人教版八下英语第四单元Unit4知识点(全单元).doc

Unit 4 why don’t you talk to your parents? Section A 知识清单

一、【重点短语】
1. have free time to do things I like有自由时间做我喜欢做的事
2. take/ have after-school classes参加课后辅导班
3. hang out with sb. 与某人闲逛
4. get into fight with sb.= have a fight with sb.=fight with sb.和某人闹矛盾/打架.
5. until midnight直到半夜
6. get into a good university / high school上好大学/高中
7. talk to/with sb. 与某人交谈talk about sb./sth.谈论某人或某事
8. on the phone用电话交谈 on the Internet通过互联网 on the radio通过收音机
9. take him to the ball game带他去参加球类比赛
10. study too much学得过多
11. get enough sleep有足够的睡眠
12. surprise sb. 令某人惊讶= to one's surprise
13. look through翻看；检查；浏览；look after照顾；照料 look at看；look for寻找；look out of向外看；look forward to sth/doing sth期待某物或盼望做某事;look up 向上看、查字典
14. say sorry(to sb.)（向某人）道歉
15. wait that/ so long等待如此久
16. a big deal重要的事/It’s not a big deal没什么了不起/It’s a deal.就这么办；一言为定/make/do a deal with sb 和某人达成交易
17. work out成功地发展;解决
18. relations between my parents父母之间的关系
19. be nice/ friendly /kind to sb.对某人友好
20. hang over笼罩
21. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
22. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 offer sb. sth.=offer sht. to sb.主动为某人踢动某物
provide sb. with sth.=provide sth. for sb.为
某人提供某物
23. feel lonely and nervous感到孤独和紧张
24. be/feel nervous about 对……担忧
25. sit down and communicate with your brother坐下来和你哥哥交流
26. mind sb/sb's doing sth. 介意某人（宾格或形物代）做某事
27. return=give...back归还 return =come/get back回来；返回 return to sp.返回某地
give something back to somebody= return something to somebody归还某物给某人
28. make sb. angry使某人生气
29. worry about sth. =be worried about sth.担心某事
30. copy sth 复制，抄袭某物，copy one’ s homework抄袭某人的作业. copy 也有名词词性且可数，表示副本，复印件。 I have three copies of that paper 那个文件我有三份副本。
31. have a pet养宠物
32. be oneself做自己
33. not...anymore=no more……=not any longer/no longer不再
34. family members 家庭成员

二、【用法归纳】
1.allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
allow（doing）sth允许（做）某事 We don't allow smoking 我们不允许吸烟，主动表被动
sb. be allowed to do sth某人被允许做某事 We are allowed to stay out late 我们被允许晚回来
否定 be not allowed to do sth We are not allowed to stay out late.
2. find sb doing tsh 发现某人正在做某事。
I found my sister looking through my things yesterday.
拓展：find 后常接复合宾语，即宾语+宾补，宾补可由名词、形容词、非谓语充当，类似的还有think, make.
I find him a good friend to share problems. 我发现他是一个能分享困难的好朋友。argue with sb.与某人
3. get on/along well with sb.和某人相处得好 get on/long with sth.在……方面取得进展
4. 争论 argue about sth.就某事争论 argue with sb. about sth.为某事与某人争论
argue(v.)争论；争吵——argument（n.）争论
5.elder,年纪较长的是old的比较级做前置定语只能修饰人反义词为younger, elder brother
old可做定语和表语，表示老旧，年龄大的。
6.instead/instead of，instead表示代替；反而；却，词性为副词，多位于句首或句尾单独使用。
instead of 为介词短语，of 为介词后接被代替的内容。
She never studied, instead she played computer games all day,她从不学习却成天玩游戏。
She will go instead of him，她会替他去。
7.explain v解释。后接从句或特殊疑问词+to do 或sth to sb。但是不能用于explain sb sth
He explained the plan to us. He explained how to work it out.
8.Whatever. 代词，任何，每一。还有无论什么，不管什么，引导让步状语从句相当于no matter what
You can take whatever you like 喜欢哪个你就拿哪个
He will work the problem out whatever it takes 不管多大代价他都要解决这个问题
9.until, so that, although 引导状语从句
1) until 引导时间状语从句，表示直到...为止；到...时
Turn left until you see a green house,看到绿色的房子左转
拓展：not...until....直到....才... Do not turn left until you see a green house 直到看见绿色的房子再左转。
2） so that 引导目的状语从句，意为以便，为了。相当于 in order to do或in order that...
You need to focus in the class so that you can understand what the teacher is talking about.
你们课上要集中以便能明白老师在讲什么
You need to focus in the class in order that you can understand what the teacher is talking about.
You need to focus in the class in order to understand what the teacher is talking about.
拓展： so...that.../such...that... 如此...以至于....，引导结果状语从句，so...that中间加形容词或副词的原级，而such...that...中的such 须修饰名词
The flower is so beautiful that we all love it. It is such a beautiful flower that we all love it.
3) although 引导让步状语从句，意为尽管，虽然，同though，可位于句首、中、末。
Although it's raining, he still goes out for dinner.
10.英语中常用提建议的表达及回答，4个一般疑问句，2个特殊疑问句，1个祈使句加一个had better do
4个一般疑问句：①Shall we/I do sth?我们做…好吗？②Would you like to do sth? 你想去做某事吗？
2个特殊疑问句：①What about doing sth?=How about doing sth? ….怎么样？
②Why don’t you do sth?= Why not do sth? 为什么不呢？
1个祈使句：Let’s do sth.让我们一起做某事吧。
特殊：had better do/not do sth.最好做/不做某事
l 同意对方的建议时，一般用
Good idea./ That’s good idea. 好主意 OK/ All right./ Great 好/行/太好了Yes, please ./I’d love to 是的/ 我愿意/ I agree with you 我同意你的看法/ No problem 没问题 sure/ Of course/ Certainly 当然可以/ Yes, I think so 对，我也这样想
l 对方的帮助或要求表示委婉谢绝时，一般用：
I don’t think so 我认为不是这样/ Sorry, I can’t 对不起，我不能/ I’d love to, but… /I’m afraid…我愿意，但恐怕……
③Would you mind doing sth？你介意做某事吗？④Will/Would you please do sth?请你做…好吗？

Unit 4 why don’t you talk to your parents? Section B 知识清单
一、【重点短语】

1. spend time alone独自消磨时光
2. give sb. a lot pressure给某人很大压力
3. compete with sb. 与某人竞争
4. compete (动词)-competition(名词)-competitive（形容词竞争的，有竞争力的）-competitor (可数名词)，竞争者
5. free time activities业余活动
6. get better grades取得更好的成绩
7. give one’ s opinion提出某人的观点
8. learn exam skills学习应试技巧
9. a typical American family典型的美国家庭
10. compare A with B把A和B比较
11. compare A to B 把 A 比作B
12. be unhappy with= be angry with sb 对某人生气
13. cause a lot of stress导致许多压力
14. think for somebody为某人考虑
15. be a successful person成为成功人士
16. in one’s opinion 就某人看来……；依某人的观点…
17. be right about…在某方面正确
18. wait a few more days再等几天
19. help each other相互帮助
20. stress out过度紧张/劳累
21. do activities I enjoy进行我喜欢的活动
22. cut out删除
23. cut down 砍倒
24. cut up 切碎
25. cut in 打断
26. cut off切除，砍掉
27. continue to do/doing sth继续做某事
同go on to do/keep on doing
28. push sb to do sth催促某人做某事
29. be crazy about sth 迷恋于...热衷于...
30. be successful in sth/doing sth 成功做某事/在某方面获得成功

二、【用法归纳】
1. The+姓的复数，表示一家人，谓语用复数。
The Taylors are a typical American family.
复习：the +形容词表示一类人，谓语用复数。The poor need more care.
2.be always doing sth 总是做某事 The girl is always talking with others in class
3.push sb to do 催促某人做某事
4.cause sb sth 或cause sth for sb，对某人造成....(麻烦) cause sb to do 使某人去做...
Driving after drinking causes lots of accidents every year. He often causes trouble for his parents.
5. practice doing sth练习做某事
6.It’s time to do sth=It’s time for sth到了做某事的时间
7. some time/sometime/some times/sometimes
Some time,意为一段时间，做时间状语可以与for 连用 It takes me some time to ready every day.
Sometime,某时，多用于将来时。 I will go to Chicago sometime next month.
Some times, 许多次，time做次数时可数, I called him up some times last night.
Sometimes,有时，表示频率，多用于一般现在时 Sometimes I go to school on foot.
8.continue to do/doing 继续做某事
Continue to do = go on to do 继续做另一件事 continue doing=go on doing 继续做同一件事
After doing his homework, he continued to go over this lessons.做完家庭做业以后，他继续复习功课
9.cause vt造成，使发生。常用短语为 cause sb to do sth 使某人做某事或cause sb for sth，给某人造成…
n.原因。后接of The cause of this mistake is his careless.
二、重点句型
1. I studied until mid night last night so I didn’t get enough sleep.
我昨晚学习到半夜所以睡眠不足。
2. Why don 't you forge t about it?=why not forget about it?你为什么不忘掉它呢？
3. Although she’s wrong, it’s not a big deal. 虽然她错了,但这并不是什么大事儿。
4. He should talk to his friend so that he can say he’s sorry. 他应该跟朋友谈谈以便他能说声对不起。
5. May be you could go to his house 也许你可以去他家。
6. When they argue, it’s like a big, black cloud hanging over our home.当他们吵架的时候，我们的家就像笼罩在大大的乌云一样。
7. I guess I could, but I don’t want to surprise him. 我想我可以.但我不想让他感到惊讶。
8. Life shouldn’t just be about grades.生活不应该仅仅与成绩有关。
9.Hope things work out 希望情况好转
三、单元写作
本单元的写作话题是针对烦恼或压力提供建议，题裁为议论文，格式模板仍然为引-议-联-结
即先引入烦恼或压力，再对这其进行议论，表明自己的观点，结合论据分步进行论证，这部份为了使文章有层次感可以使用firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally等做为每个观点的首句。其次联系实际生活，我们应该怎样做（we should do...），最后总结自己的观点并扣题。
需要注意的是时态运用，描述烦恼时因为已经发生，多用过去时态，提供建议时多用一般现在时及情态动词should+动原，回答是针对烦恼或压力提出建议，需要用到的句型有
1. I'm sorry to hear that.... 听到...我很难过
2. It's not easy being your age, and it's normal for you to have these feelings. 这对你这个年纪来说很不容易而且有这种感觉也是正常的。
3. I think you should/shouldn't do...
4. I hope things work out/I hope things will be better for you soon.我希望事情（很快）能有所改善
5. In my opinion,在我看来....
6. Why don't you do.....?为什么不
7. sth is not good for... 。。。对...没有益处
8. My problem is that I can't.....
范文：
你是Jack的朋友Jim给你写信诉说他的烦恼：他喜欢上网有时上网到深夜。他的父母认为这会影响他的学习和身体健康，不允许他再上网，因些他和父母争吵，并持续几天不和父母说话。他很苦恼，向你寻求建议，90词左右。
Dear Jim,

I'm sorry to hear that you have some problems with your parents. It's normal for teenagers to have such problems. You said you argued with your parents about playing computer late in the night. I really don't agree with you and I think your parents are right.

In my opinion, studying is the most important thing for us and playing computer will take up our free time. Firstly, I think you should say sorry to your parents, because what they did is good for you. Secondly, why don't you sit down and talk to them? Let them know you will work hard. Finally, you can do some other things in your free time instead of playing computer, such as reading books.

All in all, I think you were wrong, your parents care for you and you should understand them. I hope things will be better for you soon.

Yours truely,
Jack.