银行英语部分专项练习(七).doc

招聘考试英语部分专项练习（七）

Part I Reading Comprehension

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-4, mark

　　Y （for YES） if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;
　　N （for NO） if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;
　　NG （for NOT GIVEN） if the information is not given in the passage.

For questions 5-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

What Will We Do For Work

　　I believe that 90% of white-collar jobs in the U.S. will be either destroyed or altered beyond recognition in the next 10 to 15 years. That's a catastrophic prediction, given that 90% of us are engaged in white-collar work of one sort or another. Even most manufacturing jobs these days are connected to such white-collar services as finance, human resources and engineering.

　　I talked to an old London loader some time back. He allowed that in 1970 it took 108 guys about five days to unload a timber ship. Then came containerization. The comparable task today takes eight folks one day. That is, a 98.5% reduction in man-days, from 540 total to just eight.

　　This time the productivity aims to reconstruct——make that deconstruct——the white-collar world. In fact, I see a five-sided movement that will bring to my apparently fantastic “90% in 10 years” prediction.

　　FIRST The destructive nature of the current flavor of competition, dotcom company.

　　Sure, most will fail. But the survivors will exert enormous pressure — fast! — on the Big Guys. When an Amazon or a Charles Schwab moves into your neighborhood, you've got moments to react. Or take king entrepreneur Jim Clark of Netscape fame. His latest venture, Healtheon/WebMD, intends to squeeze hundreds of billions of dollars of waste out of the health-care system. These new firms aim to create nothing less than havoc in the theaters in which they operate.

　　SECOND Enterprise software.

　　It's a name for the tools that will hook up every aspect of a business's innards internal organs ——personnel, production, sales, accounting——and then hook up all that hooked-up stuff to the rest of the “family” of suppliers and the suppliers' suppliers and wholesalers and retailers and end users.

　　They are your nightmare, these “white-collar robots.” The complex products from German software giant SAP will do to your company's internal organs exactly what robots and containerization did to the blue-collar world in 1960. Installing these tools is not easy. The technical part is distressing; the politics are dreadful. When the blue-collar robots arrived, the unions revolted against it. This time it's management official who are opposing technological change. Why? These tools threaten their comfortable status, carefully crafted over several generations.

　　But the robots did come. And they triumphed.

　　THIRD Outsourcing

　　M.I.T.'s No. 1 computer professor, Michael Dertouzos, said India could easily boost its GDP by a trillion dollars in the next few years performing secret white-collar tasks for Western companies. He guessed that 50 million jobs from the white-collar West could go south to India, whose population hit 1 billion last week. The average annual salary for each of those 50 million new Indian workers: $20,000.

　　FOURTH The Web.

　　Ford, GM and DaimlerChrysler announce a rare combination. They will link all their tens of thousands of suppliers into a single, Internet-based network. This entity will include $250 billion annually of suppliers' products （and perhaps an additional $500 billion of those suppliers' suppliers' products）. In short, every penny of waste will be compressed from the huge procurement system. The order cycle will speed up dramatically. Medibuy aims for the same hat trick in medical supplies, DigitalThink in training, CarStation in the auto-body-shop world. This is the white-hot world of B2B （business to business） electronic commerce, which will soon encompass trillions of dollars in transactions.

　　FIFTH Time compression.

　　It took 37 years for the radio to get to 50 million homes. The Web got there in four. Hence my belief that while it took about a century to revolutionize blue-collar job practices, this brave new white-collar social system will be mostly installed in a tenth of that time——10 years.

　　Each of these five forces is fact, not image. Each influences the others multiplicatively. Therefore I am unwilling to withdraw my predictions about the power of the white-collar storm bearing down on us. Upsetting madness is in process. These forces are liberating. Blue-collar robots work out of factory and warehouse. The same will happen to white-collar work. My dad did it for 41 years at the　Baltimore Gas & Electric Co. He was, sad to say, a white-collar indentured servant（契约佣工）.

　　The world is going through more fundamental change than it has in hundreds, perhaps thousands of years. The head economist Sandia National Laboratories, Arnold Baker, said it's the“ biggest change since the cavemen began bartering.” Do you want to be player, a full-scale participant who embraces change? Here is the opportunity to participate in the lovely, messy playground called “Let's reinvent the world.”

　　Here's a new role model I call Icon Woman:

　　She is turned on by her work!

　　The work is cool!

　　She is an adventurer!

　　She is the CEO of her life!

　　My Icon Woman, of course, embraces and exploits the Web.

　　She submits her resume on the Web and keeps it perpetually active there.

　　She is recruited and negotiates and is hired on the Web.

　　She is trained on the Web.

　　She creates and conducts brilliant projects on the Web via a far-flung“ virtual” stable of teammates （most of whom she's never met）.

　　She manages her career on the Web. And she has a personal website!

　　In approximately 2010, she will be at home, working——for the next several months——for Ford on a cruel difficult engineering problem. Her 79-member project team, only one of whom she's met face-to-face （she considers face-to-face as a quaint idea）, comes from 14 nations. Her fully wired home is her castle.

　　You maybe disprove. Is this“ be wild and crazy and Webby and CEO of your own life” picture—anything other than New Age/new economy?

　　I think it is relevant and real rather than wild and crazy——on at least two important scores.

　　One is that though my “house” is in Vermont, I've hung my professional license in Palo Alto since 1981. All is breaking loose “out there/here.” These folks may sound weird, but they may also be redefining the world.

　　Two is back to the future! I constantly remind my middle-aged seminar participants that the quintessential Americans are changing……Who are? Ben Franklin （the father of self-help literature）. Ralph Waldo Emerson （self-reliance was his trait）. Walt Whitman, motivational leader Tony Robbins, and Bentonville, Arkansas' Sam Walton…… and Bill Gates.

　　Two is back to the future! I constantly remind my middle-aged seminar participants that the quintessential Americans are changing……Who are? Ben Franklin （the father of self-help literature）. Ralph Waldo Emerson （self-reliance was his trait）. Walt Whitman, motivational leader Tony Robbins, and Bentonville, Arkansas' Sam Walton…… and Bill Gates.

　　WHAT IF?

　　Maybe the wild new-economy America is the old America. Truer to ourselves. We came here to break free, to make our records in our awkward ways.

　　Like Grandpa, I am facing extinction, only by this new set of powerful forces. I make most of my living giving live seminars and training programs and as a management consultant. It's all gravitating to the Web——gravitating. It's moving at the speed of light. I am scrambling to reinvent myself, to not just “cope” but to exploit the new communication and connection media.

　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1 上作答。

　　1. In U.S., the 90% of the jobs are white-collar jobs as finance, human resource and engineering.

　　2. Containerization makes a 98.5% reduction in man-days on unloading the ship.

　　3. Amazon wants to develop the Health eon/web MD to save hundreds of billions of dollars.

　　4. The management official won't welcome the blue-collar robots that the unions revolt against.

　　5. The professor Michael Dertouzos guessed that India could increase GDP by a trillion dollars in the flowing few years by way of_____________.

　　6. The combination of Ford, GM and DaimlerChrysler aims to compress waste from _____________.

　　7. According to the author, it will take about __________ to reconstruct new white-collar world.

　　8. The head economist Arnold Baker believed that the world is going through the most fundamental change since __________.

　　9. The new role model Icon Woman deals with everything about work on _____________.

　　10. The author is changing himself to take full advantage of _________________.

Part II Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements.

　　Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2.

　　Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.

　　China is in the midst of one of the most remarkable expansions of higher education ever attempted. And although Yun Ying, a professor of physics education at Southeast University in Nanjing, may be only a bit player, she's passionate about reforming science education.

　　Yun is leading her own minirevolution. Her introductory physics course addresses a national priority, namely, to foster economic growth by producing not just more, but more creative, scientists and engineers.

　　Those two principles underlie her “Bilingual Physics With Multimedia” text and CD-ROM, a freshman course she has been developing since the mid-1980s that has been adopted by 10 Chinese universities. The course not only teaches the English that students need to discuss physics but also requires students to research physics topics and present their findings to the class. That's a dramatic change from the memorization demanded in typical introductory science courses.

　　Yun's course deviates from the traditional approach in Chinese schools, in which those who can memorize get better scores on tests than those who learn the text creatively. The textbook contains standard freshman-level lessons in momentum and energy, harmonic motion, and wave-particle duality. All explanations are given in depth in English with Chinese translations of key passages. The CD-ROM includes video clips illustrating various principles.

　　Even more unusual is the requirement that students select a topic, research it on their own or in a small group, and then present their findings in a class seminar——all in English. Other students can ask questions, make comments, or challenge the conclusions—— unprecedented conduct for Chinese undergraduates.

　　Despite the use of English, Yun hasn't watered down the content. Some of that may be due to Southeast's ranking as one of the country's top 10 comprehensive universities, with a particular strength in engineering.

　　Yun is pleased with the positive reaction to her course. Two years ago, she offered a teacher-training course for schools considering adoption of the text and CD-ROM, and now she's working on a teaching and learning guidebook. The increasing number of faculty members who were trained in the United States or Europe has sparked interest in reforming teaching at Chinese universities. A one semester course taken primarily by engineering students may have a limited impact on Chinese education. But for those calling for an educational revolution in China, it's a good place to start.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2 上作答。

　　1147. A professor of Southeast University, Yun Ying is eager to ____________.

　　1248. What is demanded in typical introductory science courses?

　　1349. In Chinese the traditional approach, who get better scores on tests?

　　1450. Yun hasn't reduced the content partly because of _________________.

　 1551. Because of positive action to her course, now Yun is engaged in _______________.

Section B

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A）, B）, C） and D）. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.

　　Geothermal energy is natural heat from the interior of the Earth that is converted to heat buildings and generate electricity. The idea of harnessing Earth's internal heat is not new. As early as 1904, geothermal power was used in Italy. Today, Earth's natural internal heat is being used to generate electricity in 21 countries, including Russia, Japan, New Zealand, Iceland, Mexico, Ethiopia, Guatemala, El Salvador, the Philippines, and the United States. Total worldwide production is approaching 9,000 MW （equivalent to nine large modern coalburning or nuclear power plants）-double the amount in 1980. Some 40 million people today receive their electricity from geothermal energy at a cost competitive with that of other energy sources. In El Salvador, geothermal energy is supplying 30% of the total electric energy used. However, at the global level, geothermal energy supplies less than 0.15% of the total energy supply.

　　Geothermal energy may be considered a nonrenewable energy source when rates of extraction are greater than rates of natural replenishment. However, geothermal energy has its origin in the natural heat production within Earth, and only a small fraction of the vast total resource base is being utilized today. Although most geothermal energy production involves the tapping of high heat sources, people are also using the low-temperature geothermal energy of groundwater in some applications.

　　The average heat flow from the interior of the Earth is very low, about 0.06 W/m2. This amount is trivial compared with the 177 W/m2 from solar heat at the surface in the United States. However, in some areas, heat flow is sufficiently high to be useful for producing energy. For the most part, areas of high heat flow are associated with plate tectonic boundaries. Oceanic ridge systems （divergent plate boundaries） and areas where mountains are being uplifted and volcanic island arcs are forming （convergent plate boundaries） are areas where this natural heat flow is anomalously high.

　　The environmental impact of geothermal energy may not be as extensive as that of other sources of energy, but it can be considerable. When geothermal energy is developed at a particular site, environmental proble