九年级英语第七八单元知识点总结.pdf

1人教版九年级英语第七八单元知识点总结 乔甜Unit7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.一单词1.drivers license 驾照=driving license 2.safe(adj.)safety(n.)安全；安全性 dangerous(adj.)danger(n.)3.have/do part-time jobs=have/do part-time work 做兼职4.get/have/make sth done 表被动 eg:have/get/make my ears pierced have/get/make my hair cut5.ear(n.)耳朵，ring(戒指)earring(n.)耳环，耳饰6.crycryingcriedcried7.give sb.a hug=hug sb.拥抱某人8.Lift(v.)举起；抬高=raise/(n.)电梯，搭便车 eg:give sb a lift=give sb a ride9.bad（adj.）badly（adv.）worseworst10.regret(v.)(n.)后悔，感到遗憾后悔做了 regret doing sth eg:I regret telling a lie.遗憾做(没做)regret to sth eg:I regret to tell you that you failed the exam.11.poem(n.)诗；韵文poet(n.)诗人poetry(n.)诗；诗意；诗歌艺术12.Make ones decision to do sth=decide to do sth=make up ones mind to do sth 下定决定做某事13.educate(v.)教育education(n.)教育educational(adj.)有教育意义的14.manage(v.)管理，努力完成manager(n.).经理management(n.)管理manage to do 设法做成某事/区分 try to do sth,succeed in doing sth15.society(n.)社会social(adj.)社会的16.enter(v.)-entrance(n.)入口反义词 exit（n.）出口2二、短语1.should allow sb to do sth 被动 sb should be allowed to do sth情态动词的被动语态是:情态动词（not）+be+done2.go to the shopping centre 3.I dont think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive.(1)若宾语从句跟在 think believe 等表示“想，认为”的动词之后，而主语为第一人称时，句子的否定体现在主句上。用词有：suppose（猜想推测）guess（猜）image（想象）expect（期待）eg:I dont think it is a good idea.(2)sixteen-year-olds 十六岁的孩子们=sixteen-year-old teenagers4.need time to do sth5.be excited about doing sth6.由 so+助动词（be/do/will/have）/情态动词+主语：.也是一样（表示相同）Neither/nor+助动词（be/do/will/have）/情态动词+主语（前为否定）.也一样不。（1）She is a student.So am I.（2）She went to school just now.So did I.（3）She has finished the work.So have I（4）Tom cant swim.Neither can John.补充；So+主+助动词 确实如此(表示赞同)7.mustnt do sth 禁止做某事 8.stay by ones side 待在某人身边9.think back to sth 回想某事10.have scary/awful dreams 做噩梦311.be late for school tell back to sb 跟某人顶嘴 12.run through the field 跑步穿越田野（through 内部穿过如森林 across 外部穿过如马路）13.make sure=be sure 确信 14.cough badly 剧烈咳嗽 15.warm arms to sleep in 温暖怀抱里入眠（不定式做定语）17.lift sb up 举起某人；激励某人=inspire sb/encourage sb18.stop doing sth 停止做某事/Stop to do sth 停下来开始做某事19.by+时间点 几点前 20.stay out 待在外面 21.the whole+n.=all the+n.all night 整夜 22.agree with sb/sth =be in agreement with sb.同意某人的观点23.move out 搬出去住 24.take care of=look afte=care for 照顾 take care=be carefu=look outl 小心 care about 关心,在乎 care for 喜欢；照顾，为操心 25.continue to do sth=keep on doing 继续做某事26.worry about doing sth=be worried about doing sth27.take/pass/fail the exam take the exam later 补考28.be strict with sb be strict in sth/doing sth be hard on sb.对.苛刻29.get/be in the way of sth 妨碍 in this way/in the way/on the way（to）/on ones way to/by the way/in a.way30.practice doing sth 练习做某事31.be serious about sth/doing sth 对.严肃，认真432.instead of doing stheveryone 是一个词,只用来指人,等于 everybody,在它后面不能跟介词 of；every one 是两个词,既可用来指人,也可用来指物,等于 each one,后面可跟介词 of.请看以下例句：1）Everyone of the children likes this game.（误）2）Every one of the children likes this game.（正）3)His books are wonderful.I have read every one of them.33.end up as 以.结束34.on his school team 在校队35.grow up 成长 cut up 切碎 give up 放弃 turn up 调高 take up 占有，开始做 set up 建立 put up 张贴 show up 出席 lift up 举起抬高 make up 组成，构成36.we have nothing against running.Have nothing against doing sth 毫不反对做某事（be against 反对 be for 支持）37.Only then will I have a chance to achieve my reams.当副词 only 置于句首，强调方式、条件、地点、时间状语等状语时，句子要用部分倒装。Eg:Only in this way can we learn English well.当 only 后跟的是主语时，不用倒装。Only five men were hurt in the accident.38.keep off 关闭，阻挡Mobile phone should be kept off during the meeting.三、句型注意以下各组问答句，并注意体会其汉语译文：1Must I come before dawn？我必须天亮前来吗？Yes,you must是的，必须天亮前来。No,you neednt不必天亮前就来。5No,you dont have to不必天亮前就来。2May I smoke in the room？我可以在这个房间抽烟吗？Yes,you may当然可以。Of course,you maycan当然可以。No,you may notmustnt，cant不行。（语气较生硬）Youd better notBetter not最好不要抽。Id rather you didnt还是不抽的好。Please dont请不要抽。3Need I finish it today？我必须今天完成它吗？Yes,you must have to,should是的，今天必须完成它。（肯定回答不能用Yes，you need，因为情态动词 need 只用于否定句或疑问句，不用于肯定句）No,you neednt不必今天就完成它。No,you dont have to不必今天就完成它。4.We should be allowed to choose our favorite subject.5.The classroom must be cleaned by us every day.6.I dont think you need to be looked after by your parents any more,7.It could be finished in an hour.Unit 8 It must belong to Carla.1、单词1.Who,whom,whose 这三个既可用作疑问词，也可用作关系代词。who 是主格，往往充当主语，意思是“谁”。Who is your English teacher?谁是你的英语教师？whom 是宾格，用在动词或介词后，充当宾语，意思也是 whom,如 Whom do you like best?你最喜欢谁？（whom 充当动词 like 的宾语）6whose 是所有格，往往用来作定语，修饰名词，表示所有关系，意思是“谁的”，如：Whose book is it?这是谁的书？2.attend(v.)attendance(n.)出席3.value（n.）valuable(adj.)有价值的4.happen（v.）happening(n.)发生的事情5.noise(n.)noisy(adj.)声音，噪音/sound 声音/voice 嗓音6.policemanpolicemen(pl.)警察7.wolfwolves（pl.）狼8.easy(adj.)简单的uneasy(adj.)担心的，不安的9.sleep(v.)sleepy（adj.）/asleepy(adj.)fall asleep 入睡10.land(v.)(n.)着陆，陆地11.express（v.）expression（n.）表情，表达12.circle(v.)(n.)圆圈，圈出13.Britain(n.)大不列颠British(adj.)英国的，英国人的（n.）英国人14.Mystery(n.)mysterious(adj.)神秘的15.History(n.)historical(adj.)historian(n.)历史学家16.Lead(v.)leader（n.）领导17.Medicinemedical(adj.)医学的，医疗的18.Prevent sb from doing/stop sb from doing 阻止某人做某事19.Energy(n.)活力，能量energetic(adj.)精力充沛的20.Honor(n.)荣誉，信用honorable（adj.）光荣的，可敬的，高贵的2、短语1.her favorite writer 她最喜欢的作家72.at the picnic 在野餐上3.be always doing sth 总是做.4.attend a concert 出席音乐会5.music hall 音乐大厅6.something valuable 贵重的物品7.have my schoolbag with me 随身带着书包8.pick up 拾起，采摘，接某人9.know each other 互相认识10.be interviewed by 被。采访11.must be doing 一定正在做。12.have fun 玩得开心13.call the police 报警14.see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事/see sb do sth 看见某人过了某事15.hear sb doing sth 听见某人正在做某事/hear sb do sth 听见某人做过某事16.be sure that/todo；make sure that.确保.17.feel uneasy 感觉不安 feel worried/nervous/anxious18.We have no idea.=We dont know.我们不知道。19.go away 走开 put away 收拾整理 give away 捐赠 take away 带走20.wear glass 戴眼镜21.feel sleepy 感觉困倦22.catch a bus to work 赶车上班23.at the same time 同时24.not only.but also.不仅，而且825.more than=over 超过/less than 少于，不足26.sun rising 日出/sun setting 日落municate with sb 与。交流28.point at：指向，主要是指向的近距离的地方。The teacher point at the blackboard and said:Please look at these words carefully.point to:指向，指出；主要指的是比较远的地方。He point to the house on the other side of the river and said:That is my house.point out:给某人指出方向,错误等The teacher point out many mistakes in my homework.29.so many=too many+可数名词复数/too much=so much+不可数名词30.much later 迟很多（much，even，far,a lot 修饰比较级，表示程度深）31.a kind of 一种，kinds of 各种各样，kind of 有一点+adj./adv.32.in a certain way 以一种。的方式33.on midsummers morning 在仲夏的早晨34.the center of、的中心35.some.others.一些。另一些。36.one of the greatest mysterious 最伟大的奥秘之一37.keep healthy=keep fit=keep in good health 保持健康38.wait for the bus 等车39.a bit/kind of=a little late 迟一点（a bit 还可以修饰比较级=a little 表示程度浅）40.talk on the phone 打电话交谈41.be at work 在上班93、句型情态动词表推测：语气+时态（1）情态动词表推测的三种语气1.在肯定句中一般用 must(一定)，may（可能），might/could（也许，或许）。He must/may/might know the answer to this question?他一定/可能/也许知道这个问题的答案。2.否定句中用 cant/couldnt(不可能),may not/might not(可能不)。It cant/couldnt be the headmaster.He has gone to America.这不可能是校长，他去美国了。3.疑问句中用 can/could(能?)。Could he have finished the task?他可能把任务完成了吗？（注：以上三种句式中情态动词的语气按程度都是依次递减的。Might,could 并非 may,can 的过去式，而表示语气较为委婉或可能性较小。（二）情态动词表推测的三种时态1.对将来情况的推测，用“情态动词+动词原形”。She must/may/might/could arrive before 5.5:00 前她一定/可能/也许到。2.对现在或一般情况的推测，用“情态动词+be”，“情态动词+be doing”或“情态动词+动词原形”（1）He must/may/might/could be listening to the radio now.（2）He cant(couldnt)/may(might)not be at home at this time.（3）Mr.Bush is on time for everything.How can(could)he be late for the opening ceremony?布什先生一向准时，这次开幕式他怎么可能迟到呢？3.对过去情况的推测，用“情态动词+have+过去分词”。（1）It must/may/might/could have rained last night.The ground is wet.10（2）The door was locked.He can(could)not/may(might)not have been at home.门锁着，他不可能/可能不在家。（3）Can/Could he have gotten the book？难道他找到书了吗？总结：对某一次的推测句型有两部分：语气和时态语气部分：（以下情态动词语气由强至弱）肯定句：must、may、might（=could）否定句：cant（=couldnt）、maynt、mightnt 疑问句：can、could（语气更加委婉不确定）时态部分：be 表示对现在的推测have done 表示对过去的推测be doing 表示对正在进行的推测语气部分写在前时态部分写在后，组合在一起就是推测There be 句型表推测There+情态动词be/do sthThere+情态动词be doing sthThere+情态动词have done sth补充 现在完成时态结构：由 have/has 过去分词用法：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果标志词：already,just,yet,ever,never,since+时间点,for+时间段，in the last few(five)years,so farHave you finished your work yet？你完成了你的工作了吗？11Yes,I have.I have just finished it.是的。我刚刚完成了。=I finished it just now.(一般过去时)Have you ever been to China?你曾经去过中国吗？No,I have never been there.没有，我从来也没有去过。表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态和表示过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括现在在内）的一段时间的状态连用如：（for+时间段，since+时间点，或过去某一动作，以及 how long）注：非延续性动词在现在完成时态中不能和 for,since 引导的表示一段时间的状语的肯定句连用。应转为相应的延续性动词 如：buy-have die-be dead join-be in borrow-keep leave-be awayI have bought a pen.-I have had a pen for 2 weeks.The dog has died.-The dog has been dead since last week.have(has)been to+地点 去过某地已经回来have(has)gone to+地点 去了某地没有回来have been in+地点 一直呆在某地 没有离开过 如：She has been to Shanghai.她去过上海。(已经回来)She ha s gone to Shanghai.她去了上海。(没有回来)She has been in Shanghai for 2 days.她呆上海两天了。(没有离开过上海)