中考英语必考知识点.doc

1冠词 a /an /the
1.He gave my sister ＿＿＿＿useful book yesterday.
A. an B. a　 C. / D the
2.My brother is＿＿ honest boy， so he has many friends.
A. a B. an C. the D /
3.There is a big tree＿＿＿＿ the house.
A. in the front of 　　B. in front of 　　C. in front 　　D. at class
4.Jim always answers the teacher’s questions _______.
 A. in class B. in the class 　　C. after class D. at class
2. “other"  "others" "another" "the other"怎么区别和怎么用？
other：(三者及其以上）形容词，其他的，后面修饰名词的复数形式。
Some students are  playing basketball, other students  are playing tennis..
any other加单数名词
others ：(三者及其以上）代词，其他的（人或事），相当于other +名词。如：
Some students are playing football, others are playing basketball. (others=other students)
another：（三者及其以上）形容词，额外的，另外的(不包括前面所讲的内容)。如：
 To finish the work, we need another two hours.(要完成这项工作，我们还需要（在原来基础上增加） 两个小时。)
the other （两者/两部分）另一个 。代词，另一个（人或物），常与one 连用。如：
There are two apples. One is green, the other is red
1) Will you show me ____? I don’t like it’s colour.
2) She has two computers. One is IBM PC 386 and ____ is IBM PC 586.
3) Tom runs faster than any ____ student in his class.
4) The students have English, Chinese, maths, biology and many subjects.
5) Why are only three of you here in the classroom? Where are ______?
6) My classmates come from different parts of the country. Some come from Shanghai, some from Tianjin and _ from Beijing.
3常考的不可数名词
information，knowledge，furniture, luggage，clothing, equipment，homework，housework, news, paper, mathematics, economics, food, money, water , difficulty, cloud, rain…
I remember on that day______ come one after another to our family. it really surprised all of us.
A.good pieces of news B.pieces of good news
C.a good piece of news D.a piece of good news
4.常考可数名词复数
不规则变化：child---children　foot---feet　tooth---teeth goose-geese mouse---mice　man---men　woman---women　German---Germans
以o结尾的 hero---heroes, potato----potatoes, tomato--- tomatoes photo-photos.
以f/fe结尾的 life---- lives leaf----- leaves wife---wives cuff--- cuffs
5.修饰可数名词和不可数名词的词。
既可以修饰可数名词，有可以修饰不可名词的词有
Some 、any、enough, a lot of， lots of、 plenty of、 a large quantity of 、large quantities of. 　
只能修饰可数名词表示“许多、大量”之意的词有many, a good/great many (of) , a (large) number of ，dozens of， few, a few等。
只能修饰不可数名词的有a great deal of , a large amount of , much, little, a little等。
但若肯定句中有too, so, as, very或how 等词修饰时,则必须使用 many, much。例如: 
The number of the people who lost their homes reached as many as 250,000. 
无家可归的人数多达250,000人。 
There is too much work to do.  要做的工作太多了。
6.形容词/副词.
考点一：对形容词、副词基本概念的考查
例1─Is the physics problem _____? ─Yes, I can work it out _____.
A. easy; easily B. easy; easy C. easily; easy D. easily; easily
[中考链接]
1. Sam likes music very much. He lives _____, but he never feels _____.
A. alone, lonely B. alone, alone C. lonely, alone D. lonely, lonely
2. This kind of shirt looks _____, and sells _____.
A. nice, well B. well, nice C. good, good D. well, well
3. Drinking milk can keep us _____.
A. health B. healthy C. healthily D. to be healthy
考点二：对形容词、副词原级的考查
例2 Lucy writes as _____ as Lily. They are both good students.
A. careful B. carefully C. more careful D. most carefully
此题考查学生对形容词、副词原级的掌握情况。当形容词、副词前有as, so, too, very, quite等词时，一般用它们的原级形式。
[中考链接]
4. The horse is old and can not run _____ it did.
A. as faster as B. so fast than C. as fast as
5. Johnny doesn’t sing quite ___ the other boys and girls in his class.
A. as well as B. as good like C. as well like D. so good as
6. Your sister isn’t so ___ as usual. You should take her to see a doctor.
A. well B. better C. badly D. worse
考点三：对形容词、副词比较级的考查
例3 . 30,000 dollars is a lot of money, but it’s _____ than we need.
A. far more B. very much C. far less D. very little
当形容词、副词前有much, even, a little, far等副词修饰，特别是后面有than时，应该用形容词或副词的比较级形式。同时，还应记住由比较级构成的两个特殊句型：“比较级+and+比较级”，表示“越来越……”；“the +比较级，the +比较级”，表示“越……越……”如：The days are getting longer and longer in spring. The more we read, the more we get.
[中考链接]
7. In our city, it’s _____ in July, but it is even _____ in August.
A. hotter, hottest B. hot, hot C. hotter, hot D. hot, hotter
8. ─This digital camera is really cheap.
─The _____, the better. I’m short of money, you see.
A. cheap B. cheaper C. expensive D. more expensive
9. Now the air in our hometown is _____ than it was before. Something must be done.
A. much better B. more worse C. more better D. much worse
10. It’s summer now. It’s getting ___.
A. hotter and hotter B. wetter and wetter
C. warmer and warmer D. colder and colder
考点四：对形容词、副词最高级的考查
例4 I think Yao Ming, the famous basketball player, will be _____ new star in NBA.
A. hot B. hotter C. hottest D. the hottest
在in, of引导的表示“三者或三者以上”的句子中，在who, which等引导的特殊疑问句,且后面有or连接的三个或三个以上的并列成分的句子中，常用形容词或副词的最高级。同时，还应注意“be +one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词（复数）+ 范围”句型，意为“……是最……的之一”，如：
Li Ming is the tallest one in our class.
Which is the most difficult subject, English, maths or Chinese?
Miss Zhao is one of the most popular teachers in our school.
同时要注意，形容词最高级前一般要用定冠词the，而副词最高级前面的定冠词the可以省略。
[中考链接]
11. Mary has three brothers. Smith is _____ of the three.
A. most tall B. the tallest C. taller D. the taller
12. The Yellow River is the second ____ river in our country.
A. the longest B. longest C. longer D. long
13. Lin Tao jumped ____ in the long jump in the sports meeting.
A. far B. farther C. farthest D. quite far
14. “What animal do you like _____?” “I like all kinds of animals.”
A. better B. best C. very D. well
考点五:其它:
1.复合不定代词，定语后置 something interesting, nothing special
2.enough 的位置 adj./ adv. + enough old enough, beautiful enough
3.多个形容词做定语顺序排列。“抽大高，老形色“。
7.情态动词
情态动词must, have to, need在中考中的常考点
★must的肯定形式意为“必须”、“应该”， 否定形式must not/mustn’t表示“不应该、不许可、不准、禁止”。
1. —May I go to the party? —Certainly. But you _____ be back by ten o’clock.
A. can B. may C. must D. need
2. —Xiao Hai, you ________ do it again.—Sorry, I ________ do it again.
A. needn’t; can’t B. mustn’t;won’t C. can’t;will
3. —I really like playing computer games!
— I’m afraid you ________stop, for your study and your health.
A. can B. will C. may D. must
4. —I didn’t pass the math test. I think I have spent too much time playing computer games recently.
—I agree. You ________ play like that any more.
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. may not D. wouldn’t
5. It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack ________ be back home at this moment.
A. must B. need C. could D. can
6. —Jill looks so painful, there ________ be something wrong with her.
—Oh dear! We’d better take her to the nearest hospital at once.
A. can B. should C. would D. must
7 . — That T—shirt with Yao Mao Ming’s picture on it ________ belong to David. He admires him a lot.
— No, it ________ be his. He hates black color.
A. can; can’t B. may; needn’t C. must; mustn’t D. must; can’t
8 . —Must I finish the work today, Mom? —No, you ____. You can finish it tomorrow.
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
9. — Must we water the flowers today? — No, You ________. You can do it tomorrow.
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. don’t have to D. may not
10. It’s too late, I ________ leave now.
A. may B. can C. have to D. will
11. When traffic lights are red, we ________ stop and wait.
A. may B. can C. must D. might
12. —Can you come to have dinner with me this evening?
—I’m afraid not. I ________ take care of my grandmother. She is ill.
A. can’t B. have to C. may D. could
13. — Must I park my car behind the building? — No, you ____. You ___ park it here.
A. mustn’t; may B. may not; must
C. don’t have to; may D. shouldn’t; must
14. You ________ be tired after working for eight hours without a rest.
A. can B. may C. must D. need
15. —Let’s go to the supermarket by taxi. —We ____ take a taxi. It is not far from here.
A. can’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t
8．非谓语动词常考考点。
do ------ you’d better do， why not do= why don’t you do , let/make sb. do , would rather do
to do---- want sb. to do，ask sb. to do，tell sb. to do，I’m sorry to do., would like to do,
prefer to do rather than do
doing----enjoy, finish, practise, mind, keep, suggest, consider, prefer. doing to doing,
look forward to….., spend…., feel like, admit, deny, admit, miss, quit, regret…，keep on, give up. , worth, can’t help , about (介词)
考点一：V-ing形式作宾语
(一)作动词的宾语
英语中有些动词后要用V-ing形式作宾语，在初中阶段学过的常见的动词有：enjoy, finish, mind, keep(on), practise, consider, suggest, miss等。这些动词后面只能接V-ing形式作宾语，而不能接不定式作宾语。例如：
　　I enjoy learning about new things. 我喜欢了解新事物。
　　Would you mind calling back some time tomorrow? 请你明天给我回电话好吗？
　　I have finished writing the composition. 我已经写完了作文。
　　I am sorry I missed seeing you while you were in Beijing. 很遗憾在北京时我没有见到你。
　　They decided to keep trying. 他们决定继续试验。
【典型试题】
1.---It's too hot. Would you mind_________the door? ---_________. Please do it.
A. to open; OK B. opening; Certainly not C. opening; Of course D. to open; Good idea
2. Miss Zhang likes the students_________books in the reading room, and she herself enjoys_________books.
A. to read; to read B. read; reading
C. reading; reading D. to read; reading
3. Lily finished_________the book yesterday.
A. read B. reading C. to read D. reads
4. No matter how hard it is, we'll keep_________until we make it.
A. failed B. failing C. tried D. trying
5. ---How can I improve my spoken English?
　---You have to practise_________as much as possible.
　A. speak B. speaking 　C. spoken D. to speak
(二)作介词的宾语
V-ing形式作介词宾语的情况很多，常常在某些固定短语之后。例如：
She is afraid of going out alone at night. 她害怕晚上单独外出。
The children are fond of reading storybooks. 儿童喜欢看故事书。
I am proud of having a friend like you. 我为有你这样的朋友感到骄傲。
Are you interested in going to the show? 你有兴趣去看演出吗？
He succeeded in solving the problem. 他终于把问题解决了。
【典型试题】
1. Lucy is interested in_________.
A. listen to music B. listening music C. flying kites D. read books
2. ---Thank you for_________the ruler from the floor for me.---That's all right
A. playing for B. playing with C. pointing to D. picking up
考点二：V-ing形式作宾语补足语
在某些感官动词如see, watch, notice, hear, feel, find等和某些使役动词如keep, leave等后可用V-ing形式作宾语补足语。例如：
I saw them forcing the door open with a hammer. 我看见他们用锤子强行把门砸开。
I heard her singing in the room when I passed by. 我经过时听见她在房间里唱歌。
I'm sorry to keep you waiting. 对不起，让你久等了。
We felt the house shaking. 我们感到房子在摇晃。
Maybe you'll find him waiting for you at the gate. 也许你会发现他在门口等你。
【典型试题】
1. The young lady watched her daughter_________ a yoyo yesterday afternoon.
　　A. to play with B. playing with　C. to play D. plays
2. A policeman saw two thieves_________a girl's mobile phone on a bus and he caught them at once.
A. to steal B. stealing C. stole D. stolen
考点三：V-ing形式的固定搭配
V-ing形式常常用于下列固定搭配中：be busy (in) doing sth. (忙于做某事)，spend some time (in) doing sth. (花费时间做某事)，stop / prevent sb. from doing sth. (阻止某人做某事)，feel like doing sth.(意欲做某事)，can't help doing sth.(禁不住做某事)，have fun doing sth.(很高兴做某事)，have difficulty (in) doing sth. (做某事有困难)等。例如：
She couldn't help crying when she heard the news. 她听到这个消息时忍不住哭了。
I don't feel like eating anything at the moment. 现在我不想吃东西。
We are busy preparing for the final exam. 我们正忙于准备期末考试。
Nobody can stop us from going there. 谁也不能阻止我们去那里。
【典型试题】
1. We must do something to stop people from_________.
A. to throw litter about 　B. to throw litter into
C. throwing litter about 　D. throwing litter into
2. ---What are you busy_________these days?---Nothing much.　 　
A. do B. doing C. to do D. done
3. It was very late. She stopped the children from_________TV.
　A. watches B. to watch C. watched D. watching
4. He has caught a bad cold, and he doesn't feel like_________.
　A. to eat B. eating C. eats D. ate
5. Now more and more people are busy_________ about the Internet.
　A. learn B. to learn 　C. learning D learned
考点四：V-ing形式与不定式的区别
(一)stop, go on后接V-ing形式与不定式时的区别
在stop, go on后可接V-ing形式，也可接动词不定式，但意义差别很大。stop doing sth.表示"停止做某事"，V-ing形式作stop的宾语；stop to do sth.表示"停下来去做另一件事"，不定式是stop的目的状语。go on doing sth.表示"继续做同一件事"，go on to do sth.表示"接着做另一件事"。例如：
The doctor told him to stop smoking. 医生要他戒烟。
He stopped to smoke a cigarette. 他停下来抽烟。
He went on studying and finally received his doctor's degree. 他继续学习，最后取得了博士学位。
After reading the text, he went on to do his homework. 读完课文后，他接着做作业。
【典型试题】
1. If you don't feel well, you may just_________
　A. stopped reading B. stop reading C. stopped to read D. stop to read
2. Stop_________so much noise! My father is sleeping.
　　A. to make B. making C. to hear D. hearing
3. ---Let's have a rest, shall we?---Not now. I don't want to stop_________the letter yet.
　　A. write B. to write C. writing D. and write
4. Mr. Brown asked us to stop_________, and we stopped ______ to him at once.
A. talking; to listen B. to talk; to listen 　C. talking; listening D. talk; listen
(二)V-ing形式与动词不定式作宾语补足语时的区别
在see, watch, notice, hear, feel等动词后，既可用V-ing形式作宾语补足语，也可用不定式作宾语补足语，但在用法上有区别。用V-ing作宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行，即动作处于发生的过程中，还没有结束；用不定式作宾语补足语，表示动作发生了，即动作全过程结束了。例如：
　　I saw the girl getting on the bus. 我看见那个女孩在上公共汽车。
　　I saw the girl get on the bus and left. 我看见那个女孩上了公共汽车走了。
　　Do you hear her singing an English song? 她在唱一首英语歌曲，你听见了吗？
　　I heard her sing an English song. 我听到她唱了一首英语歌曲。
　　【典型试题】
1. ---Tom, have you seen your brother?
　---Oh. I saw him_________basketball on the playground on my way home
A. play B. plays C. playing　D. played
2. When I was walking in the street, I saw a plane_________over my head.　　
A. flies B. flying C. flew D. to fly
中考实战演练：
1. Would you mind_________me how_________ English words?
A. tell; to remember B. telling; remember C. telling; to remember D. tell; remember
2. He finished_________the book yesterday evening
A. seeing B. watching C. reading D. looking
3. Stop_________so much noise! Father is working at the desk
A. to make B. making 　C. to hear D. hearing
4. At last the child stopped_________and listened to the music.
A. to cry B. crying C. cry
5. It kept_________for 3 days A. on raining B. to rain C. rained
6. I am feeling cold. Would you mind_________the window?
A. open B. close C. opening D. closing
7. Every day I spend two hours_________my homework.
A. finishing to do B. finishing doing C. to finish to do D. to finish doing
8. You must be very tired. Why not_________a rest?
A. to stop to have B. to stop having C. stop to have D. stop having
9. ---Are you enjoying_________in Ningbo? ---Yes, we are. Very much.
A. to live B. living C. lives D. lived
10. Last term Mary spent a lot of time_________me with my lessons.
A. help B. helps C. to help D. helping
9．　短语辨析
put on , pu