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Unit 2 Body language（单词、词组）
一、知识导航：
知
识
目
标
必记单词
1. language (n) 语言 body language 肢体语言 foreign language 外语
2. communication (n) 交流，交际 communicate (v) communicate with sb: 与。。。沟通，交流
3. accept (v) 接受（建议、邀请等） accept one’s advice = take one’s advice: 接受某人的建议
ask for one's advice: 征求意见
4. reject: 拒绝接受，不予考虑(accept反义词) make / accept / reject suggestions: 提出/接受/拒绝建议
5. meaning (n) 意义，意思 mean (v) 意思是，意味着 Money doesn’t mean everything.
What does this word mean? means: (n) 方式，手段
6. gesture: (n) 手势
7. message：(n) 信息，消息 take a message: 捎口信 leave a message: 留言
send a message:发信息 receive a message: 收到信息
8. bored: (adj) 厌倦的，烦闷的 boring: (adj) 无聊的 bored是指人"觉得"很无聊（通常人作主语），boring是指这个东西"本身"很无聊（通常物作主语）。
9. part - time: (adj) 兼职的 a part – time job兼职工作 a full - time job: 全职工作
10. well - dressed: (adj) 衣着入时的，穿着讲究的 a well - dressed lady 一位穿着讲究的女士
dress: (v) 给。。。穿衣服，后常接人作宾语。 get dressed: 穿衣服 dress up: 盛装，打扮
11. lady: (n) 女士，女子 gentleman: 男士，先生 ladies and gentlemen: 女士们先生们
12. sigh: (v) 叹气，叹息 sigh - sighed –sighed
13. matter: (n) (询问某人的情况) 怎么了 What’s the matter? 常用于某人或某物出现什么问题。
14. expression: (n) 表情，神色 express: (v) 表达 express one’s feeling: 表达情感
15. appearance: (n) 外貌，外表 / 出现，到来 appear: (v) 出现
16. impression: (n) 印象 make a good impression on…: 留…下一个好印象
impress: (v) 印；给…以深刻印象；使铭记 be impressed by sb / with sth: 对……有印象
17. towards: (prep) 向，朝，对着 forward: (adj) 向前的 backward: (adj) 向后的
18. hold: (v) 使保持（在某位置） hold – held –held hold her head up: 抬头 hold on! 坚持住！继续!
19. later: (adv) 以后；后来 five years later: 五年后
20. remind: (v) 提醒；使想起 remind sb about sth: 提醒某人某事
21. neck: (n) 脖子；颈 necklace: 项链
22. cross: (v) 使交叉；使交叠 cross one’s arms cross: (n) 十字架，十字路口
(v) 交错而行;横渡;越境 = go across
23. nod: (v) 点头 nod one’s head 点头
24. shake: (v) (与某人)握手 / 摇头 shake – shook – shaken
shake hands 握手 shake one’s head 摇头
25. sure: (adj) 确信，肯定 Are you sure?
be sure of doing sth: 做某事有把握 be sure to do sth: 肯定会做某事
常考短语
1. body language 身势语；肢体语言 2. take place 发生 happen 发生
3. walk over: 向。。。走过去 4. instead of: 代替
5. give people a good impression: 给人留下好印象 6. make sb do sth: 让某人做某事
7. look down: 俯视 look up: 仰视 look down upon 看不起 8. decide to do sth: 决定做某事
9. sit up 坐起来；坐直 sit up straight: 坐直身体 10. try doing sth: 尝试做某事/try to do sth:尽力做。。。
11. at once: 立刻，马上 12. make a good impression on 给。。。留下好印象
13. remind sb. about sth. 提醒某人某事 14. have / get a chance to do sth: 有机会去做某事
15. the key to sth: …的关键 16. such as: 例如 与for example的区别
17. be interested in sth / doing sth: 对…感兴趣 18. look forward to doing sth: 盼望做某事
19. because of : 因为，由于 because + 句子 20. according to: 根据，按照
经典句型
1. What’s the matter? 怎么了？
2. Why not go skating? 为什么不去滑冰呢？
3. Why don’t you go to Harbin? 你为什么不去哈尔滨呢？
4. What about going skating? 去滑冰怎么样？
5. You’d better go skating. 你最好去滑冰。
重点语法
动名词
二、要点全解：
1. angry(生气的), excited(感到兴奋的), happy(高兴的), surprised(惊讶的)
(1) angry (adj) 生气的 angrily (adv) anger (n) be angry with sb: 生某人的气
跟踪练习： “Why are you late for school again?” said his teacher __________. (angry)
(2) excited (adj) 感到兴奋的，多指人对事物的感受，主语一般为人。
be excited about / at / by sth: 对。。。感到兴奋
e.g.: I am excited about the film. 我对这部电影感到兴奋。
【拓展】exciting (adj) 令人兴奋的，多指事物对人的影响，一般修饰物。
e.g.: Have you heard of the exciting news? 你听说那个令人兴奋的消息了吗？
【一言辩异】I was very excited after watching the exciting football match.
观看了那场令人兴奋的足球比赛后，我感到非常兴奋。
(3) happy (adj) 高兴的 反义词: unhappy happily (adv) happiness (n)
(4) surprised (adj) 惊讶的 多指人对某事感到惊讶，主语一般为人。
be surprised to do sth: 吃惊的做某事 be surprised at sth: 对某事感到惊讶 be surprised + that从句: 惊奇。。。
I am surprised to hear you say that.
【拓展】① surprising: (adj) 令人惊讶的，表示某物令人惊讶。
It is a rather surprising achievement. 它真是个令人惊异的成就。
② surprise (n) 令人惊奇的事
to one’s surprise: 令某人惊奇的是 in surprise: 惊讶地
To our surprise, he arrived at the station in time. 令我们吃惊的是，他及时到达了车站。
【一言辩异】To my surprise, my father wasn’t surprised at the surprising news.
使我感到惊奇的是，我父亲对这个令人吃惊的消息不感到惊讶。
跟踪练习：I am surprised to find great changes have taken place in China. (改为同义句)
______ my ________, I find great changes have taken place in china.
2. Where does the story take place?
take place: 发生，举行，没有被动语态。
【辨析】take place 与happen：
take place
指事先安排好地、有计划地发生，没有“偶然”的意味
Great changes have taken place in China since 1978. 自1978年以来，中国发生了巨大的变化。
happen
指事情的发生往往带有“偶然”或“未能预见”的意味
When did the accident happen? 这起事故发生在什么时候？
跟踪练习：The Olympic Games of 2016 will _______ in Brazil.
A. take after B. take off C. take place D. take away
3. What body language are the boy and the girl showing?
show: 显示, 展示 show – showed – showed / shown
【拓展】① (v) 给。。。看，出示。 show sb sth = show sth to sb 给某人看某物
e.g.: Please show me your photo. = Please show your photo to me. 请给我看一看你的照片。
② (n) 演出，节目，展览会。 E.g.: The show starts at 7:30 p.m. 演出在晚上7:30开始。
4. Which person looks friendlier, the boy or the girl?
(1) person: 可数名词。人。 persons (复数) personal (adj) 个人的，私人的 personality (n) 人格，人品
【辨析】person 与people：
person
个体名词，它泛指man, woman或child中的任何一个。a person (一个人), 需要说明一个人的性别时，要用a man / woman来表示。 Who is the youngest person in your class?
people
作人讲时是集合名词，表复数概念。说一个人时，不用people; 当表示两个或两个以上的人时，可用people。 There are many people in the supermarket on Sundays.
(2) friendly (adj) 友好的 friendly – friendlier / more friendly – friendliest /most friendly
be friendly to sb: 对某人友好 He is friendly to us. 他对我们很友好。
be friendly with sb: 与某人很要好 Tom is friendly with his cousin. 汤姆和他的表兄很要好。
跟踪练习：If you are more ___________ to your classmates, you will get on well with them. (friendly, friend)
5. A well-dressed lady entered the office.
well - dressed: (adj) 衣着入时的，穿着讲究的 a well - dressed lady 一位穿着讲究的女士
【拓展】 dress: (v) 及物动词给。。。穿衣服，后常接人作宾语。
e.g.: The little girl is too young to dress herself. 小女孩太小了，不能自己穿衣服。
get dressed: 穿衣服 dress up: 盛装，打扮
【辨析】wear, put on, have…on, in与 dress：
wear
穿着
表状态
可接衣服，鞋帽、眼镜、耳环等。wear –wore – worn
The boy wearing a red coat is my brother.
put on
穿上
表动作
可接衣服，鞋帽等。
Put on your sweater.
have…on
穿着
表状态
可接衣服，但无进行时态，宾语是代词时，只能放中间。have it on
She has on a pair of jeans today.
in
穿着
表状态
后接衣服、颜色
She said to the boy in blue angrily.
dress
给（某人）穿
表动作
后接人而不是衣服。
The woman is dressing her son.
歌诀助记：表示“穿戴”的单词或短语的用法
“穿戴”动作put on, 状态wear已穿上。穿鞋袜、着服装，眼镜、手套、帽戴上。
wear用法还要广，戴表、首饰、花、徽章。dress接人做宾语，in后颜色或衣裳。
跟踪练习：同义词选择。What are they wearing on Sundays? A. put B. put on C. in D. putting on
6. What’s the matter? 常用于某人或某物出现什么问题。
同义句型：What’s the trouble? / What’s wrong? / What’s up?
【拓展】若表示“。。。怎么了 / 出了什么毛病？”可使用句型: What’s the matter / trouble with…? / What’s up with…? / What’s wrong with….
- What’s the matter with your pen? - It’s broken.
7. People always choose Debbie instead of me.
instead of: 介词短语，代替。它后面常接宾语，宾语多由名词、代词、动词ing 形式充当。
e.g.: We'll ask Li Mei instead of Mary.
【辨析】instead of 与instead：
instead
代替”“替代”，作副词用，通常位于句尾。如位于句首时常用逗号与后面隔开。instead 在顺接句子中作“代替”讲，而在转折（或逆转）句子中作“然而”讲。
Lily isn't here. Ask Lucy instead. Lily不在这儿，去问Lucy吧.
instead of
instead of是介宾短语，其意与instead相同，不同之处在于它后面常接宾语，其宾语多由名词、代词、动词ing 形式充当。
I'll go instead of her. 我会替她去。
8. Your body language is important too.
(1) important (adj) 重要的 unimportant (反义词) 不重要的 importance (n) 重要性
（2）too, 副词，意为“也，而且”，多用于肯定句句末。
【辨析】too, also 与either：也，又
too
只能用于肯定句，一般用于句末。
I would rather stay at home too. 我也宁可待在家里。
also
比too更正式，用于肯定句，一般放在句中，行为动词之前，联系动词be、助动词或情态动词之后。
I also want to buy a new bike. 我也想买辆新自行车。
either
用在否定句中，放在句末。
If he doesn’t go, I won’t either. 如果他不去，我也不去。
歌诀助记：also, either 和too的用法区别
be also, also do, 句中位置应记清。
also语气比too重，它们都来表肯定。
如果要把否定表，either常在后句用。
9. Your whole appearance communicates things.
whole: 此处用作形容词，意为“全部的，整体的”，多在句中作定语。
I had to listen to the whole boring story. 我不得不听整个无聊的故事。
【辨析】whole 与all：
whole
位于冠词(a, an, the)、形容词性物主代词、指示代词或所有格等修饰成分之后。
He spent a whole day in museum.
My whole day was ruined.
all
位于定冠词(the)、形容词性物主代词、指示代词或所有格等修饰成分之前。
All Johns’ brothers are very tall.
My teacher gave me all the advice I needed.
10. Her body language is making people feel welcome, so they go to her for help.
make sb do sth: 是某人做某事，make此处做使役动词，意为“使、让”。
make / have / let sb do sth: 让某人做某事。The moving story made us cry.
make sb / sth done: “sth/sb”是被动的完成某一动作。She can’t make herself heard in Chinese.
【拓展】make 的其他用法：
① be made to do sth: 被迫去做某事 I was made to stay at home yesterday.
② make sth to do sth: 制作某物五做某事。Make此处为实义动词“制作”。They made a fire to keep warm.
③ make it + 形容词/名词to do sth: 使做某事。。。。。此处it为形式宾语，真正宾语为动词不定式结构。
The internet makes it easy to look up information. 因特网使查找信息变得容易。
④ make sb / sth + 形容词: 使某人/某物。。。。 Our teacher tries to make her class interesting.
跟踪练习：He lost his key. It made him __________ in the cold to wait for his wife’s return.
A. to stay B. stayed C. stays D. stay
11. decide to do sth: 决定做某事
12. He sat up straight and tried smiling at people.
【辨析】try doing sth 与try to do sth：
try doing sth
用某一种方法试着去做某事。
You’d better try doing the experiment in another way.
try to do sth
尽力去做某事，不包含是否成功之意。
She tried to pass the exam.
13. A few months later, she left with a smile.
leave (v): 离开leave – left –left
【拓展】 leave: (v) 剩下，留下，通常用起过去分词作定语。
Is there any food left in the fridge? 冰箱里还有剩余的食物吗
leave + 地点名词：离开某地 He will leave his country two days later.
leave for + 地点名词：动身去某地 We’re leaving for Beijing tomorrow morning.
14. at once: 立刻，马上 = right away = right now.
15. She wanted to remind me that tomorrow is her birthday.
remind: 提醒，使记起。
常用结构：remind sb of / about sb / sth: 使某人想起 某人/ 某事
remind sb + that从句: 提醒某人。。。
remind sb to do sth: 提醒某人做某事
16. polite: 有礼貌的 impolite: (反义词)没有礼貌的 politely(副词) be polite to sb: 对某人有礼貌。
17. keep something in a place:
keep: 保持，保留 keep – kept – kept
【拓展】keep的其他用法：
① keep +形容词: 保持。。。（在某一状态） keep healthy 保持健康 keep warm保暖
② keep doing sth: 一直做某事，不间断地做某事 You shouldn’t keep thinking about it.
③ keep on doing sth: 反复做某事 The student kept on asking me the same question.
④ keep… from doing sth: 阻止 / 防止。。。做某事 In order to keep the children from swimming in the sea, he keeps them staying at home all day.
跟踪练习： As we all know, it’s not polite to keep others ____ for a long time.
A. wait B. waited C. to wait D. waiting
18. I can get another job like this.
【辨析】another, the other, others与the others：
another
另一个的，再一个的 = one more 或a different one
只从三个或三个以上的人或物中除去已知部分后“余下部分中的某一个”，非特指。
the other
另一个 = the second of the two
指两者中的另一个，是特指，常与one连用。
others
另一些，再一些 = some of the rest
只从三个或三个以上的人或物中除去已知部分后“余下部分中的某一些”，非特指，常与some连用。
the others
其余的，剩余的= all of the rest
只从三个或三个以上的人或物中除去已知部分后“余下部分中的全部”，是特指。
跟踪练习：-- Oh, the traffic is too heavy. – Let’s change ______ route to the airport.
A. other B. others C. the other D. another
19. 提建议常用句型：
1. Why not go skating? 为什么不去滑冰呢？
2. Why don’t you go to Harbin? 你为什么不去哈尔滨呢？
3. What about / How about going skating? 去滑冰怎么样？
4. You’d better go skating. 你最好去滑冰。
【拓展】① shall we + 动词原形。。。：我们。。。好吗？
② let’s + 动词原形。。。：让我们。。。吧
③ you ought to / should + 动词原形。。。：你应该。。。
④ would you like to + 动词原形。。。：你想。。。吗？
跟踪练习：
1. Why not ______ your teacher for help when you can’t finish ______ the story by yourself?
A. to ask, write B. to ask, writing C. ask, writing D. asking, to write
2. -- What about _______ a rest? --OK. Let’s go out and have a walk.
A. to take B. take C. takes D. taking
3. 你最好买一本英语字典。_____________________ buy an English dictionary.
20. 【辨析】such as 与 for example：例如
such as
表列举。
Tom likes fruits such as apples and bananas.
for example
表举例说明，往往用逗号隔开。
For example, John has the same opinion.
21. And if you look away, they may also think that you’re lying.
(1) lie: (v) 说谎 lie –lying – lied – lied (n) 谎言 tell a lie 撒谎
【辨析】lie 与lay:
原形
过去式
过去分词
现在分词
例句
lie
不及物动词
说谎
lied
lied
lied
Don’t believe him. He is lying.
lie
不及物动词
躺，位于
lay
lain
lying
Please lie down for a while; you are too tired.
lay
及物动词或不及物动词
放置，产卵，下蛋
laid
laid
laying
The old hen doesn’t lay eggs.
歌诀助记：lie 与 lay 的用法
规则是说谎(lie-lied-lied), 不规则是躺(lie-lay-lain)；
躺过就下蛋(lay-laid-laid), 下蛋不规则。
【一言辩异】A little boy lay on the ground and lied, “A cock has laid an egg.”
一个小男孩躺在地上撒谎说：“一只公鸡下了一个蛋。”
(2) look away: 把脸转过去； 转移目光； 把目光移开去； 看别的地方
【拓展】有关look的常用短语：
1. look after 照顾，照料 2. look ahead 向前看,着眼未来 3. look as if 看上去好像 4. look at 看着
5. look around/about 四处看看，四下环顾 6. look back 回头看;回顾 7. look down upon(on) 看不起,轻视
8. look forward to 盼望，期待 9. look into 朝...看去;调查 10. look like 看上去象
11. look on 旁观，观望 12. look on ... as ... 把...看作... 13. look out 当心，小心，留神 14. look out 警惕
15. look through 浏览，翻阅，温习,仔细查看；透过...看 16. look up 查寻，查阅;抬头看
22. These differences can cause problems.
difference: (n) 可数名词，“不同，差异，差别”
(adj) different 不同的 (adv) differently be different from 与。。。不同 be different in 在某一方面不同
There are many differences between the two languages.
Chinese names are different from English names.
The two sweaters are different in color.
跟踪练习：This school is different ______ others. It has many out-of-class activities.
A. off B. from C. of D. for
23. Not using eye contact can cause problems, but using too much is not polite either.
too much: 太多，通常作定语，修饰不可数名词。
He doesn’t have too much money.
【辨析】too much, much too 与 too many:
too much
太多，通常作定语，修饰不可数名词，也可单独使用，作状语
He drank too much beer last night.（作定语）
Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. （作状语）
much too
太，非常，作状语，修饰形容词或副词。
The weather was much too cold.
too many
太多，作定语，修饰可数名词复数形式。
There are too many mistakes in the article.
歌诀助记：too much, much too 与 too many的用法
too much, much too, 用法区别看后头。
much 后跟不可数，too后就接形或副。
too many 要记住，其后名词必复数。
24. Do Asians use eye contact as often as Westerners?
as … as: 和。。。一样 否定形式：not as…as 和。。。不一样
as的具体用法：
① as … as ：结构中间接形容词或副词原级。
The film is as interesting as that one.
② as much + 不可数名词 + as ：尽可能多的。。。
as many + 可数名词复数 + as ：尽可能多的。。。，结构中名词也可提前。
My mother bought as many books as she could for me. = My mother bought books as many as she could for me.
③ as
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