高考英语虚拟语气及虚拟语气练习一.doc

济南新东方学校VIP学习中心UNIT 17 虚拟语气强化训练11Were it not for the snowy weather, we _all right. A. would be B. would have been C. were D. may be 2._ more careful, his ship would not have sunk. A. If the captain were B. Had the captain been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 3. If he _me tomorrow, I would let him know. A. should call B. should not have been able C. were not able D. are not able 4. If you asked your father，you _permission. A. may get B. might get C. should have called D. maybe get 5. _today, he would get there by Friday. A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving C. Were he to leave D. If he leaves 6. _I you, I would go with him to the party. A. Was B. Had been C. Will be D. Were 7.The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, _all practical value by the time they were finished. A. could lose B. would have lost C. might lose D. ought to have lost 8. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he_ our chairman now. A. must have been B. would have been C. were D. would be 9. If you _ Jerry Brown until recently, youd think the photograph on the right was strange. A. shouldnt contact B. didnt contact C. werent to contact D. hadnt contacted 10. _the English examination, I would have gone to the concert last Sunday A. In spite of ： 尽管 B. But for ：要不是因为 C. Because of ：因为 D. As for ：对。而言11. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _your advice .A. follow B. would follow C. had followed D. have followed 12. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he_ our chairman now. A. must have been B. would have been C. were D.would be13. If the horse won today, it_ thirty races in five years. A. would have won B. won C. must have won D. did have won 14. There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, _a sudden loud noise. A. being there B. should there be C. there was D. there having been 15. The board deemed 认为 相信 it urgent 紧急 that these files_ right away. A. had to be printed B. should have been printed C. must be printed D. should be printed 16. Jean Wagners most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it _in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference. A. is to be analyzed B. has been analyzed C. be analyzed D. should have been analyzed 17. I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I _fully occupied the whole of last week. A. were B. had been C. have been D. was 18. I apologize if I_you, but I assure you it was unintentional. A. offend B. had offended C. should have offended D. might have offended 19. If you hadnt taken such a long time to get dressed, wed _there by now. A. be B. circles C. is circling D. be circling 20. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun _round the earth. A. were circling B. circles C. is circling D. be circling 21. I wish that I _ with you last night. A. went B. have gone C. could go D. could have gone 22. I wish I_ with her. A. would be B. am C. was D. were 23. I wish that I_ the concert last night. A. could B. have attended C. could have attended D. attended 24. The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I_ to it. A. had not gone B. have not gone C. did not go D. can not have gone 25. I wish you _me to put these things away, he said. A. will help B. help C. are helping D. would help 26. If the Watergate Incident_, Nixon would not have resigned from the presidency. A. did not occur B. had not occurred C. was not occurring D. be circling 27. I hadnt expected James to apologize but I had hoped _. A. him calling me B. that he would call me C. him to call me D. that he call me 28. George would certainly have attended the proceedings _. A. if he didnt get a flat tire B. if the flat tire hadnt happened C. had he not had a flat tire D. had the tire not flattened itself 29. The teacher suggested that her students_ experiences with ESP. A. write a composition on their B. to write composition about the C. wrote some compositions of his or her D. had written any compositions for his 30. He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he _a Chinese. A. were B. had been C. is D. has been 31. As usual, he put on a show as though his trip_ a great success. A. had been B. has been C. were D. was 32. Looking round the town, he felt as though he _away for ages. A. has been B. was C. is D. had been 33. John is so strongly built that he looks as if he_ as elephant. A. lifts B. is lifting C. lifted D. could lift 34. He described the town as if he_ it himself. A. had seen B. has seen C. saw D. sees 35. At that thought he shook himself, as though he_ from an evil dream. A. woke B. wakes C. would wake D. had woke 36. Most insurance agents would rather you _anything about collecting claims until they investigate the situation. A. do B. dont C. didnt D. didnt do 37. Although most adopted persons want the right to know who their natural parents are, some who have found them wish that they_ the experience of meeting. A. hadnt B. didnt have had C. hadnt had D. hadnt have 38. It is important that the TOEFL office _your registration. A. will confirm B. confirm C. confirms D. must confirm 39. Without electronic computers, much of todays advanced technology_ . A. will not have been achieved B. have not been achieved C. would not have been achieved D. had not been achieved 40. He told her to return the book in time so that others _a chance to read it . A. may have B. will have C. would have D. might have 41. It is time that the government _measures to protect the rare birds and animals. A. takes B. took C. has taken D. taking bg42. Some people are too particular about school records, insisting that every applicant _all diplomas from elementary school to university. A. has B. will have C. should have D. must have 43. He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he_ to the meeting. A. would come B. came C. would have come D. had come 44. I must say he reads very well, and I shouldnt be surprised if he_ acting for a living one day. A. had taken up B. takes up C. have taken up D. would have taken up 45. If I had seen the movie, I_ you all about it now. A. would tell B. will tell C. have told D. would have told 46. I hadnt expected Henry to apologize but I had hoped . A. him t call me up B. him calling me up C. that he would call me up D. that he will call me 47. I had hoped that John _a year in Africa, but he stayed there only for three months. A. spends B. spent C. would spend D. will spend 48. I had hoped that Jennifer a doctor, but she wasnt good enough at science. A. will become B. became C. would become D. becomes 49. Id rather you anything about it for the time being. A. do B. didnt do C. dont D. didnt 50. Id just as soon_ rudely to her. A. that you wont speak B. you not speaking C. you not speak D. you didnt speak 51. Its high time they this road. A. mend B. mended C. must have mended D. will mend 52. Its about time people_ notice of what women did during the war. A. take B. took C. have taken D. will take 53. Everybody has arrived. Its time we the class. A. shall start B. would start C. had started D. start 54. the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday. A. In spite of B. But for C. Because of D. As for 55. Mary my letter; otherwise she would have replied before now. A. has received B. ought to have received C. couldnt have received D. shouldnt have received 56. John did not feel well yesterday; otherwise he _to see his classmates off. A. came B. would come C. would have come D. should be coming 57. Hes working hard for fear that he . A. should fall behind B. fell behind C. may fall behind D. would fall behind 58. Without the dreams of the youth, this invention might for a century. A. have been postponed B. has been postponed C. postpone D. be postponed 59. In the past men generally preferred that their wives_ in the home. A. worked B. would work C. work D. were working 60. For a child to give up his less mature idea for a more mature one, it requires that the child psychologically ready for the new idea. A. is B. were C. be D. would be 61. Toms father, as well as his mother, in New York for a few days more. A. ask him to stay B. ask he to stay C. asks he stays D. asks he stay 62. Your advice that_ till next week is reasonable. A. she waits B. she wait C. wait she D. she waited 63. The board deemed it urgent that these files right away. A. had to be printed B. should have been printed C. must be printed D. should be printed 64. It was essential that we lease before the end of the month. A. sing B. singed C. had signed D. were signing 65. It is appropriate that some time _thorough study of the results of the Apollo mission. A. devotes to B. devoted to C. is devoted to D. be devoted to 答案与详解 1A条件句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟。 2B条件句表示与过去事实的虚拟。 3A条件句表示与未来事实的虚拟。 4B条件句表示与未来事实的相反。 5C条件句表示与现在事实的虚拟。 6D条件句表示与现在事实的虚拟。 7 B这个句子中含有一个省略if，把助动词提前到主语they之前的虚拟条件句，该条件句表示对过去情况的假设，而主句中by the time they were finished 表明主句也应该是对过去发生的情况的假设，因而应该选（B）would have lost为正确答案。 8 （D）这道题目是一个混合虚拟语气的句子。条件句省略了if，把助词had提前到主语前面，表示对过去情况的假设，而主句中now表明了对现在情况的假 设，所以应选would(should, could, might)+动词原形这种表达形式。四个选项中只有（D）是正确表达形式，故为正确答案。 9（D）until recently，因此（D）是正确答案，而主句是隐含的对现在情况的假设，该句是一个混合虚拟条件句。 10 （B）假设的情况有时不是用一个条件句表示，而是隐含在一个由介词如but for、but that、without, 由连词but、副词otherwise 、比较级、形容词、独立主格等表示的上下文中。本句主句表示对过去情况的假设，但事实上由于英语考试而没有去成，即若不是因为英语考试，我本可以去听音乐 会，所以应选But for为正确答案。 11（C）题目中的第一句话表示的是现在真实的情况，而第二句话中所要表达的是应该做但事实上没有做的事，这种情况导致第一句话中真实情况的发生，故If only条件句假设的是过去一种情况，因此应该用had +过去分词，所以正确答案是（C）。 12D注意主句now表示现在的时间状语，所以主句是对现在虚拟，从句是对过去虚拟。 13A从句对过去的虚拟。 14B从句表示虚拟，而主句是事实。 15（D）it是形式宾语，urgent是宾语补足语，that引导的从句是真正的宾语从句，该从句的内容被认为是urgent（急迫的），这样从句的谓语动词要求用虚拟语气形式，即should（可以省略）+动词原形。因此，本题正确答案是（D）。 16（C）在表示要求、愿望、建议、请求、命令等含义的名词同位语从句中，从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气形式，即should(可以省略)+动词原形。 17（D）本道题目的前半句话是对过去情况的一种假设，但事实上并没有发生，而事实上没有发生的真实原因是句子的后半部分由but引导的转折句所表述的真实。因而but所引导的句子中应该用表示志过去事实相符合的表陈述的时态，即一般过去时。 18 （B）此题要求在if从句中选择适当的动词形式，以主句中的动词apologize(抱歉)来看，if从句中表达的内容应该是过去做的事，因此可以排除 （A），因为（A）是现在时。（C）中should+have+过去分词结构表示本来应该做却没有做的事，在此不合题意。（D）选项中的might+ have+过去分词表示对过去发生的事情很不肯定的猜测，它表达的内容还不能成为事实，所以藉此道歉真是不知从何说起，因此此处也不合题意。（B）had offended表示当时已经发生了的动作。这是复杂条件句：apologize 是现在，而条件句是表示对过去假设的条件句。 19（A）该句也是一个复杂条件句（或称作混合虚拟条件句）。条件句表示对过去情况的假设，而主句表示对现在情况的假设，但事实上却与此相反，所以正确答案应该是（A）。 20（A）as if引导的从句要求用虚拟语气，表示同时或将来的情况，动词要用过去式（be动词用were）或would(could等)+动词原形，本句话中指的是当时的情况，所以要用过去式，故（A）是正确答案。 21D 22D 23C 24A 25D 26（B）had not occurred表示对过去的虚拟，条件句中要用过去完成式，主句中要用should(would, could, might)+动词原形的过去分词。 27（B）had hoped是常见的要求其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气的句型,虚拟语气would+动词原形。 28（C）表示对过去情况的假设，主句动词形式为would(should, could, might)+have+过去分词，条件句为过去完成式，if可以省略，但要把had提前主语前面。（B），（D）的表达不符合英语表达习惯，所以（C）是正确答案。 29（A）suggest后面的从句要用虚拟语气形式，其形式为should（可以省略）+动词原形。 30A表示与现在相反的虚拟。 31Aas though引导的与过去相反的虚拟。 32Dfelt是过去式，所以该句是由as though引导的与过去相反的虚拟。 33Das if引导的与现在事实相反的虚拟。 34Aas if引导的与过去相反的虚拟。 35C 36（D）would rather后接从句要求用虚拟语气，形式为过去式，表示对现在或将来的假设，或为过去完成式表示对过去的情况的假设。 37（C）who引导的定语从句中的现在完成时表示动作业已发生，所以主句中表示的虚拟是针对已经发生了的行为，所以应该用过去完成式表示对过去的虚拟。 38（B） 39（C）这是一人含蓄虚拟条件句，通过介词短语without,表示潜在的一种假设，而主句中的情况也早已经发生，所以是对过去情况的一种假设，因此用would not have been achieved这一形式。 40（D）连so that引导的从句中要求用虚拟语气，表示一种假设，形式为might+动词原形。 41（B）It is time that是一种要求从句用虚拟语气的常见句型。虚拟语气形式为动词的过去式。 42（C） 43（C）otherwise用来表示一种含蓄的虚拟假设，因为是对过去(yesterday)的情况的假设，所以应该用would have come形式。 44（B）所给的四个选项中没有一个表示对未来的情况的虚拟的形式should+动词原形，或是were to do，因此可以断定if引导的条件句在这里最真实的条件句，用一般现在时表示一般将来时，故（B）是正确答案。 45（A）这是一个混合虚拟语气的句子，if条件句表示的是对过去情况的假设，而主句是对现在（now）的情况的假设，故用would tell形式。 46C 47C 48C 49Bwould rather引导的虚拟语气其谓语用过去式。 50Dwould as soon引导的虚拟语气，其谓语动词也用过去式. 51B 52B 53B 54B 55C注意单词otherwise引导虚拟语气。 56C同上。 57A注意词组for fear that 58A注意without 59C 60C 61D 62B 63D 64A 65D高考英语虚拟语气及虚拟语气练习一1 一些常见的虚拟语气的句型或结构。 2虚拟语气的特殊形式，即用来表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟形式。 3主从句表示不同的时间概念、事实或假设情况，从而交错成为复合虚拟语气。 4含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气的表示愿望的虚拟形式。 上 述四个要点往往在完形填空或者阅读理解里面存在，尤其是每年完形填空都至少有一道直接考这方面的知识的题目，而在阅读理解里，我们掌握上述四个重点对于我 们理解文章的大意和作者态度很有帮助，了解哪些观点是作者假设的、虚拟的，哪些是真实的，这样对于我们回答关于作者态度观点题很有帮助。 下面我们将主要从上述四个方面来重点论述在考试中应该注意的问题。 一、虚拟语气的常见类型和句型 （1）由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气 A用wish表示对现在的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：过去式（be动词用were）。 B用wish表示对将来的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：would, could, might+ 动词原形。 Cwish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时，宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为：had+动词过去分词或could, would + have +动词过去分词。 The picture exhibition bored me to death; I wish I had not gone to it. -I let Joe borrow our radio for the afternoon. -Thats all right, but I wish he would buy one of his own. I wish that he werent so lazy. (2)had hoped引起的宾语从句中备用语动词形式为would+动词原形，表示一种过去未实现的愿望或令人失望的事。 His father had hoped that his son would go to business with him, but his son became an artist later. (3)would (had) rather, would as soon, would sooner和would prefer所引起的从句中要求用过去式表示当时或将来的情况，用过去完成时表示过去的情况，表示希望或婉转的责备。例如： Id rather you posted the letter right away. 我倒希望你把这封信立刻寄出去。 I would prefer he didnt stay there too long.我倒希望他不要在那儿可得太久。 I would just as soon you had returned the book yesterday.我真希望你昨天把这本书还了。 （4）Its (high, about) time that 句型中that从句中要求用虚拟语气形式，即动词要用过去式。 Its time that something was done about the traffic problem downtown. It is high time that we put an end to this discussion.现在是我们该结束讲座的时候了。 （5）as, 或者whetheror谓语多用be的原形，引导让步虚拟从句，这种用法通常采用倒装结构： Church as we use the word refers to all religious institutions, be they Christian, Islamivc, Buddhist, Jewish, and so on. The business of each day, be it selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly. （6）由连接词in case, so that ,unless, lest ,for fear that引起的状语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟形式，即should(might, would)+动词原形，例如： She put a blanket over the baby for fear that he should catch cold. 她在那个婴儿身上盖上了毯子以免他着凉。 The bad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself. (7) if it were not for与现在事实相反， if it had not been for与过去事实相反，两个都相当于but for： If it had not been for his help(=but for his help),we would not have succeeded. (8) 虚拟语气用于as if（though）引起的方式状语从句和表语从句中，其动词形式与wish宾语从句的形式相同。例如：She often laughs spontaneously, and her good humor breaks out as brightly as if it were a part of the sunshine above.她常常发出发自内心的微笑，而且她那美好的情绪像天上一道明亮的阳光一样，常常流露出来。 They talked