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一般过去时用动词的过去式构成,即在动词原形后加ed。
■表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态。常与yesterday, last week, in 1989, just now, a moment ago, the other day等连用。如:
He was here just now. 他刚才还在这里。
What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么事?
■在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作。如:
We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。
注:表示过去经常发生的动作还可用used to 和would。如:
He used to smoke a lot, but he doesn’t now. 他过去经常抽烟,但现在不抽了。
Whenever we were in trouble, he would help us. 每当我们遇到困难,他都会帮助我们。
■表示主语过去的特征或性格。如:
At that time she was very good at English. 那时她英语学得很好。
■用在状语从句中表示过去将来。如:
He said he would wait until they came back.
■一般过去时有时可以表示现在,多与 want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等动词连用,使语气更委婉。如:
I wondered if you could help me. 不知你能不能帮我一下。
有时用一般过去时也是时态一致的需要。如:
I didn’t know you were here. 没想到你在这里。
1. 表示一系列的动作,尽管有先后,都用一般过去时,最后两个动词之间用and连结。如:
He opened the door, rushed out and then disappeared. 他打开门,冲了出去,然后就消失了。
2. 注意在语境中理解“我刚才/原来还不……”。如:
—Your phone number again? I didn’t quite catch it. —It’s 2566666. 请再说一次你的电话号码,好吗?我刚才没听清楚。是2566666。
1.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:
⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasn’t)
⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=weren’t)
⑶带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were放到句首。
2.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句:didn’t +动词原形,如:Jim didn’t go home yesterday.
一般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。
如:Did Jim go home yesterday?
特殊疑问句:
⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?如: What did Jim do yesterday?
⑵疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式?如:Who went to home yesterday?
动词过去式变化规则:
1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2.结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted
3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped
4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed,如:study-studied
5.不规则动词过去式:
am,is-was are-were, do-did, see-sw,
say-said give-gave, get- got, go-went
come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took,
run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made
read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank,
fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept,
buy-bought swim-swam, sit-sat bring--brought
can-could cut-cut become-became begin-began
draw-drew feel-felt find-found forget-forgot
hear-heard keep-kept know-knew learn-learnt (learned)
leave-left let-let lose-lost meet-met
read-read sleep-slept speak-spoke take-took
teach-taught tell-told write-wrote wake-woke
think-though
一、巧记一般过去时:
动词一般过去时,表示过去发生的事;be用was或用were, have,has变had;
谓语动词过去式,过去时间作标志;一般动词加-ed,若是特殊得硬记。
否定句很简单,主语之后didn’t添;
疑问句也不难,did放在主语前; 不含be动词时
如果谓语之前有did,谓语动词需还原;
动词若是was,were,否定就把not添。 含be动词时
疑问句也不难,要把was,were放在主语前。
二、 be的一般过去时:学习动词be的一般过去时,下面有一口诀,它可以帮你们更好地掌
握动词be的一般过去时。 be的过去时有四巧:
一是时间状语巧, 表示过去的短语要记牢;
二是形式巧,单数was,复数were;
三巧是否定句结构,not紧跟was/were;
四是疑问句式巧,was/were向前跑(提前)。
【一巧】时间状语(即标志词)巧。一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,恰巧
与表示过去的一些时间状语连用。
1. yesterday或以其构成的短语:yesterday morning(afternoon, evening)等;
2. 由“last+一时间名词”构成的短语:last night, last year (winter, month, week)等;
3. 由“时间段+ago”构成的短语:a moment ago, a short time ago, an hour ago等;
4. 其它:just now等
5. 由某些表示过去时态的从句等。
【二巧】形式巧。它与一般现在时一样,形式多样:当主语是第一人称单数或第三人称单
数时,谓语动词用was;主语是第二人称或其他人称复数时,谓语动词用were。
例如: I was in the classroom yesterday morning. 昨天早上我在教室里。
He was at school last Tuesday. 上周二他在学校。
They were over there a moment ago. 刚才他们在那边。
【三巧】否定句结构巧。与动词be的一般现在时一样,它在动词后面加not即可变成否定
句,并且was, were与not可以缩写成wasn't, weren't。即:
主语 + wasn't/ weren't + 表语 + 其他。例如:
I was not (=wasn't) here yesterday. 昨天我不在这儿。
My parents were not (=weren't) at home last Sunday. 上周日我父母不在家。
【四巧】 疑问句式巧。把was, were提到句首,句末用问号即可变为一般疑问句。即:
Was(Were) + 主语 +表语 + 其他?这恰巧与动词be的一般现在时的疑问句
式相似。例如: Were you at home the day before yesterday﹖ 前天你在家吗?
Was she late this morning﹖今天早上她迟到了吗?
更巧的是疑问句的答语也相似,肯定回答用“Yes, 主语+was/were.”;
否定回答用“No,主语+wasn't/weren't.”。
例如:—Were Wei Hua and Han Mei here just now﹖ 刚才魏华和韩梅在这儿吗?
—Yes, they were. (No, they weren't.) 是的,她们在。(不,她们不在。)
过去时练习:写出下列动词的过去式
is\am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________ drink_________
play_______ go________ make ________ does_________ dance________
worry________ ask _____ taste_________ eat__________ draw________
put ______ throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________
用be动词的适当形式填空。
1. I ______ an English teacher now.
2. She _______ happy yesterday.
3. They _______ glad to see each other last month.
4. Helen and Nancy ________ good friends.
5. The little dog _____ two years old this year.
6. Look, there ________ lots of grapes here.
7. There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday.
8. Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June.
It _____ Children’s Day. All the students ______ very excited.
用正确动词形式填空。
1. I _________ (have) an exciting party last weekend.
2. _________ she _________(practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she _________.
3. What ________ Tom ________ (do) on Saturday evening?
He ________(watch) TV and __________(read) an interesting book.
4. They all _________(go) to the mountains yesterday morning.
5. She _________(not visit) her aunt last weekend.
She ________ (stay) at home and _________(do) some cleaning.
6. When ________ you _________(write) this song? I __________(write) it last year.
7. My friend, Carol, ________(study) for the math test and ________(practice) English last night.
8. ________ Mr. Li __________(do) the project on Monday morning? Yes, he _________.
9. How _________(be) Jim's weekend? It _________(be not) bad.
10. ________ (be) your mother a sales assistant last year? No. she __________
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