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名词练习
1. There is no ____to the street through that door. A) access B) avenue C) exposure D) edge
(have) access to 1. enter 进入 2. possess 拥有 3.approach 接近
assess 评价 评估，evaluate 评价 评估，estimate 预计（at a rough estimate粗略估计）
asset 资产（fixed asset 固定资产） property 财产
avenue 大路 path 小径 route 路线 shortcut 捷径（cut across 超近道）
edge 边缘 margin 边 毛利，利润 verge 边 （on the verge of ）
exposure 暴露 揭露 be exposed to 暴露在……之下
2. Good students who need money can usually get money for education. There are special sources of money, special education ______ from their governments, other agencies, and organizations.
A) cash B) finances C) funds D) income
Cash现金 finance 财政 金融 financial a.财政的 funds 基金 income 收入 revenue 税收
Salary/wage 薪水 pension 养老金 allowance 津贴 补贴 tuition 学费 fee 费用
Commission 佣金 提成 kickback 回扣 fine 罚款 bonus 奖金 tip 小费 capital 资本 首都
3. Shelly had prepared carefully for her biology examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first _________ . A) intention B) attempt C) purpose D) desire
Intention 目的 意图 （intent to do） attempt 尝试
Purpose 目的 结果 on purpose=deliberately 故意地 destination 目的地 destiny=fate命运
Desire 渴望 希望（ desire to do, desire of doing）；Long for sth 渴望得到
4. The teacher wrote his comments in the ________ of the student’s paper.
A) margin B) bulletin C) edition D) bargain
margin 边 毛利，利润 bulletin 公告 公示 edition 版本 editor 编辑
bargain v.讨价还价 n 物美价廉的商品
5. Because there is great _______ in the quality of diamonds, stones of the same size may not cost the same price.
A) similarity B) agreement C) change D) variation
similarity n 相似 be similar to 和……相似
familiar 熟悉的 be familiar with 对……熟悉
agree with同意某人或某人的意见、想法、分析、解释等
agree to同意或接受某事，尤其指别人提出的某事，有时可能是自己不喜欢的事
agree on主要指双方通过协商而取得一致意见或达成协议
Variation 差异 vary 变化（vary from a to b ）
Variety n 多样性 a variety of=various 多种多样的 各种各样的
6. As a result of their _________the three small independent countries felt less afraid of their powerful neighbor .
A) alliance B) combination C) partnership D) union
Alliance n 联盟 ally v 联盟 combination n 组合 combine v 组合
independent 独立 depend on=-rely on 依靠 依赖
the student union 学生会 labor union 工会 on strike 罢工
7. The basic _______ to a happy family are love, understanding and communication.
A) elements B) sections C) contents D) components
element 元素 section 部分 零件 contents 目录 content 内容
be content with=be satisfied with 对……满意
contest 斗争 比赛 contact with 接触 联系 contract 合同 sign a contract 签合同
components 组成部分 零件 opponent 对手 oppose vt 反对 rival/competitor 对手
adversary/contestant 对手/选手 adverse 不利的 相反的
8. He has been in China for a year, studying the market to find the _______for profitable investment.
A) necessity B) reality C) potential D) increase
necessity n 必要性 reality 真实 in fact=in reality 事实上 realize vt 认识到
potential n 潜力 adj 可能的 潜在的 increase上升 On the increase上升 On the decrease下降
On the rise （按比例）上升 On the decline （按比例）下降
9. The lawyer advised him to drop the ____since he stands little chance to win.
A) event B) accident C) case D) affair
event 事件 eventually 最终的
accident 事故 incident 历史事件accidentally= by chance = come across = run into 偶然的
case 案子 affair 事务 issue 争端 问题 出版
10. Birds do not learn to build their nests but build them by ______.
A) instinct B) passion C) principle D) theory
instinct n 本能 instinctive adj 本能的 instinct behavior 本能行为
passion 激情 passionate 激情的= enthusiastic
principle 原则 主义 principal 重要的 校长 theory 理论 （in theory 理论上 in practice 实践上）
11. The twentieth century has witnessed an enormous worldwide political, economic and cultural____.
A) tradition B) transportation C) transmission D) transformation
tradition 传统 transport 运输 transmit （疾病、信号）传播 transform转变 reform改革
transfer 迁移 转学 transact办理 执行
12. Having been found guilty, the man was given a severe _____by the judge.
A) service B) sentence C) crime D) crisis
Sentence 句子 判决 宣判
Crime 犯罪 criminal 罪犯 guilty 有罪的 illegal 非法的
Sever 分开 分离 several 个别的 单个的 severe 严厉的 困难的 剧痛的
Crisis 危机 （financial crisis 金融危机）
13. When she was criticized, she claimed that it was outside her______of responsibility.
A) field B) limit C) extent D) range
field 领域 region 地区 religion 宗教
limit 限制 be limited to doing 限制在……范围内
extent 程度 to some extent从某种程度上来说 extend 延长
expand 扩张 膨胀 expend 花费 expenditure n 花费 expensive 昂贵的 range 范围
14. Life without _______ which are artificial and false seems free for us.
A) emergencies B) conditions C) conventions D) behavior
emergency 紧急情况 convention 条约 习俗 协议 custom 习俗 customs 海关 customer 顾客
artificial 人造的
15. ______of manpower is the chief cause of the delay at the factory. A) Little B) Short C) Small D) Shortage
Little （否定词不可数） a Little 有一些（肯定词不可数）
Few （否定词可数） a few 有一些（肯定词可数）
Short 短的 be short of = in short supply = shortage 短缺
16. The doctor told Penny that too much ______ to the sun is bad for the skin.
A) exposure B) extension C) exhibition D) expansion
exposure 暴露 extension 延伸 伸展 exhibition 展览 expansion 扩张 膨胀
17. Eight hours’ sleep is the _____that the children should have, otherwise, they will feel ill for being lack of sleep.
A) insufficiency B) minimum C) excess D) maximum
Sufficient 足够的 insufficient 不够的 efficient 高效的 effective 有效的
proficient = skillful = adept 熟练的
minimum 最小 minor 次要的 minority 少数
maximum 最大 major 主要的 majority 多数
excess 超过 过量 （in excess of）excessive 过度的
18. After ninety minutes of play, the result was a _____. A) balance B) draw C) match D) pair
Balance 平衡; draw （比赛的）平局 取款 deposit 存款 定金 押金; match 比赛
19. The tailor was asked to make a small _______ to my trousers because they were too long.
A) revision B) variation C) alteration D) development
revision（文章的）修改 校订 alteration 修改（裤子等） amend 修改（法条）
convert转变（思想） 改变（用途）; mend 改进 改良; variation差异
20. Some people would like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful _____in the market.
A) batteries B) bargains C) baskets D) barrels
battery 电池 barrier 障碍 bargain （v）讨价还价 （n）物美价廉的商品
barrel 桶 basket篮子 basketball 篮球
21. Eye contact is important because wrong contact may create a communication _______.
A) tragedy B) vacuum C) question D) barrier
tragedy 悲剧 tragic 悲剧的 comedy 喜剧 comic 喜剧的
vacuum 真空 空白 空虚 empty 空的 饿的 无意义的 blank 空白的 vacant 空的 空闲的
barrier 障碍 trade barrier 贸易壁垒
22. In order to buy her house she had to obtain a ______ from the bank.
A) exchange B) conditions C) loan D) proportion
exchange 交换 exchange rate 汇率 interest rate 利率 loan 贷款
proportion 比例 a large proportion of = a majority of = most
23. The police set a _____to catch the thieves. A) plan B) device C) trap D) trick
device 装置 设备 set a trap 设下陷阱 trick 把戏 欺诈的 treat or trick
24. I’m thinking of changing my job because there are few ______of promotion in this firm.
A) methods B) prospects C) occasions D) opportunities
methods 方法
prospect 前景 可能性 prospective 未来的 可能的 prosperity 繁荣 prosperous 繁荣的
occasion 场合 on the occasion of = on the point of doing 正当……的时候
seize opportunity 抓住机会 promote 晋升 促进
25. His answer was so confusing that I could hardly make any ______ of it at all.
A) explanation B) meaning C) sense D) interpretation
make sense of = understand 理解 懂得 make no sense = meaningless 无意义
interpret 口译 解释 translate 翻译
26. His colleagues and former students published his essays in _______ of his thirty years’ service with their university.
A) name B) case C) honor D) hope
Name after 以……命名; In honor of 向……表示敬意
In case of = in the event of 万一; In the case of = as to = as for = with regard to = with respect to 关于 至于
In the hope of = in hopes of 希望; colleague 同事
27. It was with great delight that I read in your February _______ the letter to the Editor written by Prof. Johnson.
A) issue B) printing C) fiction D) album
issue 问题 争端 出版
printing 着色 画
fiction 小说
album 相册
late 晚 迟 later 后来 latter 后面的 latest 最新的 lately 最近
the latter 后者 the former 前者
28. He denied that there had been any _______ in the country's internal affairs.
A) interference B) contribution C) document D) revenge
interfere in 干涉 interfere with 妨碍
contribute 贡献 attribute = ascribe把……归因于
distribute 分配 分发 hand down 一代一代传下去 hand in 交上来 hand out 发下去
describe 描述 prescribe 开药方 subscribe +to 订阅 subscriber 用户
29. A ______to this problem is expected to be found before long.
A) result B) response C) settlement D) solution
Before long 不久以后 respond 反应
Long before 很早以前 reaction 反应 settle down 定居下来
Long for sth 渴望 reflect 反映
30. The judge offered the criminal the ________of a fine or six months in prison.
A) variety B) sentence C) direction D) alternative
Variation 差异 vary 变化（vary from a to b ）
Variety n 多样性 a variety of=various 多种多样的 各种各样的
Sentence 惩罚 判刑 句子 direction 方向
alternative 两者选其一
31. Before I awarded the construction job to anyone, I took ______from different companies.
A) offers B) bids C) views D) drafts
award 奖励 reward 报酬 rewarding 值得的
bidding document 标书
tender 投标 = make bid take bid 招标
32. Over the past years, China has made great _____to creating an international environment of peace and stability for its domestic economic and social development. A) contributions B) assignment C) achievements D) exception
assignment 作业 任务 appointment 预约 date 约会
domestic 国内的 家的
achieve， attain，obtain，acquire 获得，取得
33. College teachers sometimes give students advice about choosing a _______.
A) vacation B) profession C) career D) vocation
Vacation = holiday 假期 Vocation = occupation 职业 career 职业（生涯） Occupy 占据
34. The manager lost his _______just be cause his secretary was ten minutes late.
A) mood B) temper C) mind D) passion
mind 思维（总称） idea，opinion （具体的）想法 thought 思想（抽象）thoughtful 深思熟虑的
35. Students or teachers can participate in excursions to lovely beaches around the island at regular____.
A) gaps B) rate C) length D) intervals
gap 距离 generation gap 代沟 length long 长 at rate 以……的速率 width wide 宽
at interval 每隔一段时间 height high 高 depth deep 深
36. Housewives who do not go out to work often feel they are not working to their full __________.
A) capacity B) strength C) privilege D) possibility
ability to do 能力 right 普通权利
capability of doing 能力 power 官权
capacity （容纳）能力 privilege 特权
37. After the explosion, the factory was a _____of total confusion.
A) feature B) landscape C) view D) scene
facial expression 面部表情 landscape 风景
facial feature 面部特征 scene 场景 scenic风景优美的 scenery自然景物
38. New products are sometimes given away in small quantities called ______.
A) illustrations B) tests C) proofs D) samples
illustrate （图例）说明 解释 a good example to illustrate is that= for example
proof = evidence 证据 sample 样品 样本 simple 简单的 天真的 simply 简单地
39. What are the _____________that distinguish the Chinese from the Japanese?
A) marks B) appearance C) characteristics D) differences
Be different from be distinguish from
Distinguish A from B = tell A from B = differ A from B
40. The _______ of this cinema is expected to double in Shanghai this year as a result of a contract signed between the two companies.
A) capacity B) potential C) possession D) impact
Possession (n) possess(v) 拥有
take possession of 占有
in possession of （人）拥有（物）
in the possession of （物）被（人）拥有
impact 冲击 影响
have an impact on sth 对……有影响
have/exert an influence on…… 对……影响
sign a contract 签合同
41. The manager spoke highly of such ________as loyalty, courage and truthfulness shown by his employees.
A) virtues B) features C) properties D) characteristics
Virtue 品德 by virtue of 由于 frugal 节约的
filial 孝顺的 loyalty 忠诚 loyal to industrious 勤劳的 industry 工业
42. A peculiarly pointed chin is his most memorable facial _____. A) mark B) feature C) trace D) expression
trace 痕迹 mark 记号 features 特征 expression表情
memorable 值得纪念的，难忘的 memory 记忆力 remember 记得 members成员
43. I caught a _____of the taxi before it disappeared around the corner of the street.
A) gaze B) glimpse C) peek D) glance
gaze 凝视 注视 glare at = stare at 盯着 peek 偷看 peep 偷窥 glance 一瞥
at a/the glance 乍看来……
at the first sight 第一眼看到
44. The ______of a disease from one person to another is possible only when it is a communicable disease.
A) transmission B) sending C) passing D) delivery
transmission 传播（疾病） send （别人）送 take（自己）送 delivery 投递
bring 带来（brought） fetch 去拿来 passing 通过 考试及格
45. Jogging is generally agreed to be the best of exercise for the ______of heart and lung fitness.
A) continuation B) staying C) maintenance D) remaining
continual，continually 持续的（中间可以间断）= successive，successively
continuous，continuously 持续的（中间不可以间断）= unceasing，unceasingly
46. The engine has more than 300_______, made of a number of different materials.
A) institutions B) ingredients C) opponents D) components
Institution 机构 ingredient 配料 成分 components 组成部分 compose组成 opponent 对手
47. In summer, many North Americans go to Europe by boat because they expect to have a delightful _________.
A) voyage B) excursion C) journey D) expedition
voyage 水上旅行 excursion短途旅行 flight 空中旅行
journey 旅行（总称） expedition考察
48. In_____, I agree with you proposal, but I’m not sure whether it will actually work.
A) theory B)fact C)effect D)reason
In theory 理论上 in practice 实践上In fact 事实上
49. This is a matter of ____; it must be done immediately. A) phenomenon B) necessity C) dilemma D) prominence
phenomenon 现象 necessity 必要性 dilemma进退两难的窘境
prominence著名重要 prominent杰出的 = outstanding
50. The doctor enjoyed both his work and his life. He had never felt any ________ between these two things.
A) conflict B) confirm C) conform D) confine
conflict冲突 矛盾 confront面对 面临
confirm 确认 证实 confine 限制
conform to 遵循 convert vt.转变（思想、信
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