新概念第二册56课.doc

2015.3.27
L56 faster than sound

一、 本课短语
1、be held for 为***举办 held原形hold
2、a great deal of 大量的
3、after a great many loud explosions 在一阵喧闹的爆炸声后
4、many of the cars 许多车
5、broke down 抛锚 broke 原形break
6、 on the course 在跑道上
7、a speed of forty miles an hour时速40英里
8、any of its rivals 任何对手
9、at the end of在***的结束
10、have trouble trying to stop it 费很大劲把它（车）停下
Have trouble (in) doing sth
11、no less 不少于 （双重否定为肯定）

二、单词讲解
★sound
① n. 声音
sound n. 任何声音都可以
voice n. 人的声音
noise n. 和周围不和谐的声音, 躁音
② v. 听起来
Eg:这听起来不错。That sounds good.
③ adj. 等于reasonable 合理的, 有道理的
我有一个合理的建议。
Eg: I have a piece of sound advicesound
区别：soundly adj.香甜的 sleep soundly
★excitement n. 激动, 兴奋
短语：to one's excitement… 令某人激动的是……
Eg:令大家激动的是，尽管很难，但是他仍然赢得了那个奖项。
Eg:To everyone’s excitement, though it was very difficult, he won the prize.
excite vt. 使兴奋, 使激动
短语：The most exciting thing is that… 最令人激动的是……

短语：It excited me that… 让我激动的是……

★handsome
用于男性, 指“相貌英俊、温文尔雅”; 用于女性时, 指“身材匀称, 仪表端正”（女汉子）; 用于儿童时, 指“外貌俊秀”; 用于其他事物时, 指“悦目或大方”。
Eg:Your husband is handsome.你丈夫很帅
区别分析：
1）beautiful “漂亮的” 最普通用词, 可用于人、物、景色等。通过感官产生思想和灵魂的愉悦 。
2）pretty 美丽(多用于女孩或小孩)，有柔美的意思。
跟男性连用就表示没有阳刚气，女性化。
Money will buy a pretty dog, but it won‘t buy the wag of his tail. 
 金钱能买到一条不错的狗，但是买不到它的摇动尾巴。
3）good-looking adj. 很好看的，外貌美的
Eg:Good looks are not as important as kindness.
Eg:好的容貌没有好的心肠重要。
4）nice adj. 美好的(人，天气, 食物, 物品的品质等)，人的品格
Eg:你真好。You are so nice.
5)lovely adj. 可爱的
Eg:我的小女儿像天使一样可爱。
My little daughter is as lovely as an angel.
★Rolls-Royce 劳斯莱斯
★Bens 奔驰
★wheel n.轮子
eg:Put your shoulder to the wheel.努力工作
★explosion n. 爆炸, 轰响
eg:After the second explosion, all of London‘s main train and subway stations were shut down.
在第二次爆炸之后，伦敦的主要火车和地铁站都关闭了。
explosive adj. 爆炸(性)的 n. 爆炸物,炸药
eg: has/have an explosive temper性情暴躁
explode V. 爆炸, 爆发
eg:George caught the look and decided that he had better leave before she exploded.
乔治发现她脸色不好，决定最好在她爆发之前离开
★Course n. 跑道，行程，课程
on the course 按照轨道运行
off course 偏离轨道
of course 当然
eg:The ship is on course.那只船沿着航线航行。
Eg:The plane was many miles off course.
那架飞机偏离航线很多英里。
n. 课程
eg:这学期我学了七门课。This term, I took seven courses.
★rival n. 对手
eg:The book has no rival in its field.
那本书在同类书中鹤立鸡群。
★seed---sped---sped
1. v. 疾驶，急行
Eg:The police car sped past us.
警车急驰而过，超过了我们。
Eg:Slow down. You're speeding.
放慢些,你超速了。
2. n. 速度
at the speed of 以……的速度
eg:The car goes at the speed of 40 miles an hour.
此车以车速40公里/小时的速度行驶。
• speed up 加速 slow down 减速
★downhill adv. 下坡 uphill 上坡

练习题：
1. The _________(爆炸)  sent us running in all directions.
2. John couldn‘t keep cool when he met his _____(对手).
3. He tells a story which _______(听起来) not true.
4. You have to put your shoulder to the w______ if you want to finish your article by tomorrow.
5. We'd better  s_______ up if we want to get there in time.
6. He is as __________(潇洒的) as can be.
7. Business has been going _________(下坡)recently.
8. Our ________(行程)was straight to the north.
9. She was unable to hold back her ___________(激动).
⑴Explosion ⑵rival ⑶sounds ⑷heel ⑸peed ⑹handsome
⑺downhill 　⑻course  ⑼excitement

三、课文讲解
1）Once a year, a race is held for old cars. A lot of cars entered for this race last year and there was a great deal of excitement just before it began.
is held for: be held for 为……而举行
eg:A meeting will be held for discussing the problem.
明天要召开一个会议来讨论这个问题。

entered for: 参加
eg:She will enter for a beauty contest.她将参加选美比赛。

a great deal of: 大量的
1. 只加可数名词复数
a great many， many a, a great number of
2. 只加不可数名词
a great deal of
3. 既可数名词复数又可加不可数名词
a lot of, plenty of

2）One of the most handsome cars was a Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost. The most unusual car was a Benz which had only three wheels. Built in 1885, it was the oldest car taking part.

One of：
如果在定语从句中出现了one of 作为先行词，它后面的关系代词指代的是后面的复数名词
如果在one of 前面还有一修饰词only，那么后面的关系代词指代one 这个词，才作单数看
Eg:he is the only one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths.
One of 直接作主语的时候，它是做单数看待的

Built in 1885：built引导的过去分词短语起状语的作用，说明动作发生的背景或情况。

taking part：理解为：it was the oldest car taking part in the race
take part in 参加某种活动

3）After a great many loud explosions, the race began. Many of the cars broke down on the course and some drivers spent more time under their cars than in them!

Many of the cars: 车子当中的许多 many cars 许多车子
Many of my students 我教过的许多学生 many students 许多学生
Some of the pictures 照片中的一些 some pictures 照片

broke down：break down 车子抛锚，（机械等）出故障
eg:This morning I was late for work, because my car broke down twice.
今天早上我上班迟到了，因为我的车坏了两次。

under their cars: under the car指在车下面修理
in the car指正常驾驶
eg: I spent almost 2 hours under the car, but only 15 minutes in the car!
我花了将近2个小时修理，却只开了15分钟的车。

4）A few cars, however, completed the race. The winning car reached a speed of forty miles an hour -- much faster than any of its rivals.

much faster：快得多，mush,far,little修饰比较级,most修饰最高级

5）It sped downhill at the end of the race and its driver had a lot of trouble trying to stop it.

at the end of:在……的末尾/最后部分
eg:他在会议要结束的时候，讲了几句话。
He spoke a few words at the end of the meeting.

had a lot of trouble trying :
have trouble (in) doing sth.
干……有麻烦，做……很困难
Eg:They had some trouble finding out the cause of the fire.
他们在找出火灾的原因的时候遇到了困难。

6)The race gave everyone a great deal of pleasure. It was very different from modern car races but no less exciting.
give sb. pleasure 给某人带来欢乐
eg:It gave me great pleasure to meet you.见到你使我非常高兴。

give sb. a fright 吓了某人一跳

give sb. a surprise 给某人一个惊喜，惊讶

be different from 和……不同

be the same as 和……相同

no less 仍然，依旧，还是 相当于the same，still 双重否定等于肯定
eg:It is no less good.这也一样好

令某人激动的是…… to one's excitement…
以……的速度 at the speed of
参加某种活动 take part in
车子抛锚，（机械等）出故障 break down
在……的末尾/最后部分 at the end of…
干……有麻烦，做……很困难 have trouble (in) doing sth.
给某人带来欢乐 give sb. pleasure
和……相同 be the same as
和……不同 be different from
仍然，依旧，还是 no less