高一英语必修一课文.docx

必修一
Unit1
Anne’s Best Friend
Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest
feelings and thoughts? Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you,
or would not understand what you are going through? Anne Frank wanted the
first kind, so she made her diary her best friend.
Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World WarⅡ. Her family
was Jewish so nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered. During
that time the only true friend was her diary. She said, ”I don’t want to set down
a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be
my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.” Now read how she felt after being in
the hiding place since July 1942.
Thursday
15th
June, 1944
Dear Kitty,
I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that
I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. I can well remember
that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight
and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. That’s changed since I was
here.
…For example, one evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake on
purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by my
self. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn’t dare open a window.
Another time five months ago, I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the
window was open. I didn’t go downstairs until the window bad to be shut. The
dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their
power; it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to
face…
…Sadly …I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging
before very dusty windows. It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer
because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.
Yours,
Anne

Unit2
the Road to Modern English
At the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke
English. Nearly all of them lived in England. Later in the next century, people
from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world, and because
of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries. Today, more
people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever
before.
Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t
speak the same kind of English. Look at this example:
British Betty: Would you like to see my flat?
American Amy: Yes. I’d like to come up to you apartment.
So why has English changed over time? Actually all languages change
and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other. At fist the
English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very
different from the English spoken today. It was base more on German than
the English we speak at present. Then gradually between about AD 500 and
1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England
spoke first Danish and later French. These new settlers enriched the English
language and especially its vocabulary. So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was
able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. In 1620 some British
settlers moved to America. Later in the 18th century some British people were
taken to Australia to. English began to be spoken in both countries.
Finally by the 19th century the language was settled. At that time two big
changes in English spelling happened: first Samuel Johnson wrote his
dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the
English language. The latter gave a separate identity to American English
spelling.
English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South Asia.
For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers
because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. During that time English
became the language for government and education. English is also spoken
in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa.
Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. In
fact, China may have the largest number of English learners. Will Chinese
English develop its own identity? Only time will tell.

Unit3
Journey Down the Mekong
My name is Wang Kun. Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei
and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip. Two years ago she bought
an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy one. Last
year, she visited our cousins, Dao Wei and Yu Hang at their college if
Kunming. They are Dai and grew up in western Yunnan Province near the
Lancang River, the Chinese part of the river that is called the Mekong River in
other countries.Wang Wei soon got time interested in cycling too. After
graduating from college, we finally got the chance to take a bike trip. I asked
my sister, “Where are we going?” It was my sister who first had the idea to
cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.
Now she is planning our schedule for the trip.
I am fond of my sister but she has one serious shortcoming. She can be
really stubborn. Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places,
she insisted that she organize the trip properly. Now I know that the proper
way is always her way. I kept asking her, “When are we leaving and when are
we coming back?” I asked her whether she had looked at a map yet. Of
course she hadn’t; my sister doesn’t care about details. So I told her that the
source of the Mekong is in Qinghai Province. She gave me a determined look
-- the kind that said she would not change her mind. When I told her that our
journey would begin at an altitude of more than 5,000 meters, she seemed to
be excited about it. When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it
would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience. I know my
sister well. Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it. Finally, I
had to give in.
Several months before our trip, Wang Wei and I went to the library. We
found a large atlas with good maps that showed details of world geography.
From the atlas we could see that the Mekong River begins in a glacier to
move quickly. It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, traveling
across western Yunnan Province. Sometimes the river becomes a water fall
and enters wide valleys. We were both surprised to learn that half of the river
is in China. After it leaves China and high altitude, the Mekong becomes wide,
brown and warm. As it enters Southeast Asia, its pace slows. It makes wide
bends or meanders through low valleys to the plains where rice grows. At last,
the river delta enters the South China Sea.

Unit4
A Night the Earth didn’t Sleep
Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei. For
three days the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. Farmers
noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in them. A smelly gas came out of
the cracks. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous
to eat. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide. Fish jumped out of
their bowls and ponds. At about 3:00 am on July 28, 1976, some people saw
bright lights in the sky. The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of
Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky. In the city, the water pipes in
some buildings cracked and burst. But the one million people of the city, who
thought little of these events, were asleep as usual the night.
At 3:42 am everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world was at an
end! Eleven kilometers directly below the city the greatest earthquake of the
20th century had begun. It was felt in Beijing, which is more than two hundred
kilometers away. One-third of the nation felt it. A huge crack that was eight
kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses, roads and canals.
Steam burst from holes in the ground. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.
In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. The suffering of the people
was extreme. Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.
Thousands of families were killed of injured reached more than 400,000.
But how could the survivors believe it was natural? Everywhere they
looked nearly every thing was destroyed. All of the city’s hospitals, 75% of its
factories and buildings and 90% of its homes were gone. Bricks covered the
ground like red autumn leaves. No wind, however, could blow them away.
Two dams fell and most of the bridges also fell or were not safe for traveling.
The railway tracks were now useless pieces of steel. Tens of thousands of
cows would never give milk again. Half a million pigs and millions of chickens
were dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were shocked.
Then, later that afternoon, another big quake which was almost as strong as
the first one shook Tangshan. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were
trapped under the ruins. More buildings fell down. Water, food, and electricity
were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.
All hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000
soldiers of thousands of people were helped. The army organized teams to
dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. To the north of the city,
most of the 10,000 miners were rescued from the coal mines there. Workers
built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Fresh water
was taken to the city by train, truck and plane. Slowly, the city began to
breathe again.

Unit5
Elias’ Story
My name is Elias. I am a poor black worker in South Africa. The time
when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. I was
twelve years old. It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I
went for advice. He offered guidance to poor black people on their legal
problems. He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.
I needed his help because I had very little education. I began school at six.
The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometers away. I
had to leave because my family could not continue to pay the school fees and
the bus fare. I could not read or write well. After trying hard, I got a job in a
gold mine. However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to
live in Johannesburg. Sadly I did not have it because I was not born there,
and I worried about whether I would become out of work.
The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest. He
told me how to get the correct papers so I could stay in Johannesburg. I
became more hopeful about my future. I never forgot how kind Mandela was.
When he organized the ANC Youth League, I joined it as soon as I could. He
said:
“The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping out
rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have
almost no rights at all.”
It was the truth. Black people could not vote or choose their leaders. They
could not get the jobs they wanted. The parts of town in which they had to live
were decided by white people. The places outside the towns where they were
sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa. No one could grow food
there. In fact as Nelson Mandela said:
“…we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were
less important or fight the government. We chose to attack the laws. We first
broke the law in a way which was peaceful; when this was not allowed…only
then did we decide to answer violence with violence.”
As a matter of fact, I do not like violence… but in 1963 I helped him blow
up some government buildings. It was very dangerous because if I was
caught I could be put in prison. But I was happy to help because I knew it
would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.