1、1 (每日一练每日一练)人教版人教版 20222022 年高中英语虚拟语气常考点年高中英语虚拟语气常考点 单选题 1、Most people advise that students heavy burden(负担)_.AreduceBbe reducedCto be reducedDreduced 答案:B 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:大多数人建议减轻学生沉重的负担。此处 reduce 与 burden 构成被动关系,且 advise 表示建议,所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气,其虚拟语气的结构为:(should)+原形动词,should 可省略。故选 B。2、It is high time th
2、at we a meeting to discuss this problem.AholdBheld Chave heldDhad held 答案:B 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:是我们开会讨论这个问题的时候了。It is high time 后面跟一般过去时或者 should do,故选 B。3、-Do you feel like _ out?-No.Id rather we _ the metro train.Ato drive;takeBto drive;tookCdriving;takeDdriving;took 答案:D 2 解析:考查短语和虚拟语气。句意:你想开车出去吗?没有。我宁愿
3、我们坐地铁。feel like doing sth.想要做某事。would rather 后的从句用虚拟语气,与现在事实相反,用一般过去时。故选 D。4、We would have called a taxi yesterday if Jim _ us a lift.Adidnt giveBwouldnt giveChasnt givenDhadnt given 答案:D 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:如果昨天 Jim 不让我们搭车的话,我们就叫出租车了。主句中的谓语“would have called a taxi”表示本句所表达的内容与过去事实相反,从句中应该用过去完成时。故选 D。小提示:i
4、f 引导的虚拟语气 一、与现在事实相反 若与现在事实相反,虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去式(be 通常用 were),主句谓语用“should(would,could,might)+动词原形”。如:If you took a taxi,youd get there quicker.如果你坐出租车去,你可以快一点到那里。(但你不坐)If I knew her number I could ring her up.要是我知道她的电话号码,我就可以给她打电话了。(可惜我不知道)二、与过去事实相反 若与过去事实相反,虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词),主句谓语用“should(w
5、ould,could,might)+have+过去分词”。如:If Id left sooner,Id have been on time.要是我早点动身,我就准时到了。(但我动身太迟了)If we had found him earlier we could have saved his life.要是我们当时早点找到他的话,我们就可以救活他。(可惜我们找到他太晚了)3 三、与将来事实相反 若与将来事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be 通常用 were),主句谓语用“should(would,could,might)+动词原形”。如:If he went,would you go too?
6、如果他去,你也去吗?(大概他不会去)If I asked him,Im sure hed help us.如果我向他提出要求,肯定他会帮助我们。(不过我不打算这样做)注意与说明:对于与将来事实相反的情形,请注意以下几点:一是这里说的与将来事实相反,实为对将来情况的推测;二是此用法中的条件从句谓语除用过去式外,有时也用“should+动词原形”(表示可能性极小,常译为“万一”)或“were to+动词原形”(表示与将来事实相反的假设)。5、-John went to the hospital alone.-If he_ me about it,I would have gone with him
7、.Ashould tellBtellsCtoldDhad told 答案:D 解析:考查时态。句意:约翰自己去医院了,如果他告诉我,我也会陪他去。根据语境可知,这里是过去事实相反的虚拟语气,从句用 had+v-ed,主句用 would+have+v-ed。所以选 D。6、Now the flowers look healthy again.I figure that they would have died if I them two days ago.Adont waterBdidnt water Chadnt wateredDhavent watered 答案:C 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意
8、:这些花儿现在又活过来了。我认为如果两天前没有浇水的话,他们都已经枯死了。分析4 语境可知,本句是对于过去的虚拟,假如两天前没有浇水(实际浇水了的),从句使用过去完成时,主句用would/should/could/might+现在完成时,故选 C。小提示:虚拟语气。虚拟语是一种表示假设状态的句型,是一种特殊的动词形式;表示所说的话不是一个事实,而只是说话者的一种假设,或不大可能实现的空想。根据虚拟语气的特点我将其分成了四大块,请往下看。虚拟语气用在条件状语从句中,根据时态的不同,主从句的谓语动词可分为以下 3 种情况 1).与现在事实相反的虚拟语气过去时,例:If he studied har
9、der,he might pass the exam(如果他努力学习,他可能通过考试了)使用要点:不论主语为第几人称,if 从句中的 be 动词均用 were;主句中的助动词一定为过去时,且后面接动词原形,例1:If I were you,I would beat him.例 2:If he were here,I would beat him.2).与过去事实相反的虚拟语气过去完成时,使用此句型时从句中会出现 had had 的情况,同学们要注意区分had 与 had had 区别,例 1:If he had money,he would buy a car.(如果他有钱,他会买辆车)此句中
10、 had 为一般过去时动词,翻译为“有”例 2:If he had had money,he would have bought a car(如果他那时有钱,他就会买辆车)此句中第一个 had 为过去完成时助动词,第二个 had 为 have(有)的过去分词。3).与将来事实相反的虚拟语气主句用过去时,例:If it should rain,the game would be put off.(如果下雨,比赛会推迟)5 使用要点:if 从句一定要加助动词 should,ifshould 翻译为“万一”;7、Its really a pity that you didnt go to see F
11、rozen II last night.I _,but I had to prepare for the coming exam.Awould like toBought toCwould haveDmay have 答案:C 解析:考查虚拟语气和省略。句意:真遗憾你昨晚没去看冰雪奇缘 2。我本来可以去的,但是我不得不为即将到来的考试做准备。A.would like to 想要,愿意;B.ought to 应该;C.would have 本来可以;D.may have可能。根据下文“我不得不为即将到来的考试做准备”可知,我没有去看,空格处是省略句式,表示“(如果可以)我本来可以去”,与过去事实
12、相反,谓语动词用 would have gone.,承前省略 gone.,故选 C。8、Emphasis is laid on the necessity that all the goals to be attained _ into account before starting a new project.Abe takenBshould takeCwould be takenDmust be taken 答案:A 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:我们强调这样做的必要性,即在一项新计划启动之前要考虑到它要达成的所有目标。本题中 that 后的从句为 necessity“必要”的同位语从句,谓语
13、需要用(should)动词原形,should 可以被省略的虚拟语气,句中“目标”和“考虑”是被动关系,故选 A。9、My mom suggests that we eat out for a change this weekend.AshouldBmight CcouldDwould 答案:A 解析:6 考查虚拟语气。句意:我妈妈建议我们这周末出去吃饭换换口味。suggest 作“建议”时,后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气(should)+动词原形,故选 A。10、Without your timely help during the accident,I _ to the interview.Amustnt have made itBcant make it Ccouldnt have made itDshouldnt make it 答案:C 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:在意外事故中没有你及时的帮助,我不可能及时赶上面试。根据句中的“Without your timely help”考虑句子是一个含蓄的虚拟条件句,主句需要使用虚拟语气,结合句意判断是对过去情况的虚拟,需要使用 would/could/should/might+have done 的形式。故选 C。