群山,方位、顺序和乐器。年代、团体与机关,船名、建筑和组织,会议、条约与报刊,姓氏复数、国家全名,请你记住用定冠。37二、不定冠词常用于下列情形中1当可数名词单数第一次出现时,用a(n)表示不确定的某个人或物,兼有类别和数量的含义。2可数名词单数第二次出现,但前面有形容词,仍然用a(n)修饰名词,表达“受限制”的新概念。3用于可数名词单数前,代表一类人或事物,相当于any。4用于可数名词单数前,相当于one,per或every,表频率。5.a(n)用于be of n.结构,说明事物具有同一属性,相当于the same,表示“相同”的意思。386物质名词或抽象名词前用a/an,表示种类。7人名前用a(n),表示说话者不熟悉的人,相当于“a certain”。8表示与某名人有类似性质的人或事物。9用于可数名词单数前,表示数量。10序数词前面加不定冠词a(n)表示“再一,又一”之意,数字的顺序意义淡化。11.形容词最高级前加不定冠词a(n)表示“十分,非常”之意,最高级意义淡化。3912关于不定冠词的一些固定搭配:have a cold 患感冒have a good time 玩得高兴have a gift for 有天赋have a word with 和交谈keep a diary 写日记in a hurry 赶时间once in a while 偶尔at a loss 不知所措40for a while 一会儿once upon a time 曾经all of a sudden 突然tell a lie 说谎ask sb.a favor 请某人帮忙at a distance 保持一定距离have a population of 有人口41三、零冠词(不用冠词)常用于下列情形中 1在抽象名词前不用。2家庭成员大写时,其前不用冠词。3表示独一无二的职称、头衔的名词作主补、宾补、表语或同位语时,不用冠词。4在as/though引导的让步状语从句的倒装结构中,作表语的单数名词通常不用冠词。5在turn和go之后的单数名词作表语时。但become之后要用冠词,如:He has become a CEO in a company now.426“by名词”结构表通讯,交通方式,名词用单数,且前面不用冠词。7在对称结构中,名词前不用冠词。8两个名词并列表示同一概念时,第二个名词不用冠词。9不用冠词的一些固定搭配:pen and ink 笔墨master and servant 主仆on second thoughts 再三考虑43come to light 显露,暴露come to power 就职,上任give birth to 生产,生育in case of 万一,假设in use 在使用中in debt 负债under repair 在修理中from morning till night 从早到晚by weight 按重量44by mistake 弄错ahead of time 提前face to face 面对面at noon 在中午out of work 失业不用冠的口诀:月、季、星期、节假、洲,呼语、头衔、职务前,三餐、球类、惯用语,学科、棋类名词前。45 高考湖南卷的冠词常放到完形填空二,也就是Section C中考查,且每年必考一题,分值为1.5分。其考查以不定冠词,尤其是an为主。这是因为定冠词the常可与人称代词its,his,her等混淆,造成答案不唯一。461不定冠词an用在元音前,a用在辅音前。需要注意的是,不能以单词开头是元音字母或辅音字母为判断依据,因为元音字母有可能发辅音,辅音字母有可能发元音。单独提及英语字母,其中有11个字母前用不定冠词时要用an:Aa,Ee,Ii,Oo,Ff,Hh,Ll,Mm,Nn,Ss,Xx。注意:元音字母Uu不在此列。47以eight或8开头的数字前用不定冠词时,要用an。如an 8yearold boy等。以元音字母u开头的单词前,要根据该字母的具体发音而定。如:a university student和an ugly woman等。另外,以ho开头的单词也是同样,如:an hour等。482冠词的位置(下列情形可以考虑填冠词)一般来说,冠词位于名词或名词短语的最前面。the last few days 最后几天在“so/as/too/how形容词a(n)单数可数名词”结构中,冠词置于so/as/too/how修饰的形容词之后。It is so good a film that all the students will go to see it.这部电影很好,所有的学生都想去看。49冠词位于such,what,many,not much of等词之后。He has never written such an interesting book as that.他从未写过像那本一样有趣的书。冠词用于quite,rather之后,但另有形容词修饰时,冠词位于quite与rather的前后皆可。He is quite a man.他真是男子汉。It is a rather/rather a hot day.天很热。50当名词前有all,both,double,exactly,just等词修饰时,定冠词the应位于这些修饰词之后,名词之前。I have sent both the letters by air mail.我把两封信都用航空邮件寄出去了。511.How beautifully she sings!I have never heard _ voice.A.a better B.a best C.the better D.the best 52此题容易误选D,认为最高级前用定冠词才是最佳的。其实此题最佳答案为A,该句可视为是下面这句的省略形式:I have never heard a better voice than her voice.全句句意为“她唱得多好啊!我从未听过这么好的声音”。53比较以下试题,情形也大致相同:Boris has brains.In fact,I doubt whether anyone in the class has _ IQ.A.a high B.a higher C.the higher D.the highest B句意为“我怀疑班上有没有哪个人比他智商更高”,即“我认为他可能是班上智商最高的”。54“Are you satisfied with his answer?”“Not at all.It couldnt have been _.”A.better B.worse C.more D.less B关键是要理解 Not at all 的意思。根据上文语境,Not at all.为 I am not satisfied at all with his answer.之省略,即表示“我对他的回答一点也不满意”,既然如此,回答语当然会是couldnt have been worse(不可能更糟)。552._ is his favorite subject,but he doesnt know _ for“gongzuo”A.English;EnglishB.The English;the English C.English;the EnglishD.The English;English C 此题容易误选A,认为表示语言的名词前是不用冠词的。的确,英语中表示语言或表示学科的语言名词前习惯上不加冠词,但是它若表示语言中的对应词语时,则其前习惯上要用定冠词,56 又如:Whats the Chinese for“work”(work 用汉语怎么说)?另外,在 the English language,the French language 这类带有 language 的表达中也通常要用冠词。顺便说一句,语言名词前习惯上不用物主代词,所以“谁教你们的英语”不能译为 Who teaches your English?而应译为 Who teaches you English?(此句 teach 后接的 you 和 English 为双宾语)但是,当表示语言的名词表示某人使用语言的能力和水平时,则可用物主代词,如可说 My English is very poor.57THANK YOUSUCCESS2024/4/17 周三58可编辑
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