小升初形容词副词讲义.doc

形容词与副词
教学目的
1、 理解形容词副词 的意义
2、 掌握形容词副词的用法
3、 熟练掌握形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
教学内容
Welcome to my class!

Homework
优（ ）
良（ ）
一般（ ）
差（ ）

____________________________________________________________________________-

一、形容词、副词的概念
形容词：我们把用来修饰名词、代词的词称为形容词。形容词主要描述人或者事物的性质、特征和状态。
• 例：

Simba is a good lion. It’s a red lantern. He is asleep.
(表性质) (表特征) (表状态)

• （1）形容词通常用于名词的前面。译为“……的”。
• She is a famous actress. 她是位有名的演员。
• He is a warm-hearted man. 他是一个热心的人。
a nice watch 一只漂亮的手表 an empty box 一个空箱子
a clever boy 一个聪明的男孩 a beautiful girl 一个美丽的女孩
an interesting book 一本有趣的书 a blue car 一辆蓝色的小汽车
• （2）形容词用在系动词后作表语。
• Monkey is smart. 猴子很机灵。
• It’s hot in summer. 夏季， 天很热。
• You look fine. 你们看上去很好。
(3)as…as (与…一样）， not as（so)…as （与…不一样） 中间用原级。如：
The story is as interesting as that one.
The question is not as (so) difficult as that one.

翻译：
1、他和他的朋友Jim一样年轻。（young）
　　 He _______ as __________ as ________ ________ Jim.
2、我跳得和Mike一样远。(far)
　　 I _________ as _______ as Mike.

副词：说明事情发生的时间、地点、原因、方式等含义的词，我们称之为副词。多用来修饰动词或整个句子。
（二）、副词的用法：副词多用来修饰动词。

They live happily. (happily快乐地，幸福地，修饰动词live)
They are listening to the teacher carefully. (carefully 认真地，修饰动词listen)
Don’t speak loudly in class. (loudly 大声地，修饰动词speak)
1
时间
now / finally /early
5
频度
always / often/sometimes / never / seldom
2
地点
here / nearby / outside
6
疑问
how / where / when / why
3
方式
quietly / fast / slowly
7
连接
how / when / where / why / whether
4
程度
nearly / very / rather
8
关系
when / where / why

我是小小魔术师，看我的变化，我能把形容词变成副词，不信吗？那就随我来看看吧！

（三）、形容词变副词
1、部分形容词加-ly可以变成副词。如：

形容词 → 副词
quick quickly
slow slowly
quiet +ly quietly
happy happily
careful carefully

注意1：并不是以ly结尾的单词都是副词，有些名词+ly也能变成形容词。

如：
名词 形容词
friend + ly friendly 友好的
love + ly lovely可爱的

注意2：有些名词+y可以变成形容词。

如：
名词 → 形容词

rain rainy 下雨的
snow snowy 下雪的
cloud +y cloudy 阴天的
salt salty 咸的
wind windy 有风的

练一练：
1.Winter is a ________(cold) season of the year.
2.This radio is not so_______(cheap) as that one.
3.Please listen to me________(careful).
4. The child doesn’t______(write) as ____(fast) as the students.
5. I can swim as________( fast ) as the fish, I think.

big → bigger → biggest

其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more, most来构成比较级和最高级。
原级
比较级
最高级
beautiful
interesting
important(重要的)
more beautiful
more interesting
more important
most beautiful
most interesting
most important

原级
比较级
最高级
good (好的) well (好的)
better
best
bad (坏的) ill (有病的)
worse
worst
many（多的） much (多的)
more
most
old
older (elder)
oldest (eldest)
little (少的)
less
least
far (远的)
farther (further)
farthest(furthest)

记忆小窍门：
①合二为一有三对， “病坏”“两多”与“两好”，
②一分为二有两个， 一个“远”来一个“老”，
③ 还有一个双含义， 只记“少”来别记“小”。
你来猜 猜猜看：引号内的分别代表什么？

四、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法
1、形容词、副词的比较级，用于两个同类的人或事物的比较，比较对象用than来连接。

She is cleverer than the other girls in the class. 她比班里的其他女孩聪明。
Bill is __ _ Tom.（old）
.汤姆（Tom）比露西（Lucy）高。（tall）
2、形容词或副词的最高级，用于三者或三者以上的人或物的比较，表示人或事物在某个范围内“最……” 注意：形容词最高级前一定要用 “the”
基本结构是：“A+be+the+最高级+范围”
Yao Ming is the tallest in Chinese basketball team. 姚明在中国篮球队里最高。
Cairo is the ___ city in Egypt. (big)
. 约翰（John）是班里最聪明的男孩。(clever)

学完了就练一练吧

一、按要求写出下列单词的比较级和最高级
1.good________ ________2.thin__________ _________3.heavy_______ ________
4.happy_______ ________5.long__________ _________6.little_________ ________
7.far__________ _______8.careful________ _________9.slow________ ________
10.well________ _______11.low__________ ________12. beautiful________ _________
13.large______ _______14.famous________ ________15. delicious _________ _________
16.interesting ________ __________ 17.important ________ ____________
18.cheap______ ______ 19.easy ______ ________ 20.high______ ________
二、根据句意，用所给形容词或副词的正确形式填空
1.Jim works________(hard), but his brother works________(hard) than him.
2.It’s much________(hot) today than yesterday.
3. Mr Smith is the__________(rich) man in this office.
4. This match is ________(exciting) of the three.
5.My mother is the _______(busy) in my family.
6. Beijing is one of the_________(beautiful) city in China.
7. This book is ________(interesting) than that book.
8. Which goes________(quick), the bus or the car?
9. Look! His hands are____________( big ) than mine.
10. I think you do these things_________( well ) than your classmates.
11. Whose bag is___________( heavy ), yours or mine?
12. Does Jim run as__________( slow ) as David? Yes, but Mike runs _________ ( slow ) than them.
13. I’m very____________( thin ), but she’s___________( thin ) than me.
14. My eyes are __________(big) than ________ (she).
25. My brother is two years __________(old) than me.
三、单项选择题
1. Which subject do you like_______, maths or English?
A.good B.better C.well D.best
2.This red rose is _______of all flowers.
A.beautifuler B.much more beautiful C.the most beautiful D.beautiful
3.My book is newer than________.
A.he B.his C.our D.we
4.He is________student in his class.
A.good B.better C.the best D.best
5.Look! The bee________than the bird.
A.fly higher B.is flying higher C.as high as D.flies higher
6.His hens are ________and fat.
A.big B.bigger C.biggest D.the biggest
7.She knows________about history than most people.
A.more B.much C.most D.many
8.It was really an________story.
A.afraid B.excited C.exciting D.worried
9.Which city is __________from here, Beijing or Shanghai?
A.far B.farther C.farthest D.the farthest
10.This building is __________that tree.
A.so tall as B.as tall as C.so tall as D.as taller as
四、翻译句子：
　　1.谁比Jim年纪大？是你。
　　 ________ is _________than Jim？ ________ are.
　　2.谁比David更强壮？是Gao Shan.
　　 ________ _________ than David? Gao Shan ________.
　　3.谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。
　　 _________ pencil is _________,______or________？________is, I think.
　　4. 你和你的叔叔一样高吗？是的。
　　 _________ ________as _________as your uncle? Yes, I am.
　　5. Lesson One is interesting. Lesson Two is more interesting. (合并为一句话)
Lesson One is _________ ____________than Lesson Two.
　　6. 她和她的双胞胎哥哥一样胖吗？不，她比他瘦。
　　 ________ ________ as _________ as______ twin _______?
　　 No, _______ _________ than him.
　　7. Yang Ling每天睡得比SuYang晚。
　　 Yang Ling ________ to _______ ________ than Su Yang every day.
　　8. He runs faster than any other people in the class. (改为同义句)
He runs_______ _______in the class.
　　9. Tom比你跑得快吗？不是的,他和我跑得一样快。
　　 ____ Tom _____ _____ than you? No, he _____ as_____ as_____.
10. He isn’t so tall as his father. (改为同义句)
His father__________ __________ than him.
五、选择正确的词填空。
Sarah is 12 years ________ (old,older).She is one year ________ (older,oldest) than me.But I am 0.1 meter ________ (taller, tallest) than her.She studies in Guangzhou interational Shool.She studies the________ (harder,hardest) in her class.Everyone likes her.Yesterday ,she was ill.She took some medicine and she feels ________ (good,better) now.
参考答案：
一、1.better/best 2.thinner/thinnest 3.heavier/heaviest 4.happier/happiest 5.longer/longest 6.less/least
7.farther/farthest further/furthest 8.more careful/most careful 9.slower/slowest 10.better/best
11.lower/lowest 12.more beautiful/most beautiful 13.larger/largest 14.more famous/most famous
15.more delicious/most delicious 16.more interesting/most interesting 17.more important/most important
18.cheaper/cheapest 19.easier/easiest 20.higer/higest
二、1.the coldest 2.hard/harder 3.cheap 4.hotter 5.carefully 6.richest 7.the most exciting 8.busiest 9.most beautiful
10.more interesting 11.quicker 12.fast 13.bigger 14.better 15. Heavier 16.slow/slower 17.thin/thinner 18.write/fast 19.bigger/hers 20.older/elder
三、BBBCBABCBB
四、1.Who/bigger/You 2.Who/is/stronger/is 3.Whose/longer/his/hers/She 4.Are/you/tall 5.is/young/his/friend 6.Is/she/fat/her/brother/she/is/thinner 7.goes/bed/later 8.jump/far 9.Is/run/faster/runs/fast/me 10.is/taller 11. the/fastest 12.less/interesting.
五、old/older/taller/hardest/better