牛津深圳版八年级下unit1知识点与练习.doc

知识讲解
考点1
1. permission n. 准许/批准 （不可数名词）
Jim took the laptop without ____________________. 杰姆未经同意擅自拿走了手提电脑。
拓展：____________ v. 允许；准许；使有可能
ask permission to do sth 征得同意做某事
ask permission 报请批准
permit sb to do 允许某人做……
2. raise vt. 筹募、增加、提高
raise money for … 为……筹钱
They are raising money for the people who lost homes in the earthquake.
他们正在为那些在地震中失去家园的人筹钱。
3.sick和ill的区别
sick
作表语
生病的，恶心的
She is ill / sick in bed. 她卧病在床。
The smell makes me sick.这气味使我感到恶心。
作定语
生病的
She is looking after her sick father .她在照顾她生病的父亲。
ill
作表语
生病的
She is ill / sick in bed. 她卧病在床。
作定语
坏的，邪恶的
He is an ill man. 他是一个邪恶的人。
4. offer 主动提出
offer sb sth = offer sth to sb 给某人提供某物
She ________ some ________ on keeping fit. 她提出了一些有关保持健康的建议。
5.suffer v 受苦；受折磨
suffer from （因……）痛苦、苦恼，其后常接表示疾病、痛苦、寒冷、饥饿、悲伤等的词语，无被动语态。
Many teenagers are _______ _______ the computer games.
6. lonely 与 alone的区分
lonely：是一种精神状态
alone：是一种事实上的状态
She lives _________ and often feels _________.
7. take photos of 给……拍照
take photos 拍照
Tony enjoys taking photos.
His uncle took lots of photos of animals in danger.
拓展：make friends with 和……交朋友
exchange seats交换座位
shake hands with与……握手
take turns to do sth.轮流做某事
join hands with与……联系/合作
8. help sb.(to)do sth.帮助某人做某事
=help sb. with sth.
He often helps me(to)study English.
=He often helps me with my English.
拓展：help oneself to sth.随便吃某物
Help yourself to some fish,children.
can’t help doing…禁不住做……
She can’t help laughing.
9.spend vt,度过，消磨
He spent his holiday in the country with his girlfriend.
复习：话费
How much money do you spend each week?
常见搭配
sb.+spend(s)+money/time+(in)doing sth.某人花费时间/金钱做某事
sb.+spend(s)+money/time+on sth.某人在某事、某物上花费金钱/时间
They spend a lot of time watching TV every day.
He doesn’t spend a lot of money on food.
人+ spend(s)+钱/时间+（in）doing sth./on sth.
10.die vi.死
第三人称单数：dies
过去式：died
现在分词：dying
形容词：dead
名词：death
注意：die为非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，但可以转换成be dead.
He died 3 years ago.
He has been dead for 3 years.
11.need 1 实义动词，意为“需要” +名词、代词或不定式
They don’t need any help. 他们不需要任何帮助。
He needs to have a good rest.
2 情态动词，没有人称和数的变化+动词原形，主要用于否定句和疑问句中。
You needn’t become very nevous.
Must I bring my homework now?
No, you needn’t. You can bring it tomorrow.
注意：need 后接动词- ing时表示被动意义。
These flowers need watering.
12.have difficulty(in) doing sth.做某事有困难
I have some difficulty(in) working out the maths problems.
我算出算些数学问题有困难
have trouble(in) doing sth做某事有麻烦
have problems(in) doing sth做某事有问题
have fun(in) doing sth做某事有乐趣
13.hurt 1.vt. 伤害
You shouldn’t hurt it.
2. vi.(身体部位)疼痛
My stomach hurts because I have eaten too many apples.
3.n. 伤痛，伤害，创伤
I mean no hurt to her feeling.
14. hope vt. 希望 +to do/that-clause
I hope to see you soon.
We hope that we could be back before dinner.
hope与wish的区别
相同点
不同点
表示“想，希望”，宾语可为to do,不能为doing
hope
wish

1、+复合宾语，即wish sb. to do sth.
hope+that-clause,表示容易实现的愿望
wish+that-clause表示不容易实现的愿望，且从句中谓语用虚拟语气
在简略回答中，I hope so/not.

+双宾语，表祝愿

沙场练兵：
1) I ________to visit Guilin.
2) I ________ you to go.
3) I _______you’ll be better soon.
4) I________I were ten years younger.
5) I_________ you a happy New Year!
6) –Tomorrow it’ll be sunny, won’t it?
-I_______ so.
考点2
1.（1）+to do（宾语）
want(想) agree(同意) offer(提供) promise(承诺)
plan(计划) decide(决定) pretend(假装) try(努力)
wish/hope(希望) fail(失败)
【记忆】某人想同意提供承诺计划，但却决定假装努力，所以他的希望失败了！
（2）+sb to do(宾补)
want(想) force/get(使) tell/ask/order(叫/命令),
remind(提醒) advise(建议) encourage(鼓励) persuade(说服),
【记忆】（想死叫命令）想使，叫命令；提醒建议，鼓励说服
2.注意：动词不定式符号 “to” 的省略的情况：
(1) 在使役动词have, let, make之后。
(2) 在感官动词feel, hear, see, watch, notice, observe, listen to, look at之后。
(3) 在why和why not之后。
(4) 在其他结构之中。
如：had better do sth.
would rather do sth.
help sb. (to) do sth.
help (to) do sth.等。

三、课堂运用
Choices：
( ) 1. My parents agree __________ us to the cinema.
A. with B. to take C. on to take D. taking
( ) 2. Try __________ worried!
A. to not to be B. not to be C. not be D. to be not
( ) 3. The sun and its planets __________ the solar system.
A. is called B. call C. are called D. calls
( ) 4. The old man lives __________ but he isn’t __________ at all.
A. alone; lonely B. lonely; alone C. alone; alone D. lonely; lonely
( ) 5. This famous painting ___________ him a lot of money.
A. paid B. cost C. spent D. pays
( ) 6. Today Mary ___________ a new dress. How beautiful!
A. is wearing B. is having on C. is putting on
( ) 7. The room is ___________ audience. The speech is starting soon.
A. filled of B. full of C. full with
( ) 8. My father often sleeps with the windows __________.
A. opened B. opening C. open
( ) 9. The student __________ Jack is waiting for you.
A. calling B. calls C. called
( ) 10. Her parents died in the earthquake, ___________ her an orphan（孤儿）.
A. to leave B. left C. leaving
( ) 11. —Is ___________ here?
—No, Li Lei and Han Mei have asked for leave（请假了）.
A. everybody B. somebody C. anybody D. nobody
( ) 12. The man asked “Do you have ___________ to say?”
A. anything important B. important something
C. something important D. important anything
( ) 14. “Don’t always make Michael ________ this or that. He is already a big boy, dear,” Mr Brush said to his wife.
A. do B. to do C. does D. did
( ) 15. The meeting room is big enough ____ one hundred people.
A. holding B. hold C. to hold D. holds
( ) 16. Would you please pass me the knife ____?
A. to cut the watermelon with B. to cut the watermelon
C. cutting the watermelon D. cutting the watermelon with
( ) 17. It is better to teach a man to fish than _______ him fish.
A. giving B. to give C. gives D. gave
( ) 18. Jenny is interested in ____ in her free time.
A. listened to the radio B. reading magazines C. watch TV D. plays tennis
( ) 19. The policeman warned the young man____ after drinking.
A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drive
( ) 20. What do you think is the best way ____the wild animals?
A. protecting B. to protect C. protected D. protect
( ) 21. I’d rather _______ on the land _______ in a factory.
A. work; than work B. work; work
C. to work; than to work D. to work; to work
( ) 22. My grandfather is used _______ a hat in winter.
A. to wear B. for wearing C. wearing D. to wearing
( ) 23. She is _________with her mother this afternoon.
A. going to shopping B. going shopping
C. going to be shopping D. go to shop
( ) 24 I’m sorry ____ you enough help.
A. have given B. of not giving C. not to have given D. to have given
( ) 25. Her brother was ____ (愤怒)at her words.
A. annoy B. annoying C. annoyed D. being annoying
( ) 26. After the earthquake, almost all the windows are ____.
A. break B. broke C. broken D. breaking
( ) 27. They are looking forward to ____ all over the world.
A. travel B. traveled C. traveling D. be traveled
( ) 28. Would you mind ____ because there’re so many children ____ here?
A. smoke; play B. smoking; playing C. not smoking; play D. not smoking; playing
( ) 29. Her hobby is ________ model planes.
A. collected B. collecting C. made D. make
( ) 30. The man pretended ________ when we saw him.
A.to be eaten B. eating C. being eating D. to be eating

四、作业
词汇
中文
英文
中文
英文
中文
英文
筹募，增加

病

愉快

准许

组织

平静

丧失能力的

表达

疼痛

青少年

痛苦

勇气

主动提出

孤独的

情绪

受苦

友情

付费

严重的

困难

社区

短语
中文
英文
中文
英文
需要帮助的

做某事有困难

义务性工作

使振奋；使鼓起勇气

报请批准

情绪高涨

帮助某人

身体状况良好/较差

伤残者

目的在于；为了

筹集善款

年龄从……岁到……岁

敬老院

无法做某事

因……受苦；受折磨

上学

用某物做某事

第一个

继续做某事

U1
一.首字母填空。
1.The old man is very poor, so the volunteers are trying to r________ money for him.
2.Young people should always o________ their seats to the elders on the bus.
3.Nothing s__________ happened to me. Don’t worry.
4.The old woman lives alone and she always feels i_________ .
5.The doctors haven’t found out what causes this i _________.
6.They jumped with j__________ when they heard the good news.
7.I fell off the tree and there was a p________ on my back.
8.Stop fighting! Let’s live in p______________.
9.I p_________ 30 yuan for the book.
10. I fell over this morning. Luckily, I didn’t h_________ myself.
二.完成句子。
1.我们应该尽力帮助那些需要帮助的人。
We should try our best to help those__________ _________.
2.如果你想使用这台电脑，请先报请批准。
If you want to use this computer, you should__________ _________ first.
3.汤姆的爸爸遭受癌症折磨已经一年了。
Tom’s father___________ _________ ________cancer for a year.
4.他很伤心。我们应该做点什么来让他振奋精神。
He is very sad. We should do something to__________ _________ ________
5.你应该每天早晨大声朗读英语以提高你的口语。
You should read English aloud every morning__________ _________ ________ improve your oral English.
三.单选。
1.—What’s your dream, Peter?
--I hope______ an engineer and design lots of building in the future.
A. become B. became C. to becoming D. to become
2.—What do you think of Lily?
--She is a friendly person. She always offers________ me when I’m in trouble.
A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped
3.The kid asked her mother________ him a story.
A. tell B. to tell C. telling D. to telling
4.I don’t know what_______ for her.
A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. to buying
5.The boss made them________ the whole night.
A. work B. to work C. working D. to working

课后巩固与练习：
1. 用作宾语 (v. + to do )
I want to buy a computer.
need to do learn to do agree to do
plan to do decide to do refuse to do
begin to do start to do try to do
forget to do remember to do like to do
Stop to do go on to do
2. 用作宾语补足语：(v. + sb. + to do )
She asked me to help her
want sb. to do wish sb. to do
get sb. to do order sb. to do
find sb. to be force sb. to do
作宾语补足语不带to 的情况：
常见动词有：
使役动词: let, make, have
感官动词: see, watch, hear, feel, listen to
比较：I heard her singing in the next room.
I heard her sing in the next room.
3. 用作目的状语
He came to show me his new CD player. (目的)
一、单选
( ) 1. The teacher told them ________ make so much noise.
A. don’t B. not C. will not D. not to
( ) 2. Mrs. Smith warned(警告) her daughter ________ after drinking.
A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drive
( ) 3. The doctor asked the patient ____rich food after the operation(手术).
A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating
( ) 4. The workers want us ________ together with them.
A. work B. working C. to work D. worked
( ) 5. I saw him _______ out of the room.
A. go B. went C. is going D. goes
( ) 6. --- The light in the office is still on. --- Oh, I forgot _______.
A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. turned it off
( ) 7. We agreed _________ here.
A. met B. meeting C. to meet D. meet
( ) 8. Frank is the kind of person who people like to ________.
A. make friend with B. make friends of C. make friends D. make friends with
( ) 9. Go on ________ the other exercise after you finish this one.
A. to do B. doing C. does D. did
( ) 10. She reached the top of the hill and stopped _______ on a big rock
A. rested B. resting C. to rest D. rest
( ) 11. He was too excited _________.
A. speak B. to speak C. not to speak D. speaking
( ) 12. I’m hungry. Get me something _________.
A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. for eating
( ) 13. She couldn’t decide which restaurant _______.
A. to have lunch B. to eat C. to eat at D. eating at
( ) 14. The chair looks very old, I want a new one _________ .
A. sit B. to sit on C. sat D. sit on
( ) 15. I’m afraid they would not allow（允许） him ________ here .
A. to smoke B. smoking C. smokes D. smoke
( ) 16. –Do you mind my _______ here?
-________. Look at the sign. It says, “No, smoking”.
A. to smoke, Of course not B. smoking, You’d better not
C. to smoke, No, I don’t D. smoking, Never mind
( ) 17. –Oh, I had a terrible toothache.
-You’d better _______ see s doctor and have your bad teeth _______ out.
A. go to, pulled B. to go to, pulled C. go to, pulling D. to go to, pulling
( ) 18. I prefer ________ at home to _______ outside.
A. to stay, playing B. to stay, play C. staying, play D. staying, playing
( ) 19. Doctor Wang often asks us ________ too much meat.
A. don’t eat B. not eat C. not to eat D. doesn’t eat
( ) 20. All my classmates are busy ________ ready for PE test.
A. get B. to get C. getting D. got
( ) 21. Let’s stop _______ a rest. We’ll begin again after 10 minutes.
A. have B. having C. to have D. has
( ) 22. It’s a nice day. What about ________ our dog after supper?
A. to walk B. walked C. walk D. walking
( ) 23. He likes _______ table tennis but he doesn’t like ________ today.
A. to play, to play B. playing, playing
C. playing, to play D. to play, playing
( ) 24. Peter is busy _______ at school, but he never forgets ________ exercise every day.
A. working, doing B. working, to do C. at work, doing
( ) 25. You can never imagine the great difficulty I had _______ her QQ number.
A. to get B. getting C. got D. not to get
( ) 26. –What about ________ hiking this Sunday?
-Great. I’d like ________ with you.
A. to go, going B. going, going C. going, to go
( ) 27. Many people think it’s important ________ us ________ learn English well.
A. for, to B. to, to C. with, for
( ) 28. –My dad bought me a new MP 4, but I don’t know_______.
-Let’s read the instructions.
A. what to use B. which one to use C. how to use it D. when to use it
( ) 29. Drivers are warned _________ when they are tired.
A. to drive B. not drive C. not to drive
( ) 30. Students should pay attention to _______ the teacher in class.
A. hear B. listen to C. listening to D. hearing of
( ) 31. Alice asked me _______ another bag for her.
A. get B got C. to get D. getting
( ) 32.My parents agree________ us to the cinema.
A. with B. to take C. on to take D. taking
( ) 19.Try_________ worried!
A. to not to be B. not to be C. not be D. to be not
( ) 33.“Don’t always make Michael_______ this or that. He is already a big boy, dear,” Mr Brush said to his wife.
A. do B. to do C. does D. did
( ) 34. The meeting room is big enough ____ one hundred people.
A. holding B. hold C. to hold D. holds
( ) 35. Would you pleas