形容词和副词的比较级和最高级以及练习题.doc

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
重点: 1、了解形容词、副词比较级以及最高级的构成规则；
2、了解形容词、副词比较等级的用法。6
精讲部分
一. 形容词和副词在使用时都有三个级别：原级、比较级、最高级。
例：(small smaller smallest) (tall taller tallest) (hard harder hardest)
比较级和最高级的构成有规则和不规则的变化两种

1．规则变化
单音节词和少数双音节词，在词尾加-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。
多音节词，原级前加more，most构成比较级和最高级

构成法
原级
比较级
最高级
单音节词

一般单音节词尾加-er，-es
tall
great
strong
taller
greater
stronger
tallest
greatest
strongest
以不发音的e结尾的单音词，只加-r，-st
nice
large
late
nicer
larger
later
nicest
largest
latest
以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音词，双写结尾的辅音字母再加-er，-est
big
hot
fat
bigger
hotter
fatter
biggest
hottest
fattest
双音节词

以辅音字母+ y结尾的双音节词，改y为i再加-er，-est
easy
busy
early
easier
busier
earlier
easiest
busiest
earliest
多音节词、以ly结尾的副词、ed\ing形容词

在原级前面加more, most来构成比较级和最高级
important
beautiful
Happily
excited
more important
more beautiful
more happily
More excited
most important
most beautiful
most happily
most excited

2. 不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
good
well
better
best
bad
ill
worse
worst
Old
older
oldest
much, many
more
most
Little
less
least
Far
farther / further
farthest / furthest

二. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法
1．as + 原级 + as 表示“与 …… 一样”
The painting is as beautiful as that one．这幅画和那幅画一样漂亮。(形容词)
He sings as well as his teacher. 他唱得和他的老师一样好。（副词）

注意：在否定句中可用 not as(so) + 原级 + as 与……不一样，不及……
例： It is not as (so) cold in Shanghai as in Beijing in winter．
冬天上海的天气没北京的天气冷。(形容词)
The girl doesn’t run as quickly as the boy. ；女孩跑得不如男孩快。（副词）
2．比较级 + than 表示 “ … 比 … 更 …”
This hotel is cheaper than that one across the street．这家宾馆比街对面那家更便宜。(形容词)
It is quicker to take a underground than to take a bus．坐地铁比坐公交车快。
Mary writes more carefully than Tom. Mary 写得比Tom 更认真。（副词）
3．比较级 + 比较级 表示：”越来越…”
It is getting colder and colder these days．这些天天气越来越冷。(形容词)
The bus is more and more crowded．公交车上越来越挤。(形容词)
The people are living more and more happily人们生活得越来越幸福（副词）
4. The +比较级, the +比较级 表示“越---，越---。”
The more, the better.
5．the + 最高级 + 比较范围 表示 “(三者或三者以上) 最……”
Of all the four brothers he is the cleverest．在四个兄弟中，他是最聪明的。
He is the best in maths of them all．在他们所有人中他数学最好
He jumps the highest in his class. 他在班中跳得最高。
注意：
1. “as + 原级 + as (not as(so) + 原级 + as)” 和“比较级 + than” 用于两者之间的比较，
2. 最高级用于三者以上之间的比较
3. 形容词最高级必须加定冠词the, 但副词最高级可以加也可以不加定冠词the
例如： The Changjiang River is the longest river in China. (形容词)
She dances (the) most beautifully in her class. （副词）
4. much + 比较级 表示“… 得多”
例如： much bigger, much longer.
much more difficult, much more interesting

Exercise (比较级和副词)
一. A. 写出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级
1. near ____________ ____________ high___________ ___________
2. warm ___________ ____________ clever__________ ___________
3. white ___________ ____________ blue __________ __________
4. nice ____________ ____________ gentle___________ ___________
5. safe ____________ _____________ wide____________ ___________
6. close ___________ _____________ long____________ ___________
7. heavy __________ _____________ sunny___________ ____________
8. early ___________ ______________ dry ____________ ___________
9. busy ___________ _____________ happy ___________ ___________
10. easy ___________ _____________ angry ___________ ____________
11. windy _________ ______________ little __________ ____________
12. thin ___________ ______________ ` fat ______________ ___________
13. hot ___________ _______________ big ______________ ___________
14. wet ___________ ______________ ` good____________ ___________
15. bad ___________ ______________ well __________ _____________
16. badly _________ ______________ many____________ ___________
17. much _________ ______________ far ______________ ___________
18. important ___________________ _______________________
19. dangerous ___________________ _______________________
20 beautiful ____________________ _______________________
21. difficult _____________________ _______________________
22. brightly _____________________ _______________________
23. strongly _____________________ _______________________
24. expensive ___________________ ________________________
25. quietly _____________________ ________________________
26. outgoing_____________________ ________________________
27. creative_____________________ ________________________
28. hard-working_____________________ ________________________
B. 写出下列形容词的副词形式
1. bad ___________ nice ___________ beautiful___________
2. clever _________ easy ___________ busy _______________
3. heavy _________ angry __________ happy ______________
4. gentle _________ wide ___________ safe ________________
5. close __________ late ____________ early________________
6. deep ___________ high ___________ near ________________
7. fast ___________ good ___________

二、用括号内词语的正确形式填空
1、 The flowers are very _____________________. (beautiful)
2、The girls are sitting there __________________ .(quiet)
3、They’re talking very _________________ . (loud)
4、We can get there _________________ . (easy)
5、They’re getting ready for the sports meeting ____________ . (busy)
6、They’re living a _________________ life. (happy)
7、The wind is blowing __________________ . (strong)
8、He plays the piano ______________ .(bad)
9、The river runs _________________ down the hill. (gentle)
10、The sun is shining _______________ . (bright)
11、The man is riding his horse along the road ______________ . (slow)
12、The girl sings ____________________________ than the boy. (beautiful)
13、Jack plays football _________________ than Dick. (bad)
14、He is speaking __________________ . (angry)
15、The children are running _______________ along the road. (happy)
16、She runs __________________ of all. (fast)
17、The sun is shining __________this afternoon than this morning. (bright)
18、Jim works ___________________ than Tom. (hard)
19、He walks ___________________ of the three. (far)
20、Little Tom is sitting there ___________________ of all. (quiet)

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级练习答案
Exercise (比较级和副词)
一. A. 写出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级
1. nearer nearest higher highest
2. warmer warmest cleverer cleverest
3. whiter whitest bluer bluest
4. nicer nicest gentler gentlest
5. safer safest wider widest
6. closer closest longer longest
7. heavier heaviest sunnier sunniest
8. earlier earliest drier driest
9. busier busiest happier happiest
10. easier easiest angrier angriest
11. windier windiest less least
12. thinner thinnest fatter fattest
13. hotter hottest bigger biggest
14. wetter wettest better best
15. worse worst better best
16. worse worst more most
17. more most farther farthest
18. more important most important 19. more dangerous most dangerous
20. more beautiful most beautiful 21. more difficult most difficult
22. more brightly most brightly 23. more strongly most strongly
24. more expensive most expensive 25. more quietly most quietly
二、用括号内词语的正确形式填空
1. beautiful 2. quietly 3. loudly 4. easily 5. busily
6. happy 7. strongly 8. badly 9. gently 10. brightly
11.slowly 12. more beautiful 13.worse 14. angrily 15. happily
16. fastest 17. more brightly 18. harder 19. farthest 20. most quietly

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