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(每日一练)(精选试题附答案)高中英语必修一Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld必须掌握的典型题
单选题
1、Unsuccessful people can always find reasons ________ they’re not doing well.
A.for whichB.thatC.of whichD.where
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:没有成功的人总是能找到他们做不好的理由。分析句子结构可知,空格前reasons作先行词,空格处应填定语从句的引导词,分析从句成分可知,从句中缺少状语,所以应用why或for which引导定语从句。故选A。
2、Regulations _____ that students attend at least 90% of the lectures.
A.demandB.askC.requireD.request
答案:C
考查动词词义辨析。句意:规定要求学生至少参加90%的课程。A. demand表示有正当权利的要求,因此含有“坚决或强烈要求”的意思;B. ask 一般用的比较多,比较通俗,语气也较客气;C. require表示“要求所必须的东西;法律、协定、规章以及其他客观情况的要求”;D. request则表示“有礼貌的请求或正式的请求。根据句意以及主语Regulations可知,是指“规章制度对学生的要求”。故选C项。
3、My attitude________him is that of a friend.
A.toB.asC.onD.For
答案:A
考查介词搭配。句意:我对他的态度是朋友的态度。A. to 朝、对于;B. as 作为、正如;C. on 在……之上;D. for 为了。分析句意再根据attitude可知,此处用介词to与attitude构成固定搭配,表示“对……的态度”符合语境。故选A项。
4、We are talking about the case ______ he was accused ______ theft.
A.that; inB.where, ofC.which; toD.what; on
答案:B
考查定语从句和固定搭配。句意:我们正在谈论他被指控偷窃的案件。先行词是the case,在从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where引导限制性定语从句,固定搭配be accused of (被指控)。故选B项。
5、The man ________ you shook hands just now is our new English teacher.
A.with whomB.whomC.with whichD.which
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:你刚才和他握手的那个人是我们的新英语老师。分析句子结构可知,______ you shook hands just now为定语从句,shake hands with sb.为固定用法,先行词the man,指人,在定语从句中作介词with的宾语,需用关系代词whom引导。故选A。
6、It is one of the most surprising moments in Oscars history ________actor Will Smith walked on stage and slapped Chris Rock for a joke ________ Rock made about Smith’s wife’s hair.
A.which...thatB.that...whenC.when...thatD.that...which
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:这是奥斯卡历史上最令人惊讶的时刻之一,演员Will Smith走上舞台,打了Chris Rock一巴掌,因为Rock对Smith妻子的头发开了个玩笑。根据句意及句子结构可知,第一空是定语从句,先行词是moments,在从句中作时间状语,用关系副词when引导。第二空考查定语从句,引导词指代先行词a joke,在从句中作宾语,引导词应填that/which/不填。故选C。
7、She is going through a difficult phase ________ she will not only complete her college course but also look after her sick father.
A.whereB.whatC.whichD.why
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:她正在经历一个困难的阶段,她不仅要完成大学课程,还要照顾生病的父亲。空处引导一个定语从句,先行词是phase,表示“阶段,时期”,表示抽象的地点,关系词在从句中作地点状语,应用where引导,故选A项。
8、The president of Harvard pioneered the elective system______ students were able to choose their own courses of study.
A.on whichB.about whichC.to whichD.by which
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:哈佛大学的校长率先推出了选修课,学生可以选择自己的课程。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词system,且根据此处表示“学生可以借助系统选择自己的课程”,表示“借助”应用介词by,做介词的宾语且指“系统”应用关系代词which。故选D。
9、Later in this chapter the case will be introduced to readers ______ consumers’ support became a stream of motivation for improvement of the company.
A.whoB.whenC.whichD.where
答案:D
考查定语从句关系词。句意:之后,在这章中,这种案例将会被介绍给读者,在这种案例中,消费者的支持变成了对于公司提升的一股激励的清泉。A. who谁,指代人;B. when什么时候,指代时间;C. which哪一个,指代物;D. where什么地方,指代地点。分析从句结构,主语consumers’ support消费者的支持,系动词became变成,表语a stream of motivation一股激励的清泉,结构完整,考虑关系副词。限制性定语从句修饰主句先行词case,在从句中作状语成分in the case,表示抽象地点,故选D。
10、Because of COVD-19, days are gone ________ local 5-star hotels charged 5,000 yuan for one night.
A.ifB.whenC.whichD.since
答案:B
考查连词。句意:受新冠肺炎疫情影响,当地5星级酒店一晚5000元的日子已经一去不复返了。分析句子可知,此处引导分割式限制性定语从句,先行词为days,关系副词when引导从句,在从句中作时间状语,相当于during which,意为“在那时”。故选B项。
11、Life is like a long race _______ we compete with each other to go beyond ourselves.
A.whereB.whichC.thatD.what
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:生活就像一场长跑,我们彼此竞争,超越自我。空格后的句子是由a long race所引导的定语从句。在定语从句中,缺地点状语,表示在这场长跑中,所以我们用关系副词where进行引导。故此题选A。
12、This is the place_____ John was born?
A.whichB.whereC.whenD.that
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:这是约翰出生的地方吗?根据题意可知,这是一个定语从句,先行词是地点the place,在定语从句中作状语,因此使用联系词where引导定语从句。故选B项。
小提示:
13、Is it the school ________ you once studied for two years ________ will be rebuilt with the help of the Hope Project?
A.where; thatB.that; whichC.when; whichD.which; that
答案:A
考查定语从句和强调句。句意:在希望工程的帮助下将要重建的是你曾经学习过两年的学校吗?第一空,分析句子结构,此题考查定语从句。先行词为school,从句中缺少地点状语,应填关系副词where引导,第二空,“is it+被强调部分+that+句子其他成分”为强调句的疑问句形式,应填that。故填A。
14、The accident has reached to the point ________both their parents are to be called in.
A.for whichB.whenC.whichD.where
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:事情发展到如此地步,不得不请双方家长来一趟了。分析句子结构可知,这是一个限制性定语从句,先行词point在从句中作地点状语,应该用关系副词where引导从句。故选D项。
15、Adults, ________overly concerned with fame and fortune, sometimes fail to see the joy in simple things ________ children do not.
A.unless … butB.although … and
C.when … whereD.even if … unless
答案:C
考查状语从句和定语从句。句意:当成年人过度关注名利时,有时看不到简单事物中的快乐,而孩子们则不会如此。A. unless … but 除非…… 但是;B. although … and 尽管……和;C. when … where 时候…… 哪里;D. even if … unless甚至……除非。分析句子结构及结合句意可知,该句主句是 Adults, sometimes fail to see the joy in simple things,其中间是一个时间状语从句,后面是一个定语从句;其中,时间状语从句省略句表示“当成年人过度关注名利时”,应该用连接副词when引导;定语从句(simple things ________ children do not fail to see the joy)中先行词是simple things,在从句中做地点状语,应该用关系副词where引导。故选C项。
16、On her birthday, she received a nice present from her parents _______ a note was attached, saying “We love you so much.”
A.from whichB.to whichC.in whichD.by which
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:在她生日那天,她收到了父母送给她的一份精美的礼物,上面有一张纸条,写着“我们非常爱你。”句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为present(礼物),根据从句中的was attached可知,先行词作be attached to的宾语,将to提到从句句首,其后用关系代词which指代先行词。故选B项。
17、Would you mind if I ________you a personal question?
A.askB.askingC.will askedD.asked
答案:D
考查虚拟语气。句意:你介意我问你一个私人问题吗?在“Would you mind if 从句”句型中,从句谓语常用一般过去时进行虚拟,故选D。
18、Eventually, the butterfly manages to reach the places ______ it will spend the winter.
A.whichB.whatC.whereD.that
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:最后,蝴蝶设法到达它将要过冬的地方。分析句子结构可知,先行词是the places表地点,从句当中主语是it,谓语是will spend,宾语是the winter,所以从句当中应该用关系副词where来作地点状语。故选C。
19、Have you read all the information that this case?
A.relateB.relate toC.relates toD.relates
答案:C
考查动词短语和主谓一致。句意:你读过所有与这个案子相关的信息了吗?表示“与……相关”短语为relate to,在定语从句中作谓语,且“that this case”为定语从句修饰先行词information,先行词在从句中作主语,从句为一般现在时,谓语动词与先行词保持一致,information是不可数名词,故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故选C。
20、He is an expert on rice planting ______ the local Zhuang people have learnt a lot.
A.by whichB.from whomC.by whomD.from which
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:他是一个水稻种植专家,当地的壮族人从他那儿已经学会了很多。分析句子成分可知,这是一个限制性定语从句,先行词expert,意为“专家”;又根据固定搭配learn sth. from sb. 意为“从某人那儿学到……”,所以应该用介词from;因此本句中,先行词为expert,指人,关系代词放在介词之后只能用whom,做定语从句的介词宾语。故选B项。
21、She always considers her best friend as someone________ she can share everything.
A.about whomB.with whomC.with whichD.about which
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:她总是认为她最好的朋友是一个可以分享一切的人。share sth. with sb.和某人分享某物。句中先行词为someone,在定语从句中作介词with的宾语,所以用关系代词whom引导。故选B。
22、That flood has been ________ several times to prove that it’s important to take preventive________.
A.referred to, actionsB.referred, measure
C.referred, actionD.referred to, measures
答案:D
考查动词短语和名词词义辨析。句意:人们多次提到那次洪水,以证明采取预防措施是很重要的。第一空表示“提到,提及”应用短语refer to;结合上文“it’s important to take preventive”指采取预防措施,应用take measures,也可以说成take action。故选D。
23、Despite such a big difference in ______ towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something special.
A.attitudeB.meansC.pointD.sight
答案:A
考查名词词义辨析。句意:尽管人们对吃什么的态度有很大的不同,但毫无疑问,西方人认为中国菜很特别。A.attitude 态度;B. means方法;C. point 观点;D. sight 视野,视力。短语attitude towards 表示“对……的态度”符合句意。故选A项。
24、The island ________ he lived with his children is far from the town.
A.whichB.for whichC.whoD.on which
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:他和孩子们居住的岛离城镇很远。分析句子可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为“island”,句中涉及固定短语“live on”,意为“住在……上”,先行词“island”作介词“on”的宾语,指物,故应用“介词on+关系代词which”引导从句,故空格处应填“on which”。故选D项。
25、Gillian Sandstorm, a senior lecturer in psychology at the University of Essex, investigated the extent ______people get happiness from weak-tie relationships.
A.whichB.whatC.to whichD.in which
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:埃塞克斯大学心理学高级讲师Gillian Sandstorm调查了人们从弱关系中获得幸福的程度。名词extent通常和介词to搭配,to the extent“……的程度,到……的程度”;空处引导定语从句,先行词extent在从句中作介词to的宾语,应用which。故选C。
小提示:
26、In the new TOFEL test, there are questions ________ test takers ________ read, listen and then speak into a microphone.
A.which … mustB.which … need
C.where … must `D.where … need
答案:C
考查定语从句和情态动词。句意:在新的托福考试中,有一些问题,考生必须阅读、倾听,然后对着麦克风说话。根据句型分析可知,第一空考查定语从句,先行词为questions,在从句中作状语,所以应选where;第二空考查情态动词,need作为情态动词一般只用于否定和疑问句中,肯定句中,need为实义动词,所以第二空应选must。故选C项。
27、The longer the war lasts, the ________ the people there will suffer.
A.manyB.muchC.moreD.most
答案:C
考查固定句型。句意:战争持续得越久,那里的人民就越受苦。“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,越……”是固定句型。分析选项可知,只有C项符合。故选C项。
28、Can you tell me how many athletes will ________ in the Olympic Games?
A.tapB.competeC.carveD.graduate
答案:B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:你能告诉我将会有多少运动员参加奥运会吗?A. tap 轻敲;B. compete参加比赛;C. carve 雕刻;D. graduate获得学位。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里是动词作从句谓语,需要“参加比赛”的意思,在情态动词will后面,要用动词原形。故选B。
29、I think we’ ve fixed everything, and I don’t _________finding any more problems.
A.accelerateB.accommodateC.anticipateD.appreciate
答案:C
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我想我们已经解决了所有事情,我预计不会再发现任何问题了。A. accelerate加快;B. accommodate容纳;C. anticipate预料;D. appreciate欣赏;感激。根据前半句“I think we’ ve fixed everything”可知,anticipate“预料”符合句意。故选C。
小提示:
30、The reason ________ he has been such a success is________he never gives up.
A.why, becauseB.that, whatC.that, thatD.why, that
答案:D
考查定语从句和表语从句。句意:他如此成功的原因是他从不放弃。分析句子结构可知,“he has been such a success”是定语从句,从句中不缺主语或宾语,先行词reason是原因,因此第一空用关系副词why,“he never gives up”是表语从句,从句中不缺主语或宾语,且句子意思完整,因此第二空用that引导表语从句,故选D。
完成句子
31、这是鲁迅住过的房子。
This is the house________ ________ ________ ________/________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案: where Lu Xun lived in which Lu Xun lived
考查定语从句。分析句子,设空处应该填写的是定语从句,修饰的是the house,定语从句中缺少地点状语,故使用where。同时也可以使用介词+关系代词的结构,关系代词指代前文的house,为物,故使用介词+which的结构引导定语从句。同时根据汉语提示,表示“居住”应用live in,定语从句表示的是过去发生的事,故使用一般过去时。故答案为①where ②Lu③Xun④ lived⑤ in ⑥which⑦ Lu⑧Xun⑨ lived。
32、尽管下着雨,我们还是出去了。(一句多译)
(1)We went out ______ the rain.
(2)We went out ______ ______ ______ the rain.
答案: despite in spite of
(1)考查介词。despite尽管,为介词形式,后接名词或动名词形式。根据句意,故填despite。
(2)考查介词短语。in spite of尽管,为介词短语,后接名词或动名词形式。根据句意,故填in spite of。
33、乔治太穷了,满足不了他家人的物质需求。
George is too poor to satisfy his family’s ________ ________.
答案: material needs/demands
考查固定短语。结合句意表示“物质需求”可知短语为material needs/demands。故填material needs/demands。
34、他在演讲中多次提及失业率上升是不明智的。
It is unwise in his speech to ________ ________ rising unemployment many times.
答案: refer to
考查动词短语。根据句意及所给句子可知,设空处缺动词“提及”,英语表达为refer to,空前to是不定式符号,此处应用动词原形。故填① refer;②to。
35、随着时间的推移,人们开始用“餐馆”这个词来指代卖汤的地方,而不是汤本身。(refer)
Over time, people began to use the word “restaurant” to ________________ selling soup rather than the soup itself.
答案:refer to a place
考查固定短语。结合句意表示“指代”可知短语为refer to,且上文为短语use sth. to do sth.;表示“地方”应用a place。故填refer to a place。
36、Written Chinese has also become an important means _____________ China's present ______________ its past.
汉字也成为连接中国现在与过去的一个重要媒介。
答案: by which is connected with
考查定语从句,固定短语,时态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知,第一空意为“通过”,第二空意为“与……连接”,分析句意和句子结构可知,第一空引导定语从句,由前面的means和固定短语by means of“通过”可知,空格处用“by which”引导定语从句,“与……连接”是固定短语be connected with,由前面的has可知,句子时态用一般现在时,主语present只用单数,因此第二空是is connected with。故填①by which;②is connected with。
37、当他谈到我们的写作时, 他没提到任何一个拼写错误。(refer. spelling)
________________ he talked about our writing.
答案:He didn't refer to any of spelling mistakes when
考查时态,短语和名词。根据中英文提示,空处缺少主句“他没提到任何一个拼写错误”和连词“当……时候”,根据句意和下文的talked应用一般过去时,主语he“他”,结合提示词,谓语refer to“提到”,宾语any of spelling mistakes“任何一个拼写错误”,when“当……时候”引导时间状语从句,故填He didn't refer to any of spelling mistakes when。
小提示:
38、他对这次旅行进行了生动的描述。
He ________ the tour. (description)
答案:gave a vivid description of
考查动词、形容词和短语。根据句意可知,本句时态可用一般过去时,表示“描述”用名词description;表示“对……进行描述”用短语gave a description of;表示“生动的”用形容词vivid;故答案为gave a vivid description of。
39、没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。
Nobody knows the reason ____________________________.
答案:why he is often late for school
考查定语从句、固定短语和时态。此处为定语从句修饰先行词reason,先行词在从句中作原因状语,应用why引导;表示“迟到”短语为be late for,后跟名词school,作宾语;表示“总是”应用副词often,从句应用一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数。故填why he is often late for school。
40、这部电影以一个真实故事为基础,非常受欢迎。(一句多译)
(1)The film ____________, and it is very popular.
(2)____________, the film is very popular.
答案: is based on a true story Based on a true story
考查固定搭配和非谓语动词。(1)根据汉语提示可知,空处表示“以......为基础”用be based on,为and并列分句的谓语动词,结合语境和下文is判断为一般现在时。(2)根据汉语提示可知,空处表示“以......为基础”,且句中存在be动词is,因此空处使用非谓语动词形式,故省略be用过去分词作伴随状语,且位于句首首字母需大写。故填①is based on a true story;②Based on a true story。
小提示:
语法填空
41、He’s got himself into a dangerous situation ________he is likely to lose control over the plane. (用适当的词填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句。句意:他把自己置于一个危险的境地,他很可能失去对飞机的控制。先行词为situation,从句缺少地点状语,故用where引导。故填where。
42、The village has developed a lot ________ we learned farming two years ago. (用适当的词填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句。句意:这个村庄发展了很多,我们两年前在那里学了农业。先行词为village,在定语从句中作地点状语,故填where。
43、This article may shock some sensitive readers, __________whom I offer my apologies in advance. (用适当的词填空)
答案:to
考查定语从句。句意:这篇文章可能会让一些敏感的读者感到震惊,我提前向他们道歉。分析句子,设空处应该填写介词与whom构成“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。句中whom指代先行词readers,offer sth to sb意为“把……提供给某人”,从句中将to whom提前,故填to。
44、Now we live in a world surrounded by the “can’t do” _________ (attitude). (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:attitudes
考查名词。句意:现在我们生活在一个被“不能做”的态度包围的世界。句中应该使用的是名词作宾语,attitude为名词,意为“态度”,此处用复数意义表示泛指。故填attitudes。
45、A whirlpool is a small area in the sea________ the water is moving quickly around and objects floating near it are pulled into its centre. (用适当的词填空)
答案:where/in which
考查定语从句。句意:漩涡是海洋中的一小块区域,水在这里快速移动,附近漂浮的物体被拉到漩涡中心。_______ the water is moving quickly around是定语从句,修饰a small area。引导词在从句中作地点状语,应该用关系副词where引导该从句,也可以用介词in+which引导定语从句。故填where或in which。
46、Students should involve themselves in community activities ________ they can gain experience for growth. (用单词适当形式填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句。句意:学生应该参与社区活动,在这些活动中,他们可以获取成长的经验。________ they can gain experience for growth.是一个定语从句,修饰先行词community activities,关系词在从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where引导该从句,所以填where。
47、More wind power stations will spring up to meet the demand________ clean energy. (用适当的词填空)
答案:for
考查介词。句意:更多的风力发电站将不断涌现,以满足对清洁能源的需求。短语meet the demand for,意为“满足对……的需求”。根据句意和语境,故填for。
48、If waiting around in line to get in isn’t the way ________ you prefer to spend your time in Paris,consider purchasing a ticket in advance. (用适当的词填空)
答案:that##in which##省略
考查定语从句。句意:如果排队上车不是你喜欢在巴黎度过时间的方式,(你可以)考虑提前买票。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句。修饰先行词the way,先行词在定语从句中作方式状语,所以用that,in which或者省略。故填that/in which/省略。
49、This is a file in ________many natural disasters are recorded. (用适当的词填空)
答案:which
考查定语从句。句意:这是一个记录了许多自然灾害的档案。in ____ many natural disasters are recorded是定语从句,修饰a file。关系词在从句中作介词in的宾语,指物,应该用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
50、Can you cite an example ________this word could be used?(用适当的词填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句。句意:你能举个例子说明这个词的用法吗?分析句子结构和意思可知, this word could be used是定语从句,先行词是example,是抽象地点名词,在从句中做地点状语。故填where。
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