初中英语常用动词词组及短语240个.doc

初中英语常用动词词组及短语240个由be构成的词组1)be back/in/out 回来/在家/外出2)be at home/work 在家/上班3)be good at 善于，擅长于4)be careful of 当心，注意，仔细5)be covered with 被复盖6)be ready for 为作好准备7)be surprised (at) 对感到惊讶8)be interested in 对感到举9)be born 出生10)be on 在进行，在上演， （灯）亮着11)be able to do sth. 能够做12)be afraid of (to do sth. that) 害怕(不敢做，恐怕)13)be angry with sb. 生(某人)的气14)be pleased (with) 对感到高兴(满意)15)be famous for 以而著名16)be strict in (with) (对工作、对人)严格要求 17)be from 来自，什么地方人18)be hungry/thirsty/tired 饿了/渴了/累了19)be worried 担忧20)be (well) worth doing (非常)值得做21)be covered with 被所覆盖22)be in (great) need of (很)需要23)be in trouble 处于困境中24)be glad to do sth. 很高兴做25)be late for 迟到26)be made of (from) 由制成27)be satisfied with 对感到满意28)be free 空闲的，有空29)be (ill) in bed 卧病在床30)be busy doing (with) 忙于做(忙于)由come、do、get、give、go、have、help、keep、make、looke、put、set、send、take、turn、play等动词构成的词组31)come back 回来32)come down 下来33)come in 进入，进来34)come on 快，走吧，跟我来35)come out出来36)come out of 从出来37)come up 上来38)come from 来自39)do ones lessons/homework 做功课/回家作业40)do more speaking/reading 多做口头练习/朗读41)do ones best 尽力42)do some shopping (cooking reading, cleaning)买东西(做饭菜，读点书，大扫除)43)do a good deed (good deeds)做一件好事(做好事)44)do morning exercises 做早操45)do eye exercises 做眼保健操46)do well in 在某方面干得好47)get up 起床48)get everything ready 把一切都准备好49)get ready for (=be ready for) 为作好准备50)get on (well) with 与相处(融洽)51)get back 返回52)get rid of 除掉，去除53)get in 进入，收集54)get on/off 上/下车55)get to 到达 56)get there 到达那里57)give sb. a call 给打电话58)give a talk 作报告59)give a lecture (a piano concert)作讲座(举行钢琴音乐会)60)give back 归还，送回61)givesome advice on 给一些忠告62)give lessons to 给上课63)give in 屈服64)give up 放弃65)give sb. a chance 给一次机会66)give a message to 给一个口信67)go ahead 先走，向前走，去吧，干吧68)go to the cinema 看电影69)go go bed 睡觉(make the bed 整理床铺)70)go to school (college) 上学(上大学)71)go to (the) hospital 去医院看病72)go over 过一遍，复习/ go over to 朝走去 73)go fishing/skating/swimming/shopping 去钩鱼/滑冰/游泳/买东西74)go home (there) 回家去(去那儿)75)go round 顺便去，绕道走76)go up 上去77)go out for a walk 外出散步78)go on (doing) 继续(做)79)go shopping 去购物80)go on with ones work 继续某人的工作81)go upstairs/downstairs 上/下楼82)(the lights) go out (灯)熄了83)have a lesson (lessons)/a meeting 上课/开会84)have a football match (basketball match) 举行一场足球(蓝球)赛85)have dictation 听见86)have a try 试一试87)have a good/wonderful time 玩得很高兴88)have a lecture (a piano concert) 听讲座(听钢琴音乐会)89)have a report (talk) on 听一个关于的报告90)have a glass of water (a cup of tea) 喝一杯水，(一杯茶)91)have breakfast/lunch/supper /dinner吃早饭/午饭/晚饭92)have a meal (three meals) 吃一顿饭(三餐饭)93)have bread and milk for breakfast 早饭吃面包和牛奶94)have (have got) a headache 头痛95)have a fever 发烧96)have a cough (a cold) 咳嗽(感冒)97)have a look (at) 看一看98)have a rest (a break) 休息一会儿(工间或课间休息)99)have a talk 谈话100)have a swim/walk 游泳/散步101)have sports 进行体育锻炼102)have a sports meet (meeting) 开运动会103)have something done 让人(请人)做104)have a test/an exam 测验/考试105)have an idea 有了个主意106)had better do sth. (not do sth.) 最好做(最好不要做)107)have a word with 与谈几句话108)help sb. with sth. 在方面帮助 109)help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助做110)help oneself to some chicken/fish/meat 请随便吃点鸡/鱼/肉111)help each other 互相帮助112)have nothing to do 无事可做113)keep up with 跟上，不落后于114)keep silent/quiet 保持沉默/安静115)keep sb. doing sth. 使一直做116)keep ones diary 记日记117)make a noise (a lot of noise, much noise, noises)吵闹(十分嘈杂，响声)118)make a living 谋生119)make sb. do sth. 迫使某人做120)make faces (a face)做鬼脸121)make friends (with)与交朋友122)make a mistake (mistakes)犯错误123)make room/space for 给腾出地方124)make a sentence (sentences)with 用造句125)make a fire 生火126)be made from/of 由制成127)be made in 在地方制造128)look out of (outside) 往外看(看外面)129)look up a word (in the dictionary) 查字典130)look up 往上看，仰望131)look after 照管，照看，照顾132)look for 寻找133)look like 看上去像134)look fine/well/tired/worried 看起来气色好/健康/疲劳/忧虑135)look out 当心，小心136)look on as 把当作看待137)look around 朝四周看138)look at 看着139)put on 穿上(衣服)，戴上(帽子)，上演(戏剧)140)put up 建造，搭起，挂起，举起，张帖141)put into 使进入，输入142)put ones heart into 全神贯注于143)putdown 把放下144)putinto 把译成145)set up 竖起，建起146)set off 出发，动身147)set out 出发148)set an example for 为树立榜样149)send for 派人去请(叫)150)send out 放出，发出151)end up 把往上送，发射152)take ones advice 听从某人劝告153)take out 拿出，取出154)take down 拿下155)take place 发生156)take ones place 坐的座位，代替某人职务157)take the place of 代替158)take a walk/rest 散步/休息159)take it easy 别紧张160)take sth.with sb. 随身带着161)take sb. to a park/London for ones holidays 带某人去公园/伦敦度假162)take care of 关心，照顾，保管163)take a look (a last look) at 看一看(最后看一眼)164)take an exam 参加考试165)take away 拿走166)take back 收回，带回167)take hold of 抓住168)take off 脱下(衣，帽，鞋等)拿掉169)take (an active) part in (积极)参加(活动) 170)take photos 拍照 171)take some medicine 服药172)take a bus/train, boat/ 乘公共汽车，火车/船173)turn on 开，旋开(电灯，收音机等)174)turn off 关上(电灯，收音机等)175)turn in 交出，上交176)turninto 变成177)turn to 翻到，转向178)turn down (把音量)调低179)turnover 把翻过来180)play basketball 打篮球，football 踢足球，volleyball 打排球 181)play games 做游戏182)play the piano (the violin) 弹钢琴(拉小提琴)183)play with snow 玩雪184)play a joke (on) 对开玩笑由其他动词构成的词组185)think over 仔细考虑186)arrive at/in a place 到达某处187)eat up 吃完，吃光188)do well in 在干得好189)enjoy doing sth. like doing sth. 喜欢做某事 喜欢干某事190)find out 发现，查出(真相等)191)finish off 吃完，喝完192)stop doing sth. 停止做某事193)stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事194)hold a meting 举行会议195)hold up 举起196)hurry up 赶快，快点197)enter for 报名参加198)langht at 嘲笑199)be used to 习惯于200)used to 过去常常201)wakeup 唤醒202)work out 算出 动词短语203)ask for 向要，请求204)ask for leave 请假205)send for 派人去请(叫)206)pay for 付的款207)wait for 等候208)thank for 为感谢209)apologize to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人道歉210)look for 寻找211)leavefor 离开去212)fall off 跌落213)catch cold 着凉，伤风214)catch up with 赶上215)agree with sb. 赞成，同意某人的意见216)filledwith 把装满217)tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人某事218)talk about 谈论219)think about 考虑220)worry about 担忧221)look after 照料222)run after 追赶，跟在后面跑223)read after 跟读224)smile at 对微笑225)knock at 敲(门、窗)226)shout at 对大喊(嚷)227)throw away 扔掉228)work hard at 努力做229)wait in line 排队等候230)changeinto 变成231)hurry into 匆忙进入232)hurry up 快点233)run into 跑进234)hear of 听说235)hear from 收到来信236)think of 认为，考虑237)catch hold of 抓住238)instead of 代替239)hand in 交上来240)stay in bed 卧病在床几组近义动词和动词词组辨析1几个“花费”：spend, take, pay, cost. （1）spend多用人作主语，后接金钱或时间。spend on sth / （in） doing sth， 例如：I spent 15 yuan on this new book. （2）take常用于 It takes sb. some time to do sth 句型中，例如： It often takes me half an hour to go to school by bike every day. （3）pay常与for连用，表“付给款”。例如：I paid 15 Yuan for this new book. （4）cost常用物作主语，表“价值或花费多少钱”，例如：This new book cost me 15 Yuan. 2几个“看”：look, see, watch, read, find （1）look 看，表动作，look at。例如：Please dont look out of the window.（2）see 看见，表结果；也可说看电影“see a film”。例如：His father saw him sitting on some eggs. （3）watch 观看比赛、演出、电视等。（4）read读书看报等文字材料。例如：My father is reading newspaper now.3几个与“看”有关的词或词组：look for, find, find out, look after, take care of, look over, look forward to, （1）look for寻找，表过程；find发现，找到，表结果；find out 找出，查明。例如： I looked for my lost pen everywhere, but couldnt find it anywhere.（2）look after, take care of 均表示“照看，照顾”。（3）look over 检查身体等。（4）look forward to盼望，期待。例如：I am looking forward to your letter. She looks forward to going to visit her grandparents in Dalian.4几个“说”：say, speak, talk, tell （1）say接说话的内容，作及物动词。say sth to sb. 对某人说某事。例如： Did you say goodbye to your granny?（2）speak常指能说某种语言，打电话时常用它表示说话，也有“演讲”的意思，不强调说话的内容。例如： We can speak Chinese and English. May I speak to Henry? He will speak at the meeting tonight.（3）talk多是不及物动词，指交谈、谈论；做名词时有演讲、报告之意。例如： They are talking about their friends now. I will talk to your father about your health next time. Mr. Zhang is going to give us a talk at the meeting.（4）tell的意思是“告诉某人；讲述；吩咐某人做”。多为及物动词，后面多接两个宾语。例如： I will tell him the news as soon as he comes back tomorrow. Granny often tells me funny stories. The policeman told us not to play football in the street again.5几个“穿，戴”：put on, wear, dress, in （1）put on指“穿上、戴上”的意思，强调动作，代词多放在中间。例如： Here is your coat. Put it on, Lucy. He put on his new pair of sunglasses and went out.（2）wear指“穿着，戴着”，表示状态。例如： -“What is she wearing?” - “Shes wearing a red hat and a blue jacket.”（3）dress指“给某人穿衣服”，其宾语多是人。例如： My mother is dressing herself. My little brother is too young. Mom dresses him every morning. dress up 指“穿上盛装，打扮”（4）in 后多接衣服的颜色，表示“穿着颜色衣服的”。例如： The man in black is my father. Have you seen a boy in a red sweater?6几个“到达”：reach, arrive in / at, get to（1）reach是个及物动词，它后面可以直接跟表示地点的名词作宾语。例如：We reached Shanghai at eight on Monday.（2）arrive是个不及物动词，后面接表示地点的名词作宾语时需在宾语前加介词in或at（在国家和较大的城市或地区前用in，较小的地方或单位前用at）。例如： We have already arrived in Shanghai. They arrived at school at 6:30 yesterday.（3）get to 表示到达，多用于口语中。例如：I got to the Capital Cinema at 9:00.注意：当表示到达here, there, home时，arrive或get后不要加介词。例如：When did you get home? When will you arrive there?7几个“带、拿”：bring, take, get, carry （1）bring指将某物或某人从离说话人较远处“拿来”或“带来”。例如：Youd better finish you homework today and bring it to school tomorrow. May I bring Tom along?Bring the book to me, please. （2）take指将某物或某人从离说话人较近处“带到”或“拿到”离说话人较远处。例如：Could you take the book to the classroom? I am busy now. （3）get指从说话人所在位置到别处把某物拿来。例如：Will you get that book for me? （4）carry不强调动作来去的方向，只说明动作方式，表示“背着、扛着、提着、载着”等含义。例如The buses and taxis are carry people here and there. The box is so heavy that the little boy cant carry it.8几个与“听”有关的词或词组：listen to, hear, hear of, hear from （1）listen to 听，表示听的动作。（2）hear 听见，听到。表示结果。例如：I listened to the speaker carefully, but I couldnt hear anything. （3）hear of 听说。例如：Have you heard of this news?（4）hear from收到某人的信息或来信。例如：I heard from my friend in Australia last week.9beat和win （1）beat表示“赢”或“打败”，后面要接被打败的对手。例如：Our football team beat theirs by 3 to 1. （2）win用作及物动词时，后面接的不是被打败的对手，而是比赛本身、游戏、战争、名次等。例如：Our football team won the football game by 3 to 1.10rise和raise （1）rise是不及物动词，表示“上升、提高、增长”等。例如：The sun rises in the east. Our countrys international prestige（国际声望）is rising continually.（2）raise是及物动词，表示“举起、抬起”。He raised his hand picked an apple.11borrow, lend和keep （1）borrow指其逻辑主语从别处或别人那里“借来”东西，常与介词from连用。例如：May I borrow some money from you? You can borrow books from the library. （2）lend指其逻辑主语将东西“借出、借给”别人，常与介词to连用。例如：Could you lend me some money? The library lends books to the students. （3）keep表示“保存”，与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。例如：How long may I keep the book? I have kept the book for 3 weeks.12receive和accept（1）receive的意思是“收到了”，只表示收到某物，并不表明同意或不同意接受的含义。例如：I received a gift from her, but I returned it back to her this morning. （2）accept表示“接受”，“同意接纳”。如接受物体、邀请、批评等。 He received an invitation from her and accepted it happily.13answer与reply（1）answer意为“回答、响应、答复、接听电话”等，多作及物动词。例如：Who can answer my question? I called you, but no one answered the telephone.（2）reply意为“回答、答复”，是不及物动词，后需加介词to, at等再加宾语。例如：He didnt want to reply to my questions.14hope与expect （1）hope指主观上的愿望，但在客观上不一定有实现的可能性，常接that从句、动词不定式或以介词for引出的短语。例如：I hope you will come to see me again when you are 100 years old. Hope for the best and prepare for the worst. （2）expect着重指客观上有可能实现的“期待、期望”等，其后可接名词、代词、动词不定式或that从句。例如：I am expecting that you will come soon. She is expecting a letter from him.15lie和lay （1）lie有多个意思：表示“躺；展示；位于”时，其变化是：lay, lain, lying； 表示“说谎”时，其变化是：lied, lied, lying 例如：I saw an old man lying on the street. Dont believe him. He always lies. （2）lay的含意是“放置、产卵”等。其变化是：laid, laid, laying. I cant find my book anywhere. I remember that I laid it on the desk last night.