-中考易错题汇编：动词时态和语态.doc

易错题汇编：动词时态与语态 一The twins, Who their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground.A. will finish B. finish C. have finished D. had finished【考点】考察时态【答案】D【解析】句义：已经完成了他们的家庭作业，这对双胞胎被允许在操场上打羽毛球。根据句义可知他们完成作业是在被允许到操场上打羽毛球之前。而他们被允许打羽毛球已经使用了一般过去时，所以完成作业应该使用过去完成时。故D正确。【举一反三】- Peter, do you know who_ my dictionary ?-Sorry , I dont know . I didnt do it .A. has taken away B. was taking away C. had taken away D. is taking away【答案】A试题分析：句意：-皮特，你知道谁把我的字典拿走了吗？-对不起，我不知道，我没有拿。这里拿走发生在过去，强调对现在造成的影响，不知在什么地方，故用现在完成时。二 . -Hi, lets go skating. - Sorry, Im busy right now. I _ in an application form for a new job.A. fillB. have filledC. am fillingD. will fill【考点】考察时态【答案】C【解析】句意：喂，我们五滑冰吧！对不起，我现在很忙，我正在填写一份新的工作申请表。根据句意可知本句是在叙述说话时正在进行，正在发生的事情，所以使用现在进行时。故C正确。【试题延伸】时态题的考查关键是抓住句子的上下文含义和句中的时间状语。要根据时间状语来选择合适的时态，在平时的学习中要注意积累有关时态的用法和各种时态的特殊之处。【举一反三】I hear you in a pub. whats it like?Well, its very hard work and Im always tired, but I dont mind.A.are workingB.will work C.were working D.will be working【答案】A【考点】考查动词的时态。【解析】句意为“我听说你在酒吧里上班，这份工作怎么样？咳，这是份辛苦活，老感到累，不过我不介意。”对话所用的现在时表明现在还在酒吧里上班，用现在进行时描述现阶段长期重复的一个动作。故选A。三. Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _ half an hour. A. byB. inC. forD. until【考点】考察将来时和介词使用【答案】B【解析】本题的关键是the train to the airport leaves火车将要离开；在这句话里使用了一般现在时代替将来时，表示按照车站的时间表列车进出。实际上本句是一个将来时，四个选项里只有“in+一段时间”可以和将来时连用。句意：Jane很着急，因为去机场的火车半小时以后就要出发了。故B正确。四.- What time is it? - I have no idea. But just a minute, I _ it for you.A. checkB. checkedC. will checkD. would check【考点】考察时态【答案】C【解析】本题考察的是will的一个特殊用法。句意：现在几点了？我不知道。可是请你稍等，我现在就帮你看一下。根据句意可知不可能是过去发生的事情，排除BD项。我为你去看时间属于将要发生的事情，所以使用will表示临时决定要做某事。故C正确。五. I found the lecture hard to follow because it _ when I arrived. A. startedB. was startingC. would startD. had started【考点】考察时态【答案】D【解析】句意：我发现这个报告很难懂，因为当我到的时候，它已经开始了。根据句意可知这个报告是在我到达之前就开始看，而句中我到达使用了arrived，而报告是在这之前发生的，所以使用过去完成时。故D正确。【举一反三】Peter , where did you guys go for the summer vacation?We_ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves. A. were B. have been C. had been D. will be答案C.考点考查时态题.解析我们去海边发生在过去. 而我们忙于工作在此之前. 因此用过去完成时.六. Unless extra money_, the theatre will close.A. was found B. finds C. is found D. found 【考点】考察时态【答案】C【解析】本题考察的是时态。句义：除非找到另外的投资，否则这个电影院就监视被关闭。本句中Unless引导的是一个条件状语从句，使用一般现在时代替将来时，后面的主句使用将来时。根据句义可知mony和find构成被动关系，所以也要使用被动语态。故C正确。七. The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody _ them since.A. sees B. saw C. has seen D. had seen 【考点】考察时态【答案】C【解析】句义：这些报告在2012年就不见了，从那以后没有人看见过它们。本句的关键词是since自从那时。根据句义可知是指自从2012年这些文件不见是开始，到现在为止没有人看见。Since经常和现在完成时连用的。故C正确。【举一反三】The window is dirty. I know. It _ for weeks. A. hasnt cleaned B. didnt clean C. wasnt cleaned D. hasnt been cleaned答案D考点该题是根据交际情景中考查动词时态与语态。解析关键词for weeks, 考虑现在完成时, 表示到目前为止的结果, 好几周不擦了；窗户与擦的关系是被动关系, 故被动语态。句意；“窗户很脏了。”“我知道。好几周没有擦了。”注：由终止性动词leave, arrive, come, go, return, begin, start, put, stop, start, put, stop, die, fall, buy, borrow, see等构成的完成时不能与for或since引导的时间状语连用。但这些终止性动词的否定式可以与for或since短语连用。如：I havent met him for two years.八Havent seen you for ages! Where have you been? I went to Ningxia and there for one year, teaching as a volunteer. A. stayed B. stay C. had stayed D. am staying【考点】考察时态【答案】A【解析】句义：很久没有看见你了！你到哪里去了？我去了宁夏，并在那里待了一年时间，作教书的志愿者。本句只是叙述我过去在宁夏待了一年，没有强调过去发生的事情对现在的影响。而且也没有持续到现在，因为我已经回来了。所以不需要使用完成时，使用一般过去时陈述事实即可。故A正确。【举一反三】-Where_the recorder ?I can not see it anywhere. -I_it right here.But now it is gone!A. did you put,have put B. have you put, putC. had you put,was putting D. were you putting,have put【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：考查时态。句意：你把录音机放在什么地方了？我找不到。我就放在这儿。但是现在不见了。根据句意说明第一空询问的是过去发生的事情对现在的影响，故使用现在完成时。第二空就是陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故B正确。九 Since the time humankind started gardening, we _to make our environment more beautiful.A. try B. have been tryingC. are tryingD. will try【考点】考察时态【答案】B【解析】本题考察时态，关键词是since.自从；since引导的从句经常要和现在完成时以及现在完成进行时连用。句义：自从人类开始搞园艺活动到现在，我们一直都在让我们的环境更美丽。本句使用现在完成进行时，强调动作的持续性和反复性。故B正确。【试题延伸】关键是抓住句子的上下文含义和句中的时间状语。要根据时间状语来选择合适的时态，在平时的学习中要注意积累有关时态的用法和各种时态的特殊之处。如since， so far等经常与现在完成时连用。在条件状语从句中用一般现在时代替将来时等等。【举一反三】He_ articles for our wall-newspaper these years, and he_ about thirty articles.A. has written; wrote B. has been writing; wroteC. is writing; has been writing D. has been writing; has written【答案】D【解析】试题分析：第一个空表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在，并且有可能持续下去，故用现在完成进行时；第二个空表示自过去某一时刻到说话时这段时间中的经历，用现在完成时。十 Whenever you, a present, you should think about it from the receivers point of view.A. boughtB. have bought C. will buyD. buy【考点】考察时态【答案】D【解析】本题考察的是时态。在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，通常使用一般现在时代替将来时，后面的主句通常使用将来时。句义：无论何时你购买礼物的时候，你都应该从接受者的角度来考虑问题。故D正确。【举一反三】Frank_ London by train which _ at 8:30 next morning.A. is leaving for ; will leave B. is leaving for; leavesC. will leave for; will leave D. leaves for ; leaves【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查将来时的表达法。现在进行时代替将来时表示按照计划安排要发生的事情。用一般现在时代替将来时表示按照机场，车站的时间表要发生的事情。本题第一空是指按照安排要发生的事情，第二空指按照时刻表要发生的事情。故B正确。十一How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?Well, the media_it in a variety of forms.A. coverB. will coverC. have coveredD. covered【考点】考察时态【答案】C【解析】句意：你对即将在南京举行的青奥会了解多少？很好，媒体以多种形式对青奥会举行了报道。根据本句中的well，可知后者对青奥会很了解。这主要是因为媒体多种形式的报道，本句使用现在完成时体现出过去所发生的事情对现在的影响。故C正确。【试题延伸】动词时态是高考的热点，英语的时态多，又很复杂，现在的高考不是纯粹考时态的问题，而是把它们放在一定的语言环境里，让考生根据特定的环境来确定答案。【举一反三】- Peter, do you know who_ my dictionary ?-Sorry , I dont know . I didnt do it .A. has taken away B. was taking away C. had taken away D. is taking away【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：-皮特，你知道谁把我的字典拿走了吗？-对不起，我不知道，我没有拿。这里拿走发生在过去，强调对现在造成的影响，不知在什么地方，故用现在完成时。十二.-Tony , why are your eyes red ?-I _ up peppers for the last five minutes .A. cut B. was cutting C. had cut D. have been cutting 【考点】考察时态【答案】D【解析】本题考察的是现在完成进行时。句义：Tony，为什么你的眼睛那么红啊？在过去的的5分钟里，我一直都在切辣椒。根据句义可知本句表示在过去的一段时间里一直都在做某事，所以使用现在完成进行时表示动作的持续性和反复性。故D正确。【举一反三】-Weve spent too much money recently.-Well，it isnt surprising. Our friends and relatives _ around all the time.A. are coming B. had come C. were coming D. have been coming【答案】D【解析】试题分析：考查时态：句意:-最近我们花了很多钱。-不奇怪。我们的朋友和亲戚一直过来。可知最近一段时间一直有亲戚朋友来，用现在完成进行时。选D。十三 Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we_. A. will expect B. are expecting C. expect D. had expected 【考点】考察时态【答案】D【解析】本题考察的时态。句义：手工写下所有的邀请函要比我们预料的花去更多的时间。根据句义可知我们预料是在实际上写之前发生的，而本句中实际写花去的时间使用了过去时was，所以expect使用过去完成时。故D正确。【试题延伸】时态题的考察要特别注意动词发生的先后顺序，尤其是现在完成时或者过去完成时，这一点特别明显。【举一反三】-We didnt find Smith attending the lecture.-No one _ him about _ a lecture the following day.A. told; there to be B. had told; there to be C. told; there was D. had told; there being【答案】D【解析】考查时态和非谓语。根据前面一句可知told动作发生在didnt find之前，故用过去完成时;而about是个介词，故后面应用there being .十四 They made up their mind that they_ a new house once Larry changed jobs. A. bought B. would buy C. have bought D. had bought 【考点】考察时态【答案】B【解析】本题考察的是时态。句义：他们决定，一旦larry 换了工作，他们就买一个新房子。本句中的would表示的是过去将来时。他们是在过去决定一个将要发生的事情，所以使用过去将来时。故B正确。十五. During his stay in Xian, Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends _,A. would recommend B. had recommended C. have recommended D. were recommending【考点】考察时态【答案】B【解析】句义：在Jerry待在西安期间，他尝试了他的朋友向他推荐的几乎所有的食物。根据句义可知他的朋友向他推荐食物是在Jeery尝试的食物之前，句中已经使用了tried，所以推荐使用过去完成时。故B正确。十六. She _ someone, so I nodded to her and went away.A. phoned B. had phoned C. was phoning D. has phoned【考点】考察上下文语境时态【答案】C 【解析】句意：她正在和一个人打电话，于是我向她点了下头便走了。根据后句I nodded to her and went away“我只向她点了下头”说明她正在打电话。所以使用过去进行时表示在过去某个时间正在进行的事情。故C正确。【举一反三】I called Hannah many times yesterday evening, but I couldnt get through. Her brother _ on the phone all the time.A. has been talkingB. was talkingC. has talkedD. talked【答案】B试题分析：考查时态：句意：我昨天晚上给汉娜打了几次电话，但一直打不通，他弟弟一直在打电话，说明是昨天晚上我打电话的时候，她的弟弟一直在打电话.用过去进行时，选B。十七. We wont start the work until all the preparations _.A. are being made B. will be made C. have been made D. had been made【考点】考察时态【答案】C【解析】通常说来。在时间状语从句中使用一般现在时代替将来时，前面的主句中使用将来时。在高中英语中也使用现在完成时代替将来时，表示到将来某个时间已经完成的事情。句义：直到所有的准备工作都做好以后，我们才开始工作。故C正确。十八. Sofia looked around at all the faces: she had the impression that she _ most of the guests before. A. has seen B. had seen C. saw D. would see【考点】考察时态【答案】B【解析】句意：Sofia回顾四周所有的脸庞，她有印象她之前见过大部分的客人。根据句意可知她见过这么多的客人是在她拥有这个印象之前发生的事情，本句中had说明看见这么多客人应该使用过去完成时。故B正确。【举一反三】-We didnt find Smith attending the lecture.-No one _ him about _ a lecture the following day.A. told; there to be B. had told; there to be C. told; there was D. had told; there being【答案】D【解析】考查时态和非谓语。根据前面一句可知told动作发生在didnt find之前，故用过去完成时;而about是个介词，故后面应用there being .十九. Youd better write down her phone number before you _ it .A.forget B. are forgetting C.forgot D. will gorget【考点】考察时态【答案】A【解析】本题考察的是时态题中的一个常考的用法。在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，常常使用一般现在时代替将来时。本句中的连词before引导的就是一个时间状语从句，所以使用一般现在时代替将来时。句意：在你忘记之前最好把他的电话号码写下来。故A正确。【举一反三】The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people_ to eat more fruit and vegetables.A. persuade B. will persuadeC. be persuaded D. are persuaded【答案】D【解析】考查时态和语态。在条件句和时间状语从句中，使用一般现在时代替将来时，主语用将来时。而且人们是被说服吃更多的水果和蔬菜。故D正确。二十.James has just arrived, but I didnt know he _until yesterday.A. will comeB.was coming C. had comeD. came【考点】考察时态【答案】B【解析】本题考察的是过去进行时表示过去将来时的用法。当表示事先计划好的，安排好的要发生的事情，且谓语动词是一些表示位置变化的动词，如：leave, come等的时候，可以使用进行时表示将来时。句意：James已经到了，但是知道昨天我才知道他要来。根据句意可知他要来这里是计划好的事情，且动词come表示的是位置变化。故B正确。【举一反三】The moment _ soon, he thought to himself, waiting nervously. A. cameB. has comeC. was comingD. is coming【答案】D【解析】本题考查时态。【解析】根据soon可知为将来的事情，且是直接引语，应为现在，所以选D，进行时态表将来。动词的时态 现在进行时态表将来。