北京高考英语阅读篇章结构题.ppt

阅读理解篇章结构题阅读理解篇章结构题 常规阅读理解五大题型细节题生词题推断题主旨题结构题试卷卷题目目2008年北京卷E-752009年北京卷C-672012年北京卷D-702012年朝阳二模C-66Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?CP:Central Point P:Point Sp:Sub-point(次要点)C:Conclusion解题思路及应试技巧1.画下关键词2.篇章主干 首段，各段第一句，末段 3.找出篇章结构 Wilderness “In wilderness(荒野)is the preservation of the world.”This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism.The frequency with which it is borrowed mirrors a heated debate on environmental protection:whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved.As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out,there is a strong appeal in images of the wild,the untouched;more than anything else,they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly.The urge to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong,and the danger exploitation(开发)brings to such landscapes(景观)is real.Some of these wildernesses also perform functions that humans needthe rainforests,for example,store carbon in vast quantities.To Mr.Sauven,these”ecosystem services”far outweigh the gains from exploitation.Lee Lane,a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute,takes the opposing view.He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services,such as water conservation.But that is not,he argues,a reason to avoid all human presence,or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation.There are ever more people on the Earth,and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives,rather than merely struggle for survival.While the ways of using resources have improved,there is still a growing need for raw materials,and some wildernesses contain them in abundance.If they can be tapped without reducing the services those wildernesses provide,the argument goes,there is no further reason not to do so.Being untouched is not,in itself,a characteristic worth valuing above all others.I look forwards to seeing these views taken further,and to their being challenged by the other participants.One challenge that suggests itself to me is that both cases need to take on the question of spiritual value a little more directly.And there is a practical question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm.This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings,but also the guidance of reason.What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of the world obviously deserves much more serious thinking.（2012年北京卷）Wilderness “In wilderness(荒野)is the preservation of the world.”This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism.The frequency with which it is borrowed mirrors a heated debate on environmental protection:whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved.As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out,there is a strong appeal in images of the wild,the untouched;more than anything else,they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly.The urge to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong,and the danger exploitation(开发)brings to such landscapes(景观)is real.Some of these wildernesses also perform functions that humans needthe rainforests,for example,store carbon in vast quantities.To Mr.Sauven,these”ecosystem services”far outweigh the gains from exploitation.Lee Lane,a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute,takes the opposing view.He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services,such as water conservation.But that is not,he argues,a reason to avoid all human presence,or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation.There are ever more people on the Earth,and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives,rather than merely struggle for survival.While the ways of using resources have improved,there is still a growing need for raw materials,and some wildernesses contain them in abundance.If they can be tapped without reducing the services those wildernesses provide,the argument goes,there is no further reason not to do so.Being untouched is not,in itself,a characteristic worth valuing above all others.I look forwards to seeing these views taken further,and to their being challenged by the other participants.One challenge that suggests itself to me is that both cases need to take on the question of spiritual value a little more directly.And there is a practical question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm.This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings,but also the guidance of reason.What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of the world obviously deserves much more serious thinking.（2012年北京卷）Wilderness “In wilderness(荒野)is the preservation of the world.”This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism.The frequency with which it is borrowed mirrors a heated debate on environmental protection:whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved.As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out,there is a strong appeal in images of the wild,the untouched;more than anything else,they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly.Lee Lane,a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute,takes the opposing view.I look forwards to seeing these views taken further,and to their being challenged by the other participants.This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings,but also the guidance of reason.What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of the world obviously deserves much more serious thinking.70.Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?A.B.C.D.CP:Central PointP:PointSp:Sub-point(次要点)C:Conclusion The Diet Zone:A Dangerous Place Diet Coke,diet Pepsi,diet pills,no-fat diet,vegetable diet We are surrounded by the word“diet”everywhere we look and listen.We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us.We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically（身体上）.Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically.On one level,we are not allowing our brain to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight,but in controlling the consumption of fatty,high-calorie,unhealthy foods.Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale（秤）instead.All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word“diet”in food labels.On another level,diet products have greater psychological effects.Every time we have a zero-calorie drink,we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we dont have to work to get results.Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain,and that life can be without resistance and struggle.The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us,but also in the physical harm that they cause.Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients(营养成分).Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products.Diet products may not be nutritional,and the chemical that go into diet products are potentially dangerous.Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us,it is time to seriously think about buying them.Losing weight lies in the power of minds,not in the power of chemicals.Once we realize this,we will be much better able to resist diet products,and therefore prevent the psychological harm that comes from using them.（2008年北京卷）The Diet Zone:A Dangerous Place Diet Coke,diet Pepsi,diet pills,no-fat diet,vegetable diet We are surrounded by the word“diet”everywhere we look and listen.We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us.We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically（身体上）.Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically.On one level,we are not allowing our brain to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight,but in controlling the consumption of fatty,high-calorie,unhealthy foods.Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale（秤）instead.All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word“diet”in food labels.On another level,diet products have greater psychological effects.Every time we have a zero-calorie drink,we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we dont have to work to get results.Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain,and that life can be without resistance and struggle.The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us,but also in the physical harm that they cause.Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients(营养成分).Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products.Diet products may not be nutritional,and the chemical that go into diet products are potentially dangerous.Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us,it is time to seriously think about buying them.Losing weight lies in the power of minds,not in the power of chemicals.Once we realize this,we will be much better able to resist diet products,and therefore prevent the psychological harm that comes from using them.（2008年北京卷）The Diet Zone:A Dangerous Place Diet Coke,diet Pepsi,diet pills,no-fat diet,vegetable diet We are surrounded by the word“diet”everywhere we look and listen.We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us.We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically（身体上）.Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically.On one level,On another level,diet products have greater psychological effects.The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us,but also in the physical harm that they cause.Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us,it is time to seriously think about buying them.Losing weight lies in the power of minds,not in the power of chemicals.Once we realize this,we will be much better able to resist diet products,and therefore prevent the psychological harm that comes from using them.CC总结1.画下关键词2.篇章主干 首段，各段第一句，末段 3.找出篇章结构