小学名词变复数及不可数名词讲解及习题.doc

名词讲解
一． 可数名词与不可数名词
1.名词变复数构成规则
A、一般情况下，在单数名词的后面加-s。如：desk—desks,map—maps,pencil—pencils等。读音规则：轻轻浊浊，元后浊。

B、以s、x、sh、ch结尾的单数名词变复数，在词尾加-es。如：bus-buses,box-boxes, peach-peaches等。但stomach-stomachs(胃)例外。es/ɪz/

C、以f或fe结尾的单数名词变复数，将f或fe改成v，然后再加-es。如：leaf-leaves.wolf-wolves,shelf-shelves等但roof-roofs(屋顶)。

D、以辅音字母加y结尾的单数名词变复数，将y改成i后再加-es。如：city-cities,baby-babies, story-storie。但是Germany-Germanys等专有名词直接加-s。
以元音字母加y直接加s.如：toys, boys.

E、以o结尾，表示有生命的事物的单数名词变复数加-es；表示没有生命的事物的单数名词变复数加-s。如：tomato-tomatoes,potato-patatoes,hero-heroes。（有生命的），但有些例外。如：radio-radios,photo-photos,zoo-zoos。（无生命的）

2.不规则变化
man-men,woman-women,Englishman-Englishmen,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,child-children,mouse-mice（老鼠）,goose-geese（鹅）等

3.单复数形式相同的名词
sheep（绵羊）,deer（鹿）.以及以-ese或-ss结尾的表示“某国人“的名字，单复数相同，如：Chinese，Japanese，但American-Americans，Australia-Australias(澳大利亚人)不同，直接加-s。

4.只有复数形式的名词
trousers（裤子），glasses，clothes，people，chopsticks（筷子）。

5.常见的不可数名词
air,beef,pork,bread,fish,food,hair,ice,milk,money,news,tea,paper,time,water等

口诀：
规则变化
1.名词单数变复数，直接加 -s 占多数；
2.s, x, z, ch, sh 来结尾，直接加上 -es；
3.词尾是 f 或 fe，加 -s 之前先变 ve；
4.辅音 + y 在词尾，把 y 变 i 再加 -es；
元音+y在词尾, 只加s就足够
5.词尾字母若是 o，常用三个已足够，
要加 -es 请记好，hero, tomato, potato。
其余o结尾的词加s, photo-photos; piano-pianos

不规则变化
男人女人 a 变 e，鹅足牙 oo 变 ee；
man-men; woman-women; goose-geese; foot-feet; tooth-teeth
老鼠虱子也好记，ous 变 ic；
mouse-mice; louse-lice
孩子加上 ren，鱼鹿绵羊不用变
child-children; fish; deer; sheep
this---these(这些)    
that --   those(那些)

名词变复数练习题

一．写出下列名词的复数形式
1、orange          2、class           3、text           
4、monkey          5、piano           6、child           7、shelf           8、bed             9、country         
10、family         11、toy            12、foot           
13、Japanese       14、radio          15、photo          
16、army           17、tomato         18、fox            
19、woman          20、knife          22、sheep         
二．选择填空
   1、There         on the wall .They are very beautiful.
A. are photoes      B. are photos
C. is a photo        D. is photos
   2.  This kind of car       made in  Shanghai.
     A.  is   B .are   C .were  D .has
   3.  There are four       and two           in the group.
     A. Japanese, Germen    B Japaneses, Germen
     C. Japanese,German    C.Japanese, Germans
   4. That’s          art  book.
     A. an   B. a   C. the  D are
   5. There       some       in the river.
     A. is ,fish   B. are, fishs 
     C. is, fishs  D. are ,fish
   6. There     two     in  the box.
     A. is watch  B. are watches
     C. are watch D. is watches
   7. We should clean       twice a day.
    A .our tooth  B. our tooths
    C.teeth D.our teeth
   8.The _____ meeting room is near the reading room.
    A.teacher   B.teacher’s   C.teachers’  D.teachers
   9. In Britain _____ are all painted red.
     A.letter boxes  B.letters boxes 
    C.letter box  D.letters box
10. They come from different ______
A. country B. countries C. a country D. countrys
11. How many ______ do you see in the picture?
A. tomatos B. tomatoes C. tomato D. the tomato
12. They are______.
A . woman teachers B. women teachers
C. women teacher D. woman teacher
13.There are some ______ in these _______.
A.knifes…pencil-boxes B.knives…pencils-box
C.knives…pencil-box D.knives…pencils-boxes
14. I wonder why ______ are interested in action films(武打片).
A. the people B. people C. peoples D. the peoples
15. There is no ______ in the plate.
A. apples B. oranges C. rice D. eggs
16. I want three          white paper.
     A、pieces                B、piece of                 C、pieces of
  17、Do you want to drink much          ?
     A、a milk                B、milk                    C、milks
  18、This is          room. It’s very big.
     A、Lily and Lucy’s        B、Lily’s and Lucy’s          C、Lily’s and Lucy
  19、We visited          house yesterday.
     A、Tom                 B、Toms                    C、Tom’s
  20、Do you want some          for supper?
     A、a potato              B、potatoes                  C、potatos
  21、In autumn，you can see a lot of          on the ground.
     A、leaf                  B、leafs                    C、leaves
  22、My sister has two          . One is old，the other is new.
     A、a watch               B、watchs                  C、watches
  23、Best wishes to you for            Day!
     A、Teacher’s             B、Teachers’                C、Teacher
  24、Many children like to go to the           Palace on Sunday.
     A、Children              B、Children’s               C、Childrens’
.三.填入所给名词的正确形式
1. I have two_____ (knife)
2. There are many _____ here. (box)
3. There are many _____ on the road. (bus)
4. A few _____ are drawing on the wall. (boy)
5. The _____ are playing football now. (child)
6. I can see a __________ standing near the door. (policeman)
7. Do you want some ________ for dinner? (potato)
8. In autumn, you can see a lot of _______ on the ground.(leaf)
9. He has two _______.One is blue , the other is yellow.( box)
10. Two ________ live in this building .( family )
四．将以下单复数句进行转换
1 This is a knife. ______________________________________
2 That is a tomato. ______________________________________
3 That child is very good._____________________________________
4 These are mice. ______________________________________
5 Those are children. ______________________________________