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《新起点英语》（五年下册）语言知识梳理
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Unit 9语言知识:
1、同音词: our-----hour
2、名词复数: dish----dishes kind----kinds thing----things carrot----carrots answer---answers
country----countries activity----activities
3、动词单三: go---goes do----does
4、动词现在分词:
skate----skating kick----kicking rain----raining play---playing
run----running shop----shopping swim----swimming
5、比较级、最高级 many/much----more fast----faster
win（v.）赢---winner(n.)冠军
1. on the weekend 在周末
2. play sports 做运动
3. go shopping 去购物
4. go for a picnic 去野餐
5. play in the school band参加校乐队
6. play the flute 吹笛子
7. do the dishes 洗碗
8. make a model plane 制作航模
9. learn to act 举办表演
10. kick a shuttlecock 踢毽子
11. go to the drama club 参加戏剧社
12. go roller-skating 去滚轴溜冰
13. play badminton 打羽毛球
14. after school 放学后
15. how often 多久一次
16. go to the gym 去体育馆
17. once a week 一周一次
18. students’ usual activities 学生们 的日常活动
19. have a piano lesson 上钢琴课
21. in a special school 在一所专业学校
22. around the world 世界各地
23. kinds of music 许多种音乐
24. of course 当然
25. take PE. 上体育课
26. after school activity 课外活动
27. wake up 醒来
28. on Saturday（s） 在周六
29. at noon 在中午
30. go to the movies 去看电影
31. go outside 到外面去
32. walk the dog 遛狗
33. talk on the phone 通过电话交流、谈话
34. at this time 在这个时候
35. look for sb. / sth. (n/pron 宾格) 寻找……（强调找的过程）
find 找到……（强调找的结果）
36. look at sb. / sth. (n/pron 宾格) 看……
37. look after sb. / sth. (n/pron 宾格) 照顾/照看某人；看管某物
38.look out of…. 向……外面看
39. forget to do sth. 忘记做某事（未做的事）
40. wait for + sb. / sth(n/pron 宾格) 等某人/某事
41. wait and wait 等了又等
Go ahead. 去做……吧可以……(表示许可对方做某事,根据语境翻译)
May I draw a picture here？ Go ahead.(去画吧。)
Can I watch TV now？ Sure, go ahead.(当然可以，去看吧。)
句型:
What do you do after school？
I often do sth....
How often do you go there？
I do sth once/twice a....
How often does she/he…？
She / He does sth....
语法
1、对含有频率词提问用“how often...？”
e.g. I go shopping four times a week？ （就划线部分提问）
How often do you go shopping？
2、乐器前有“the ” ,球类前没有“the ”
e.g. play the piano play soccer
3、动词现在分词的构成
①一般情况下在动词末尾直接加“ing”
finish---finishing go----going
②动词以不发音“e”结尾，去“e”加 “ing”
live----living come----coming
③在重读闭音节中，以辅音字母结尾，辅音字母前是一个元音字母，双写辅音字母，再加“ing”
cut----cutting swim----swimming
Unit 10语言知识:
1、set the table 摆放餐具
2、clean the living room 打扫客厅
3、take out the garbage 倒垃圾
4、sweep the floor 扫地
5、make the bed 铺床
6、clear the table 收拾桌子
7、have to 不得不
8、a lot of+ c(pl)/u 许多
eg: a lot of books 许多书 a lot of water 许多水
9、do chores 做家务
10、look after sb./sth.(宾格) 照看，照顾, 看管
eg: look after my sister
look after the dog look after her
11. finish the art project 完成手工制作
12、practice the piano练习弹钢琴
13、study for a test 复习准备考试
14、the day after tomorrow 后天
15、go ahead 去做……吧！可以……！
16、what about+sb./sth./doing sth. ……怎么样？
how about+sb./sth./doing sth. ……怎么样？
eg: What about you?
What about this cap?
What about watching TV?
17、go swimming 游泳
18、watch TV 看电视
21、go home 回家
23、thank you for 为……而感谢
24、go shopping 购物
25、go to the library 去图书馆
26、listen the music 听音乐
27、go to the park 去公园
28、It’s time to do sth. 是该做某事的时间了。
It’s time for sth. 到……的时间了。
29、next time下次
30、play football 踢足球
交际用语：
1. go ahead. 去做……吧，可以……
(表示许可，允许对方做某事。根据语境翻译)
eg: May I draw a picture here? Go ahead.(去画吧)
Can I watch TV now? Sure, go ahead. （当然可以，去看吧）
2. Can I go to the movies?
Sure, you can. But first you have to finish your project.
Sorry, you can’t. You have to practice the violin.
句型一：谈论某人必须（不得不）做某事
肯定句：主语+ have/ has to do sth.
Eg. I have to do sth.
否定句: 主语+ don’t have to do sth.
Eg. 1. I don’t have to clean the room.
2. My mother doesn’t have to go shopping.
一般疑问句与答语：Do / Does +主语+have to do sth?
Yes, +主语do/does. No, +主语+don’t./ doesn’t.
Eg. 1. Do you have to do your homework?
Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
2. Does Tom have to do chores every day?
Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词 + do / does +主语+ have to do sth?
Eg. 1. What chores do you have to do?
2. What do you have to do in your spare time?
句型二：be going to +动词原形（将来时）
eg:肯定句：It is going to be sunny tomorrow.
否定句：It isn’t going to be sunny tomorrow.
一般疑问句与答语：Is it going to be sunny tomorrow?
Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t
特殊疑问句：What’s the weather going to be like tomorrow?
= How is the weather going to be tomorrow?
测试题：It is going to be sunny tomorrow. （写出同义句）
—It will be sunny tomorrow.
语法：
1、 在具体某一天的前面用on
eg: on Monday 在星期一
2、 单词以元音开头时，前面冠词用an
eg: an e-mail 一封电子邮件 an ear 一只耳朵
an eye 一只眼睛 an elephant 一头大象
an office 一间办公室 an hour 一小时
Unit 11语言知识：
1. get plenty of sleep保持充足睡眠
2. wash your hands before eating 吃饭前洗手
3. drink milk every day 每天喝牛奶
4. clean the desk 擦桌子
5. leave garbage everywhere 到处扔垃圾
6. drink too much pop 喝太多汽水
7. stay up late 熬夜
8. eat too much chocolate 吃太多巧克力
9. eat too much meat 吃太多肉
10. role play 角色表演
11. keep fit 保持健康
13. tell sb (n/pron宾格)something about doing sth 告诉谋人关于做某事的事
14. too many + C (pl.)
15. eat too many hamburgers 吃太多汉堡包
16. too much +U
too much milk 太多的牛奶
17. have a headache 头痛
18. have a running nose 流鼻涕
19. have a cold 患了感冒
20. have a stomachache 胃疼
21. have a toothache 牙痛
22. go to bed上床睡觉
23. go to see a doctor看医生
24. wear a sweater穿着毛衣
25.drink more water/milk喝更多水/牛奶
26. brush your teeth（pl）刷牙
27. take some medicine U吃药
28. right after刚……就……
29. feel tired感觉累
30. feel sleepy感觉困
31. get good marks得好的分数
32. be good at + sth. (n/pron宾格)/ doing sth.擅长某事/做某事
33. have a problem有个问题
34. have advice for sb. (n/pron宾格)有些建议給某人
35. do morning exercises做早操
36. try these things试着做这些事
37. feel better感觉好
38. look like看起来像
39. want to be 想成为
40. healthy habits健康习惯
41. school rules 学校规章
42. home chores 家务
43. wonderful food 很棒的食物
44. need to do 需要做
45. kinds of food许多种食物
46. the bottom of the pyramid金字塔底部
47. the top of the pyramid 金字塔顶部
48. a little+ U 少许、一点……（强调少而有）
a little sugar/ fat 一点盐/脂肪
49. junk food 垃圾食品
50. be bad for…(n/pron宾格) 对……有害
be bad for health对健康有害
51. plenty of+。U / C（pl）大量的……许多的……
plenty of fruit and vegetables许多的水果和蔬菜
52. walk by the sea 在海边散步
53 wish(es) for…希望……
54. come out 出来
55. a big dinner 大餐
56. good health 好的健康状况
57. good habits 好的习惯
58. bad habits 坏的习惯
59. keep clean 保持干净
60. before doing sth. 在做某事之前before eating 吃饭前
61. a grade-five student 一名五年级的学生
62.talk about sb./sth/doing sth. (n/pron宾格) 谈论某人/某事/做某事
63. agree with sb. (n/pron宾格) 同意某人的意见
交际用语：
1. What’s wrong? 你怎么了
2. I have a cold/ headache/ toothache/ stomachache 我感冒/头痛/牙痛/胃痛。
3. They tell us something about keeping fit. 他们告诉我们一些关于保持健康的事。
4. What should I do? 我应该做什么?
5. I’m the shortest and thinnest boy in my class. 在我们班,我是最矮的最瘦的。
6. I really want to be tall and strong. 我真的很想又高又强壮。
7. They’re bad for our health. 他们对我们的健康有害。
8. I have some advice for you. 我有一些建议给你。
9. I don’t get good marks. 我没有得好的分数。
10. You’ll soon feel better. 你不久将会感觉很好。
11. Do you wash your hands before eating? 在饭前你洗手了吗？
12. Now I see. 我知道了。
13. Let’s talk about good habits and bad habits.
让我们谈论好的习惯和坏的习惯。
14. I agree with you. 我同意你的意见。
五. 句型：
（一）含情态动词should的句型
肯定句：主（sb）+ should + do sth.
e.g. I should drink milk every day. We should eat some fruit.
否定句：主（sb）+ shouldn’t + do sth.
e.g. You shouldn’t play too much on the computer.
He shouldn’t leave garbage everywhere.
一般疑问句：Should+ 主 + do sth.？
e.g. Should I watch TV？Yes, you should.
Should she eat junk food？No, she shouldn’t.
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+主（sb）+ should+ do sth.
e.g. What should I do?
特殊情况：
主（sb）+ should be+ adj…
e.g. I should be young and strong.
主（sb）+ shouldn’t be+ adj…
e.g. He shouldn’t be talkative.
测试题型举例：根据要求完成各题
1. I always feel tired. What should I do? ( 用exercise回答)
every day.
2. You should get plenty of sleep. (改为否定句)
You
3. I have a running nose. (对画线部分提问)
with you?
4. Lucy should drink more water. (改为否定句)
5. I should eat some candy? (变为一般疑问句)
（二）主语+ wish for sth.
Eg. I wish for good marks.
五. 语法小结：
（一）关于should
1、用should提建议通常含有命令、批评、责备等语气,多用于熟人或朋友之间。2、第一人称疑问句中,用于征求对方意见。
例如:Should I help you wash clothes? 要我帮你洗衣服?
Should I go there by bus? 我是否应当坐公共汽车去那里?
3、使用should的几点注意：
1）should+动词原形。
2）should 的否定直接在后面加not, 疑问句直接把should提前。
3）没有第三人称和数的变化。
（二）拓展： a little 与little 辨析
1．little ① adj 小的 little + C
eg. There is a little girl under the tree.
The little birds are beautiful.
② adj 少的, 少许.一点（强调“有而少”表示否定含义）little + U
There is little water in the cup. 茶杯里几乎没有水了。
2. a little少许.一点（强调“少而有”表示肯定含义） little + U
There is a little water in the cup. 茶杯里还有点水。
Unit 12语言知识:
短语：
1、at least 至少
3、take a shower 洗澡
4、brush your teeth 刷牙
5、comb your hair 梳头
6、wash your hands 洗手
7、care for 关心
8、see the doctor 看医生
9、stay up late 熬夜
11、on the way to… 在去……的路上
12、feed fish 喂鱼
14、look after the dog 照顾狗
18、have a picnic 野餐
19、go shopping 购物
22、go to concerts 去音乐会
表示频率的词或短语：
never、often、sometimes、once a week、 three times a week、
every day
三、交际用语
1、What’s wrong?
2、What is the matter with you?
3、I have a cold.
4、You will enjoy your life.
5、To be healthy.
6、What time is it?
7、What is the time?
8、I have an idea!
四、句型：
句型一：描述某人必须（不得不）做某事
肯定句: 主语 + have/has to do sth.
I have to go home now.
He has to do his homework.
否定句: 主语 + doesn’t have to do sth.
I don’t have to go home now.
He doesn’t have to do his homework.
一般疑问句: Do you have to go home? Yes, I do. No, I don’t.
Does he have to do his homework?
Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t.
特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词 + do/does + 主语 + have to do sth?
What do you have to do?
What does he have to do?
Unit 13 语言知识:
单词的过去式
do-did go-went visit-visited watch-watched play-played clean-cleaned stay-stayed row-rowed climb-climbed sing-sang dance-danced eat-ate study-studied is(am)-was are-were
三、短语
1. last weekend 上周末
2. do homework 做作业
3. go to a dancing lesson去上舞蹈课
4. go to the park 去公园
5. visit grandparents 拜访祖父母
6. watch TV 看电视
7. play the piano 弹钢琴
8. clean the living room 打扫客厅
9. stay at home 呆在家
10. play ping-pong 打乒乓球
11. go to the club 去俱乐部
12. go to the math club 去数学俱乐部
13. clean the room 打扫房间
14. row the boat 划船
15. climb a hill 爬山
16. eat the cake 吃蛋糕
17. all day 整天，全天
18. study English 学习英语
19. go to a birthday party 去生日聚会
20. play computer games玩电脑游戏
21. visit friends 拜访朋友
in the moring 在早上
22. in the afternoon 在下午
23. in the evening 在晚上
24. make a birthday cake 制作一个生日蛋糕
25. go to the zoo 去动物园
26. see the animal show 看动物表演
27. do some chores 做一些家务
28. an exciting weekend 一个令人兴奋的周末
29. hockey team 曲棍球队
30. by bus 乘公共汽车
31. stay in a big hotel呆在一家大旅馆
32. get up 起床
33. eat breakfast 吃早餐
34. play games 做游戏
35. the gold medal game 金牌比赛
36. back home 回家
37. wash the face 洗脸
38. kiss mom/dad 吻妈妈/爸爸
39. in front of 在……前面
40. get angry 变生气
41. feed the animal 喂动物
42. have a good time=have a great time=have fun 玩的高兴
43. watch a football match 观看足球比赛
44. the Science Museum 科学博物馆
45. wash colthes 洗衣服
46. go shopping 去购物
47. practice the piano 练习钢琴
48. play sports=do sports 做运动
(一)句型：过去时的句子结构
（一） 句子中有be动词
a.肯定句：主语+was / were+其他。
Eg: I was a teacher before.
b.否定句：主语+ wasn’t / weren’t +not+其他。
Eg: I wasn’t a teacher before.
c.一般疑问句：Was / Were +主语+其他？
肯定回答：Yes,主语+ was / were.
否定回答：No,主语+ wasn’t / weren’t.
Eg: Were you a teacher before?
Yes, I was. No, I wasn’t.
(二) 句子中有实义动词
a.肯定句：主语 + 动词的过去式 + 其他。
Eg：I went to the park yesterday.
b.否定句：主语+ didn’t + 动词原形+其他。
Eg: I didn’t go to the park yesterday.
c.一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他?
肯定回答: Yes, 主语 + did.
否定回答：No, 主语 + didn’t.
Eg: Did you go to the park yesterday?
Yes, I did. No, I didn’t.
Unit 14 语言知识:
单词：动词不规则的过去式
see-----saw feel------felt eat------ate swim------swam
lose-----lost sleep------slept have-----has take------took
buy------bought / / drink-----drank go------went come-----came
短语：
1. a wonderful vacation 一个精彩的假期
2. feel cold 感觉寒冷
3. eat ice-cream 吃冰淇淋
4. see animals 看动物
5. lose camera 丢失照相机
6. stay in the hotel 待在旅馆里
7. sleep late 晚睡
8. drink cold drinks 喝冷饮
9. on the beach 在海滨
10. have pizza 吃比萨
11. buy some souvenirs 买纪念品
12. on one’s vacation 在某人的假期
13. a lot of = lots of+ c (pl)/ u 许多
14. in the sea 在海里
15. have a lot of fun 过得愉快
16. ride horses 骑马
17. make some new friends 交一些新朋友
18. teach English 教英语
19. by+交通工具 乘坐交通工具
20. climb hills 爬山
21. visit an old friend 拜访一个老朋友
22. buy sth. for sb. (n/pron宾格) 为某人买某物
=buy sb. sth. (n/pron宾格)
23. buy many gifts 买许多礼物
24. in the past ten years 在过去的十年里
25. learn many languages 学习许多语言
26. on one’s trip 在某人的旅途中
27. different countries 不同的国家
28. around the world 世界各地
29. the Oriental Pearl Tower 东方明珠电视塔
30. the whole day 一整天
31. a beautiful place 一个美丽的地方
32. look for sb. / sth. (n./pron宾格) 寻找……
交际用语：
1. Where did you go on your vacation?
I / We went to…
2. How did you go there?
I / We went there by…
语法：动词的
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