高中英语常考「词组、句型」整理.docx

一、全国卷I   常考词句
1. 【A篇】Lockers are available to store any belongings during your visit.  游览过程中，有寄物柜可存放财物。
2. 【A篇】Pusherchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. 在服务台与Denny入口处可租到推椅和轮椅。
If something you want or need is available, you can find it or obtain it. 能找到的；可获得的 
Tickets are available free of charge from the school.
学校有免费票。
Someone who is available is not busy and is therefore free to talk to you or to do a particular task.有空的;有暇的 
Will she be available this afternoon?
今天下午她有空吗？
Sth. be available(可使用)后接不定式时,若句子主语与该不定式有动宾关系,则该不定式可用主动式也可用被动式：
These cups are available to use [to be used]. 
这些茶杯可供使用。
sth is available to sb "对于某人某物是可得到",to 后面的sb是可以得到sth.
The goal is to make higher education available to everyone.
目的是使每个人受到更高的教育。
I hope that higher education is available to everyone.
我希望每个人能受到更高的教育。
用作定语修饰名词时，可置于名词之前或之后。
Please send me all the tickets available.
请把所有现有的票给我送来。
 3. 【A篇】It's an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. 这是一个了不起的成就，是一个在个人、社团以及其它社会机构的慷慨支持下取得的成就。
We cannot do sth without..."没有...我们不能做..."
We cannot survive without water.
4. 【A篇】feed your mind 充实你的思想
be located (in)... 位于...
have a passion for... 酷爱...
with great passion 热情洋溢地
5. 【B篇】A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all.  这的确是一个紧张的夜晚，但是有时自然之灵向我们露出了微笑(以示赞许)。
to be sure "诚然；的确" 插入语。原句是 It's a nervous night, to be sure.
smile on/upon比喻用法，指赞同、祝福、好运降临; 向…微笑,对…加以赞许等。
Good fortune smiled on our efforts, and our plan succeeded.
好运对我们的努力露出了微笑，我们的计划成功了。
Fate has smiled upon me at last! 
终于，好运对我露出了微笑。
Fortune will not be always smile on you.
好运不会总是降临在你身上。
smile to sb 距离较远，双方不便交谈，向某人微笑示意。
He smiles to me really sweetly it made my heart leap. 
smile at sb 通常是在面对面情况下"对/冲某人微笑"。
He smiled at me before he died.
6.【B篇】If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. 如果我能找到鸟窝，我就可以将它回去，但是没有这么幸运。
but no luck=but had no luck=but with no luck
I've just been to the library but had no luck at all. 
我刚刚去过图书馆，但是徒劳无功。
I tried an employment agency and answered some ads, but no luck.
我试过雇员中介机构，也应征过一些广告，但是，运气不佳。
7.【C篇】Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations. 但是，尽管在美国举行庆祝活动，爵士乐观众继续减少且年龄越来越大，并且这种音乐已经不能与年青一代产生共鸣。
shrink=become smaller 收缩，减少
The vast forests of West Africa have shrunk in the past few decades.
在过去几十年里，西非的大片森林面积已缩小了。
connect with sb 与...有交流;联系
If you stand on stage and share your view of the world, people will connect with you.
如果你站在舞台上，分享自己对世界的看法，人们会与你产生共鸣的。 
8.【C篇】As the Kennedy Center's artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible and preserve its history and culture. 作为肯尼迪中心的爵士艺术顾问，Moran希望扩大爵士听众，使这种音乐更易理解并希望能保护它的历史与文化。
If a place or building is accessible to people, it is easy for them to reach it or get into it. 可进入的
The Centre is easily accessible to the general public...
该中心普通大众可随意进入。
If something is accessible to people, they can easily use it or obtain it.可使用的；可见到的 
Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to children.
药品不应放在儿童容易拿到的地方。
If you describe a book, painting, or other work of art as accessible, you approve of it because it is simple enough for people to understand and appreciate easily.易懂的；易理解的
The aim of the programme is to make science more accessible to young people.
计划的目的是使科学更容易为年轻人所了解。
have [gain, get, obtain] access to... 可接近; 可会见; 可进入; 可使用
Citizens may have free access to the library. 
市民可以自由使用图书馆。
With the pollution of rivers and lakes,it is now becoming more and more difficult for us to have access to drinking water.
随着河流湖泊的污染，现在我们使用饮用水越来越难了。
9.【C篇】What I'm hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and white anymore.  我希望实现的是我们这一代与年轻一代开始重新考虑并理解爵士乐不再是黑白的
If you accomplish something, you succeed in doing it.
If we'd all work together, I think we could accomplish our goal.
只要大家齐心协力，我想我们就能实现目标。
We will manage to accomplish the task in time even though it is difficult. 
纵然任务艰巨，我们也要及时完成。
An accomplishment is an impressive or remarkable thing that is done or achieved after a lot of work 成就；成绩
It was one of the President's greatest accomplishments.
那是总统最伟大的成就之一。
10.【C篇】Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost.  Moran说今天爵士乐的问题之一是音乐的娱乐性已经消失了。
One of the problems with... is that 从句 "...的问题这一是..."
11.【C篇】Those are the things I want to foster.  那是我想促进的东西。
=Those are (what) I want to foster.
foster 促进；培养
The club's aim is to foster better relations within the community.
俱乐部的宗旨是促进团体内部的关系。
12.【D篇】Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it's all but impossible to find natural substitutes. 不幸的是，你须带必要的设备，因为几乎是不可能找到自然替代品。
固定搭配all but..."几乎、差一点"。和almost意思相近。
The party was all but(almost) over when we arrived.
我们到达时,聚会已经快结束了。
13.【D篇】Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up--and out--the side of the hole.然后，放好管子以便管子的一端始终在杯子里，另一头向上通向洞口。
●in place 在对的位置；适当的位置；准备就绪；反义:out of place 不合适;不在应在的位置;
I like to have everything in place.
我喜欢一切都在其适当的位置。
She is used to putting everything in place. 
她习惯放好一切东西。
You'd better put the valuable medals in place.
你最好将贵重的奖牌放好。
In my opinion, your attitude to her is out of place, which will hurt her very much.
依我看来，你对她的态度不妥，这会伤她的感情。

14.【七选五】I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness.  然而，我还是被说服参加了另一个在荒野野营的充满乐趣的假期
●talk sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事
=persuade someone to do something
Mark talked me into joining the club.
马克说服我加入该俱乐部。

15.【七选五】I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping. It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.  我得说我逐渐地喜欢上了野营。毫无疑问，每个人尽早找到回归自然的路。我建议你找到自己的方式。

●come to understand(realize,know...) "开始理解/意识到/了解到..."
Luckily, people have come to realize how harmful pollution is.
可幸的是，人们开始意识到污染是多么的有害。

●It is true that 从句 "诚然;的确;毫无疑问..."
It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry. 
毫无疑问，他在化学上有了一个重要发现。

●in style 在流行的，时尚的--反义：out of style；在方式上，在风格上
This type of dress is now in style. 
这种款式的女装现在很流行。
Great Art, on the other hand, is always in style. 
伟大的艺术，从另一角度说，永远风行。
They differ in style.
他们各有各的特色。

16.【完形填空】Little did I know that I would discover my love for ASL. 我根本不知道我会爱上美式手语。

●Little did I know that从句 我根本想不到...
Little did I know that I was easily taken in by his words.
我没有想到我会轻易地被他的话所骗。

●have a great love for sth
对...的热爱
Most students have a great love for music.
多数学生热爱音乐。

17.【完形填空】What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the past. 我看到的完全不同于我过去经历过的。
=What I saw was completely different from what I had experienced in the past.

18.【完形填空】After that, feeling the need to explore further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club's meetings. 那以后，感到需要了解更多，我决定顺便看看其中的一个美式手语俱乐部。

●drop in on sb 顺便拜访某人(=call on sb)；drop in at sp 顺便拜访某地(=call at sp)。

19.【完形填空】I only learned how to sign the alphabet. Yet instead of being discouraged by my slow progress, I was excited. I then made it a point to attend those meetings and learn all I could. 我只学会了打字母的手势。但是没有受到我缓慢进度的影响，我非常兴奋。然后尽可能参加这些会议并学到了我能学到的所有东西。

●discourage sb from doing 阻止某人做某事 ; 打消某人做某事的念头
His parents tried to discourage him from being an actor.
他的父母试图阻止他当演员。

●make it a point to do sth 特别注意做...;应该；一定
If you normally smoke after meals, make it a point to do something else after you eat, like read or call a friend.  
如果你通常饭后吸烟，那就特别注意在饭后做一些其他的事，比如说读书或者跟朋友打电话。

20.【完形填空】I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 我很快意识到这种沉静是令人愉快的。

●表达法：not unpleasant=pleasant.
It is not unusual to do sth.  "...是很平常"
It is not unusual to witness that an increasing number of children are accompanied by parents on their first day in college.
常常会看到越来越多的孩子在上大学的第一天由父母陪伴。

21.【短文改错】I still remember how hard my first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor's orders, but once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. 我仍然记得第一天是多么的艰难。在我上车之前，我想我学会了驾驶教练所有的指令，但是我一起动车子，我的头脑一片空白。我完全地忘了他对我说过的一切。

22.【短文改错】I was so nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. 我如此紧张以致于我几乎分不清那个方向是左边。

二、全国卷II 常考词句

1.【A篇】By translating the rich and humourous text of Love's Labor's Lost into the physical language of BSL, Deafinitely Theater creates a new interpretation of Shakespeare's comedy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing to both groups as one audience.  将丰富而幽默的《爱的徒劳》剧本翻译成BSL肢体语，Deafinitely Theater对莎士比亚的喜剧进行了全新的诠释，目的是通过为听障人士与正常人表演，在两者之间架起沟通的桥梁。

●sb aim to do sth 力求达到...
We aim to finish by Friday. 
我们力争星期五之前完成。 

●Sth be aimed at doing sth 旨在(做)...
The program is aimed at reducing road accidents 
这个计划旨在减少道路事故 

●build a bridge between...and...
=make a better relationship
在...之间架起沟通(联系)的桥梁
The training programme is seen as a bridge between school and work. 
该培训计划被视为衔接学校和职场的桥梁。 
The scheme is aimed at building bridges between the police and the community 
该方案旨在搭建警民联系桥梁。

2.【A篇】Since 1985, they have been recognised as the national theatre of Israel. This production of Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice marks their first visit to the UK.  自从1985年以来，他们被认为是以色列的国家大剧院。莎士比亚的戏剧《威尼斯的商人》标志着首次访问英国。

●be recognized as sth
被认为是...
His novel was eventually recognized as a work of genius. 
他的小说终于被认为是天才之作。

●mark...v.标志(转折点)
These elections mark the end of an era. 
这些选举标志着一个时代的结束。

●mark... 庆祝，纪念〔重要事件〕
=to celebrate an important event 
They held celebrations to mark National Day.  
他们举行活动庆祝国庆节。 

●mark sth with sth 用...庆祝...
Carter's 90th birthday will be marked with a large party at the Hotel. 
卡特90岁生日将在酒店举办盛宴庆贺
Mrs Lawson was presented with a gold watch to mark the occasion.
劳森太太被赠予一块金表作为纪念。

3.【B篇】The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV. We were respectful of craft and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play.  我们之间友谊源于拍摄那部影片以有四年后拍摄The Sting这部影片的经历。这种友谊源于这样的一个事实：尽管年龄不同，我们都有着戏剧与电视直播的传统背景。我们尊重彼此的技艺并注意探寻我们要演出的人物。

●have its roots in... 起源于
Jazz has its roots in the folk songs of the southern states of the US. 
爵士乐起源于美国南部诸州的民歌。

●grow out of... 产生于，源于
His art grew out of his love of nature. 
他的艺术作品源于他对大自然的热爱。

●be respectful of... 尊重...
He was always respectful of my independence. 
他一向尊重我的独立。
They listened in respectful silence. 
他们毕恭毕敬地静听。

●be typical of......是...的特征,特有的
This painting is typical of his work. 
这幅画是他的典型作品。

●stand up for sb/sth  支持; 维护
It's time we stood up for your rights.
该是我们维护自己权利的时候了。

4.【B篇】We shared the belief that if you're fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back...Paul and I didn't see each other all that regularly, but sharing that brought us together.  我们有相同的信念：如果你有幸成功了，你应该付出回报...我与Paul不是经常见面，但是，有相同的信念使我们的关系非常亲近。

●share...共同拥有某种看法﹑特质或经历
--to have the same opinion, quality, or experience as someone else 

●share sb's view / concern / belief  有共同的观点；担心；信念
Other parents share her belief in the importance of reading. 
其他父母和她看法一样，也认为阅读非常重要。 
I believe my view is widely shared. 
我相信我的观点为许多人所认同。 
Many scientists share the same concern. 
许多科学家也表达了同样的担忧

●share sth with sb 与某人有相同的特征
Stubbornness was a characteristic he shared with his mother. 
固执是他和他母亲共有的特征。

●bring...together 使...团结起来，联合起来
Efforts should be made to bring together people of different races.
应该尽力让不同种族的人团结起来。
The advantage is that partners can bring together ideas, talents, and money.
好处是合伙人可以集思广益，聚集人才和资金。

5.【B篇】He and I both knew what the deal was, and we didn't talk about it. Ours was a relationship that didn't need a lot of words. 我和他都知道是怎么回事，可我们不谈这些事。我们的友谊是一种不需要说什么就明白的关系。

●It's a deal. 就这么办
--spoken used to say that you agree to do something

●What's the deal? 
怎么啦？；怎么回事？
--spoken used when you want to know about a problem or something strange that is happening
So what's the deal? Why is he so mad? 
怎么回事？他干吗发这么大火？

6.【C篇】Terrafugia Inc. said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight, bringing the company closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year.  Terrafugia公司于周一宣布它的新型飞行汽车已经完成首飞，这让公司在明年之内销售的目标更近了。

●bring...close to...使...接近...
Sports can not only improve our body and relax our mind, but can also bring us close to nature, and enable us to enjoy our lives fully. 
体育运动不仅提高我们的体质，轻松大脑，而且可以让我们更接近生命的真谛，让我们能够充分享受生活。

7.【C篇】The government has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly. 政府已经允许公司使用特殊材料以使汽车更易飞行。

●make it easier for sb to do sth 
使sb更容易做...
This will make it easier for you to practice some of the English words and expressions you hear. 
这让你更容易练习你听到的一些英语单词与短语。
Computers make it easier for us to communicate with friends. 
电脑使得我们和朋友沟通时更加容易。

8.【C篇】The Transition is now going through crash tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards. 飞行汽车Transition现在正在进行碰撞测试以确保它满足联邦的政府的标准。

●meet a need(demand; requirement; condition...)满足需求/需要/要求/条件等
The company says it is unable to meet the workers' demands for higher wages.
公司称无法满足工人加薪的要求。

●fold up 折叠起来

●put down a deposit (on sth)
=pay a deposit 付订金（购买某物）
We put down a deposit on a house. 
我们支付了买房子的订金。

●Don't expect it to show up in too many driveways.
不要期望它出现在许多车道上。

●make...a reality  使...成为现实

●ambiguous 模棱两可的;含糊的

●favourable 有利的;赞许的

9.【D篇】Young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get.  受到啃咬的小枫树会释放出一种附近树苗会接收到的特殊气味。

●get bitten 构成被动,侧重动作的结果
如：get+ hurt; injured; wounded(受伤); broken; killed; lost(迷路); paid(拿工资); married; burnt; separated(分开/散); drowned(被淹死); caught in(陷入;遭到); damaged(遭到破坏); dressed(穿衣服); repaired; poisoned...
The place is reasonably clean and nobody will get poisoned with the food I give them.
这地方还算干净，吃我做的饭菜没人会中毒。
I can bring my picnic mat so we don't get bitten by ants. 
我可以带我的野餐垫，这样我们就不会被蚂蚁咬了。
The oil is burning. don't come near or you might get burnt. 
油烧起来了。别走近，否则你会被烧着的。

●send out a signal, sound, light, or heat  发出(信号、声音、光、热等) 
The sun sends out light all the time.
太阳一直发光。
When did that ship send out an SOS signal?
那艘船何时发出呼救信号的？
The flowers give out a nice fragrance. 
花儿香气四溢。
Today's microelectronic devices pump out a lot of heat. 
当今的微电子器件们总是排出大量热。 

10.【D