英语复习题(含答案)--答案已更新.doc

Part I Structure and Vocabulary (30 minutes, 10 points)

Section A
Directions: There are 10 sentences in this section. Each sentence has an underlined part and there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.

1. The energy companies launched urgent studies of the Arctic environment.
A. made B. stressed
C. moved D. started
2. As working hours tend to get shorter and shorter, people should learn how to spend their increased leisure time in some satisfying way.
A. longer hours B. more chance
C. free time D. happy time
3. Establishment of a sound insurance system is essential for deepening economic reforms.
A. accurate B. healthy
C. undisturbed D. safe
4. The workers at large approved of the government’s policy.
A. mostly B. freely
C. happily D. angrily
5. It would take Mary some time to get over the grief at her husband’s death.
A. overcome B. do without
C. pass D. deal with
6. Mail service is often suspended in this country when the postal workers were on strike.
A. inspected B. uninterrupted
C. delayed D. reduced
7. Lifting the shoulders is a gesture that indicates lack of interest.
A. Napping B. Shrugging
C. Sighing D. Provoking
8. Electrical energy may be divided into two components specified as positive and negative.
A. confused B. designated
C. specialized D. amplified
9. Although I tried to concentrate on the lecture, I was distracted by the noise made by the rushing-in girls.
A. confused B. diverted
C. attracted D. discharged
10. History is thus used to justify and support national ideals and institutions.
A. explain B. assist
C. establish D. judge

Section B
Directions: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

11. Movie directors use music to _______the action on the screen.
A. contaminate B. compliment
C. contemplate D. complement
12. The critical moment for harvest _______ from year to year and from one planet to the next.
A. renews B. envies
C. baffles D. varies
13. Your story about the frog turning into a prince is _______ nonsense.
A. sheer B. shear
C. shield D. sheet
14. The political future of the president is now hanging by a _______ .
A. cord B. thread
C. string D. rope
15. As an excellent shooter, Peter practiced aiming at both _______ targets and moving targets.
A. standing B. still
C. stationary D. stable
16. The table was very large and heavy; in fact, it was so _______ that it could not be moved.
A. extravagant B. massive
C. plentiful D. exercise
17. Fewer and fewer of today’s workers expect to spend their working lives in the same field, _______ the same company.
A. all else B. much worse
C. less likely D. let alone
18. The new technological revolution in American newspapers has brought increased _______ a wider range of publications and an expansion of newspaper jobs.
A. manipulation B. reproduction
C. circulation D. penetration
19. He is _______ a very old man but in fact he is only fifty.
A. apparently B. evidently
C. obviously D. actually
20. It is possible to _______ the Pauline arguments in terms of two directives.
A. take up B. sum up
C. show up D. turn up

Part II Cloze Test (20 minutes, 10 points)
Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.

Television is the most effective brainwashing medium ever invented by man. Advertisers know this to be _______ (21). Children are affected by television in _______ (22) we scarcely understand. In the fall of 1971, I was _______ (23) a story involving a young white woman living on the fringe of Boston’s black ghetto. Her car had _______ (24) out of gas. She had gone to a filling station _______ (25) a can and was returning to her car when she was _______ (26) in an alley by a gang of black youths. The gang _______ (27) gasoline over her and set fire to her. She died _______ (28) her burns. It was later established _______ (29) some of the youths involved had, on the night before the killing, _______ (30) on television a rerun of an old movie in which a drifter is _______ (31) on fire by an adolescent gang. There is some kind of strange reductive process (还原过程) at work here. To see something on television robs it _______ (32) its reality, and then when the same thing is _______ (33) out it is like the reenactment (重演) of something unreal.
_______ (34) other words when the gang set fire to the girl, they were imitating _______ (35) they had seen on a screen, as if they themselves were on a screen, and in a _______ (36). I don’t think we have _______ (37) begun to realize how powerful a(n) _______ (38) television. It has already _______ (39) very clear that the candidate with the most television _______ (40) wins the election.

21. A. true B. sincere C. dependant D. exact
22. A. methods B. ways C. directions D. respects
23. A. arranged B. allotted C. appointed D. assigned
24. A. left B. run C. stayed D. stopped
25. A. for B. by C. with D. in
26. A. traced B. followed C. trapped D. hit
27. A. put B. poured C. dropped D. sprayed
28. A. of B. with C. in D. over
29. A. when B. that C. because D. as
30. A. looked B. watched C. experienced D. gone
31. A. set B. seen C. watched D. burned
32. A. of B. from C. by D. for
33. A. acted B. played C. put D. taken
34. A.On B. In C. By D. At
35. A. that B. which C. what D. those
36. A. scene B. fiction C. television D. story
37. A. even B. already C. much D. little
38. A. equipment B. appliance C. source D. medium
39. A. become B. turned C. seemed D. looked
40. A. appearance B. appeal C. practice D. experience
Part III. Reading Comprehension (50 minutes, 40 points)
Directions: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 4 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.

Passage One
In cities across the United States, old factories, warehouses, schools, railroad stations and other buildings are being renovated for new uses. City planners and private investors are finding that good building, no matter how old, can be remodeled for new purposes. “If you’d asked some four or five years ago whether he’d rent an apartment in an abandoned piano factory or clothing warehouse, he’d have thought you were crazy, ”says a New York architect. “Today, many people are eager to do it.” The renovating may include a former city hall or courthouse changed into offices; a bank or church changed into a restaurant; or, as in Plains, Georgia, a railroad station used as a center for a presidential campaign.
Only a few decades ago, renovation was unpopular and generally far more expensive than taking down abandoned buildings and starting from the beginning. A change began in the 1960s with a number of well-advertised projects. They included Ghirardelli Square in San Francisco, where an old chocolate factory was restored an d made into shops and restaurants; Trolley Square in Salt Lake City, where abandoned car warehouses became a shopping mall; the Soho district of New York City, where unused warehouses ere made into artists’ studios and apartments.
What caused the change? “One reason is nostalgia,” a San Francisco builder suggests. “Maybe old is better than new, many people are saying. Feelings about preserving attractive or historic buildings have changed a great deal.” A second cause is economy. The cost of tearing down an old building and constructing a new one from nothing now has risen to the point where it is often less expensive to fix a solid older structure. Also builders realize that fixing up an existing building often requires no new permits, sewer lines, or water connections.
Even when the costs of restoration are the same as or a bit more than the costs of putting up a new building, fixing the old building may be better. A Boston architect says, “The advantage comes when you can develop a final project that is more desirable than a new building —one with the right location, more space, more floor area, a special character, materials of a particular quality.” Gradually, architects and builders are developing knowledge about renovation and preservation, bringing imagination and creativity to the job.

41. In the United States, renovating old buildings _______?
A. has had a long history
B. is becoming increasing popular
C. is still unpopular
D. has just caught the fancy of architects and builders
42. Ghirardelli Square, Trolley Square, and the Soho district are projects that _______.
A. have been given much publicity
B. are little known to the public
C. have been widely discussed among builders and city planners
D. have changed the building business
43. “Nostalgia” in the 3rd paragraph most probably means _______.
A. being conservative
B. being keen on saving money
C. being fond of things new
D being fond of things of the remote past
44. Which of the following statements is true?
A. Every old building can be renovated for new uses.
B. Renovating old buildings is always less costly than putting up new ones.
C. Renovation does not require imagination and creativity
D. Fixing an old building may have advantages even when it costs a little more
45. The passage is mainly about _______.
A. the increasing popularity of renovation.
B. nostalgia.
C. changes in the building business.
D. preservation of attractive or historic buildings.

Passage Two
Advertising plays a major role in the distribution of goods from manufacturers to consumers. It provides an effective way for sellers to inform buyers about products. Advertising thus helps manufacturers sell their products and benefits consumers by providing them with shopping information.
Advertising also helps the economy grow by stimulating demand for new products. Manufacturers spend much money to develop new products. Through advertising, they can speed up the process of creating a market for a product and so recover their costs more quickly. Fewer new products would be developed if manufacturers could not use advertising to help sell the products.
Advertisers include the expense of advertising in the sales price of a product. In some cases, advertising raises the price of a product. In other cases, advertising helps lower prices by creating the mass demand that supports mass production. Successful advertising makes many people want a product. By mass producing a product and developing a large volume of sales, the manufacturer can charge less per unit.
Sociologically, advertising supports the mass communication media. It pays all the costs of commercial television and radio. It provides viewers with free entertainment and news programs, though viewers are often annoyed by commercial interruptions. Advertising also pays three-fourths of the costs of newspapers and magazines. Without advertising, readers would have to pay a higher price for newspapers and magazines, and many of the publications would go out of business.
Because the mass media depend on advertising to stay in business, many people question whether advertisers control the media. Generally, media do not allow advertisers to influence their programming or editorial content. However, many broadcasters and publishers do not hesitate to run favorable information about their advertisers, and they sometimes refuse to run unfavorable information. Critics of commercial television maintain that dependence on advertising lowers the quality of TV programming. In order to sell advertising time at high prices, TV stations try to attract the largest possible audience. Critics argue that the stations therefore broadcast too many general entertainment programs and not enough informational and cultural programs.
Many critics also charge that advertising persuades people to buy products they do not need or want through the use of psychological techniques. Advertisers reply that they do not have the means to make people buy unwanted products. They argue that adults freely choose what to buy or what not to buy. Most experts agree, however, that advertising is particularly persuasive to young children, who do not have the ability or experience to judge advertising critically. For this reason, the Federal Trade Commission has strict regulations governing advertising aimed at children.

46. Advertising is useful to the economy in the sense that ________
A. it helps to inform customers about new products.
B. it gives the designers a chance to make money.
C. it helps to create a market for new products.
D. it gives the producers an excuse to raise prices.
47. Consumers will not benefit until advertising becomes successful______.
A. and the producer lowers the price
B. with mass production
C. before a new market has been created
D. or the manufacturer has recovered the cost
48. The author seems to think that commercial interruption on television and radio _______.
A. are a waste of time
B. are fully justified
C. only serve the interest of producers
D. only serve the interest of the media.
49. What critics are really worried about ______.
A. Broadcasters and publishers do not want to make open bad news about their advertisers
B. Stations are too much interested in seeking money from their advertisers
C. Programs are not so appealing to more and more audience
D. Stations will not broadcast enough educational programs
50. What is the author’s attitude towards advertising?
A. Negative. B. Positive. C. Indifferent. D. Not clear.

Passage Three
Most publishing is now “electronic” in the sense that books, magazines, and newspapers are prepared on computers, and exist as computer files before they are printed on paper. Often there are advantages to giving readers access to the electronic versions of publications as well as－or even instead of－the printed versions.
Print publications have lots of advantages. Paper is pleasant to handle, easy to read, and very portable: you can read it almost anywhere. On the other hand, print has its weaknesses. Paper is expensive, and articles are often cut to fit the space available. Printing and distributing paper is expensive and takes time. Printed materials are expensive to store and almos