雅思大作文如何构思分支观点.docx

雅思大作文如何构思分支观点

资料仅供参考
如何构思分支观点？----万能理由
(一)与物相关的话题：
1.便利和方便：节省时间，提高效率，加快节奏
Convenience : be time-saving, enhance efficiency, quicken the tempo of…
2. 经济和发展：带来就业机会，提高就业率，增加税收收入，促进当地经济发展，促进相关产业发展
Economy and development: bring job opportunities, raise employment rate, increase tax revenue, promote the progress of local economy and relevant / associated industries
3. 安全：食品安全，人身安全，财产安全，社会安全
security: food , personal, property, social security
4. 空间：过度建设, 占用土地，生活空间减少，人口密集，对当地造成就业，资源，交通各方面压力
Space: over construction, occupy land illegally, the decrease of living space, be thickly populated, pose great pressure on employment, resources and traffic
5. 环保和生态：破坏或保护生态环境，生态平衡，沙漠化，滥砍滥伐，酸雨，臭氧层空洞，噪音，水污染，温室效应，辐射，白色垃圾
Environmental protection: damage ecological environment, ecological balance, desertification, deforestation, acid rain, ozone depletion, noise, water pollution, greenhouse effect, radiation, white trash
6. 科技发展：全球化带来机遇和挑战，工业生产，高科技产业，媒体，网络，高效率，数字化
Scientific development: globalization has brought opportunities and challenges, industrial production, high-tech industry, medium(复数media),the Internet, high efficiency, digitization
7. 社会：社会整体发展,公共设施，法律，社区安全，医疗卫生
Society: the overall development of society, infrastructure, laws and principles, community safety, medical treatment and hygiene
（二）与人相关的话题：
1.健康：
身体健康---营养平衡，强健体魄，缓解压力，减少焦虑，辐射，垃圾食品的危害
Health：
Physical health: nutrition balance, build up one’s strength, relieve / ease stress, reduce anxiety, radiation, junk food
心理健康---面对困难和挑战时乐观积极，充分了解自己，对自己的能力作适当的估价保持良好的人际关系，适度的情绪表示与控制，保持人格的完整与和谐
Psychological / mental health: optimistic and motivated, fully understand oneself, properly evaluate one’s ability, keep loving interpersonal relationship, proper emotion expression and control, keep personality complete and harmonious
2. 交流和情感：交朋友，集体活动，促进彼此交流和理解，增进感情，扩大视野，促进人际关系发展
communication : group activities, promote mutual understanding, promote feeling, expand one’s outlook, promote interpersonal relationship
3. 成就感和自我价值：为国家增添荣誉，得到社会和公众肯定，实现自我潜力和价值，树立正确价值观
A sense of achievement and self-value: add honor to the country, receive appreciation and approval from the society and public, realize one’s potential and value, establish one’s value
4.经验习惯：知识积累，工作和生活经验丰富，好的习惯促进人格的全面健康发展
Experience and habit: accumulate knowledge, enrich work and life, good habits promote the all-round growth of personality
5.品格：独立，合作精神，坚韧不拔，乐观，勤奋，负责，诚实，成熟
Personality: independent, teamwork, cooperative spirits, perseverant / persistent, optimistic, diligent, responsible, honest, mature
5.如何写分支观点后的支持句
分支观点后的支持句很重要！！
1. 考官最喜欢把玩你的地方
2. 最能体现你逻辑思维的地方
3. 凑字数的最好方式
4. 每个分支观点后的支持句至少2-3句，能够继续多发挥几句，但不要超过5句
写支持句的五大方法
1. Explanation:延伸解释法---对分支观点进行解释和说明，进一步细化它的含义---车轱辘话法
常看法释句表示：
That is to say, …
That means….
To be more precise / specific,…
2. Extension: 因果关系法
1) 分支观点中的情况出现——影响
2) 原因 ——分支观点中的情况出现
追溯分支观点中的现象产生的原因，或者分之观点中的现象会导致什么后果
主题句：There are more job opportunities readily available in the big cities than in small towns.
支持句:The economic conditions in big cities are generally better than those in small towns, which, in return, attracts more investment from commercial corporations. Therefore, compared with most of small towns, there are always more modern and international enterprises which can offer city residents numerous job opportunities.
原因句常见表示
One of the most common factors is …
…is also responsible for this problem.
…is the root cause of this phenomenon.
Another contributing factor is …
Perhaps the primary reason is …
3. Data: 胡诌数据法
用数据说话，能够根据题目适当编撰，但不要太离谱，一定要写明数据出处
常见表示：According to a recently conducted research / investigation /survey by authorities / …department, …….
1. People in my hometown do not care about forest. They are shortsighted as to sell these trees cheaply. Their descendents would have no trees if they continued to do so.
2. According to a recently conducted investigation by the government in my hometown, my hometown used to have one million acres of forest. People here are shortsighted as to sell the trees for $10 per piece. Trees are sold at a rate of approximately 100 thousand pieces annually, a speed fast enough to leave no trees to their descendents within a decade.
4.contrasting 对比反证法-- 假设消失法
描述和中心句相反的情况,或者对题目中的关键词进行假设
1.假设在它出现前的情况
2.假设现在如果没有它会出现什么样的结果
(在无话可说时非常有效的一种方法)
主题句：The most apparently important characteristic of air plane travel is the high speed involved.
支持句：A hundred years ago, when we did not have the flights in the sky, and when there were only ships, the only transportation facility across the ocean, an international journey was exhausting and time-wasting. It took weeks to cross the Atlantic or Pacific oceans via a ship. Today with the advent of airplanes in our life, those same trips could be accomplished in a matter of hours.
常见假想句总结
1.without…, we would…
2. If we did not have …in our life in the future, we would..
3. One hundred years ago when we did not have …in our life, ….
4. The situation would be completely different without…
5.Exemplification:举例论证法
举例论证分支观点更加详细形象
举例常见表示总结：
1. For example / for instance…
2. Take..for example, take ..as an example
3. … is a case in point.
4. This point can be confirmed by the example of…
This point is best illustrated with the example of…
5. From my own perspective, no illustration is more convincing than this one.
6.……could best substantiate my point of view.用事实支持(某主张、说法等);证明, 证实
7. What can vividly exemplify this fact is…

如何写支持句举例
1. To begin with, one of the major functions of advertising is to assist consumers to find and buy suitable products.（正面观点1）
2. What is also worth noticing here is that advertising serves to stimulate consumption and contributes to economic development. （正面观点2）
3. In spite of its importance, there is no denying that every now and then, advertising leads customers into an impulsive purchase, thereby causing wasteful spending. （反面观点）
拓展例题的第一个分支观点
1. To begin with, one of the major functions of advertising is to assist consumers to find and buy suitable products.
（正面观点1）
支持句1. Common knowledge is that advertising refers to presenting information relevant to a product or service by a variety of media, such as television, radio, newspaper, magazines, brochures and so forth.
所用方法：延伸解释法和举例论证法
支持句2. With the presence of advertising, a consumer is able to acquire the latest information in the market, such as features of a product or service, and thereby making a wiser buying decision.
所用方法：延伸解释法和举例论证法
支持句3. By contrast, without advertising, a consumer is at the risk of purchasing a product that fails to meet all of his or her needs, because of lack of knowledge of better alternatives in the market.
所用方法：对比反证法（假设消失法）
拓展例题的第二个分支观点
2. What is also worth noticing here is that advertising serves to stimulate consumption and contributes to economic development. （正面观点2）
支持句1.
As said before, advertising is responsible to introduce a product, but in reality, it does more than that.
所用方法：延伸解释法
支持句2：
Advertising describes a product in such an impressive way and with adding so many visual appeals that it always succeeds in attracting the eyes of the customers and driving them into a final purchase.
所用方法：延伸解释法
支持句3：
In addition, advertising reminds the intended customers of their existing needs or create fresh needs, keeping them aware that only by purchasing a product can their needs be met.
所用方法：延伸解释法
支持句4：
By these two approaches, advertising encourages spending and contributes to economic development.
所用方法：因果关系法
拓展例题的第三个分支观点
In spite of its importance, there is no denying that every now and then, advertising leads customers into an impulsive purchase, thereby causing wasteful spending. （反面观点）
支持句1.
It is a shared convention in the advertising industry that some properties of a product are highlighted while the others are simplified.
支持句2：
A product, when promoted well, will be highly desired by many, as customers are misguided to ignore the products’ downsides.
支持句3：
It accounts for why many shoppers regret their buying decisions before long, observing that what they have bought is not what they actually need or fails to live up to their expectations.
live up to one’s expectation:满足期望，符合期望
支持句4：
Cosmetics and dietary supplements are among those typical examples, costing buyers a lot but not achieving desirable outcomes.
八. 议论文结尾段的写法
1.再次重申强调比较优缺点
2. 重新阐述你的立场和观点（必须写）
3. 总结你的理由或者总结在主体部分你讨论的要点
4. 发出相关议论，但不要加入新的内容，特别不要加入主体段没有讨论过的内容
例题结尾段
In conclusion, adverting plays an essential role in society, not only making consumers well-informed buyers, but also fostering economic development. However, customers should be aware of the misleading nature of advertising.
结尾段常见句总结
总而言之，综上所述：
1.in summary 2 to sum up 3.to summarize
4.in conclusion 5. to conclude
6. in the final analysis,
7.based on all the arguments mentioned/ offered above,
8. on the basis of the above discussion,
9.taking all the factors into account/ consideration,
10. All the evidence discussed in the above supports/justifies/confirms/warrants/points to my conclusion that (an/a/ unshakable/unmistakable/sound conclusion that)…..
11.From what has been discussed above /judging from all the evidence offered, we may safely draw/reach/come to/ arrive at a conclusion that…..
辩论类讨论类结尾段常见句总结
1.Based on all the arguments mentioned above, I firmly subscribe to the notion that…
2. Having considered the respective merits of both views, I assert that…. In addition, I would suggest…, which I believe is soundly based on the above reasoning I have presented.
3. Judging from all the evidence offered, I would concede that…. (填写你不倾向的观点)Despite this, I am in favor of the opinion that… (填写你倾向的观点)Overall, I claim that …should …
4. To conclude, regarding this issue, my personal view is…. Furthermore, I would argue that it seems highly advisable for…to…
问题类结尾段常见句总结
1. On the basis of the above discussion, several factors contribute to ….I am convinced that we should take effective and immediate measures including …, …and …to address this problem.
2. In the final analysis, the causes of… are complicated; therefore, we should take a wide range of measures, including…, …and…to handle this issue before the damage caused by this trend becomes irreversible.