初三译林版英语重点语法.doc

1. 时间状语从句
1. 连词：when, as, while, before, after, since,till, until, as soon as。
2. 主将从现，主情从现，主祈从先现
3. till或until “一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。
not…until “直到……才……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。
2. 条件状语从句
1. if，unless除非，如果不(=if…not)
2. 在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用一般现在时表示将来（即主将从现）。
3. 原因状语从句
1. because，since， as引导。
2. Because和so不能出现在一个句子里。
4. 结果状语从句
1. so…that, such…that, so that引导。
2. So+adj+that, such+n+that
5. 目的状语从句
1. so that, in order that引导。
6. 让步状语从句
1. 让步状语从句通常由although，though，even if , even though引导
Although和but不能出现在同一个句子里。
2. --- Li Lin, is it OK for you to go to your grandpa's house alone?
--- No problem. I   you as soon as I   there.

A.
call; get
B.
call; will get

C.
will call; get
D.
will call; will get
3. The ice cream is   delicious   I want to eat a second one.

A.
too; to
B.
such; that
C.
so; that
D.
very; that
4. The teacher speaks very loudly   all the students can hear her.

A.
so that
B.
because
C.
since
D.
In order to
6. Father won't allow me to play outside   I wash up the dishes.

A.
if not
B.
if
C.
unless
D.
because
5. Jerry   realize the importance of English   he found a job.

A.
won't; before
B.
didn't; until
C.
will; before
D.
did; until
2. You must hand in your paper as soon as you   it.

A.
will finish
B.
finishes
C.
finish
D.
finished

(一)原级的用法
1、as+形容词/副词原级+as（与…一样） =the same….as
2、not as/so +形容词/副词原级+as
= less+形容词/副词的原级+ than (A 不如B…)

（二）比较级的用法
1、than 两者（人/物）进行比较
比较级+than
2、or 句式：特殊疑问句，A or B？
如：Who is youner, Lucy or Lily?
3、修饰比较级的词：
a lot, much, far …得多 a little, a bit…一点儿 even 甚至 still 仍然
4、of the two 比较级前要加the
用the + 比较级+ of the two (the twins/parents) 两者中较……的一个。
Tina is the taller of the twins.
5、比较级+and+比较级 “越来越…”
better and better 越来越好 more and more beautiful
6、 the +比较级，the+ 比较级 “越…，越…”
如 The more, the better.越多越好。
7、any (范围外)/ any other(范围内)
①Shanghai is bigger than ________ city in China.上海比中国的任何一个城市都要大。
②Shanghai is bigger than ______ city in Japanese.上海比日本的任何一个城市都要大。
8、not …any more=no more不再(次数的不再重复)
not …any longer=no longer不再（时间的不再延长）

（三）最高级的用法
1. of /in 三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级
Tom is the tallest (boy) in his class. 汤姆是他班上最高的男生。
2. or which/who 引导的选择疑问句有三者相比，也可用最高级。
①Which is the biggest,the sun, the earth or the moon?太阳、地球、月亮，哪个最大？
3. one of the longest rivers 最长的河流之一
句式：one of +the + 形容词的最高级+名词复数，表示“……中最……之一”
4. the second longest river 第二长的河
句式： the + 序数词+ 形容词的最高级+名词，表示“第几……的”
1. China has a much   population than  .

A.
larger; Russia
B.
more; Russia

C.
larger; that of Russia
D.
more; that of Russia
2. --- Is English more important than Maths?
--- No, I don't think so. English is   Maths.

A.
much important than
B.
more important as

C.
as important as
D.
as more important as
3. --- I eat   vegetables and   meat than I did last year.
--- That's why you're getting fatter.

A.
fewer; more
B.
more; less
C.
least; more
D.
many; much
4. When autumn comes, the days get  .

A.
long and long
B.
longer and longer

C.
short and short
D.
shorter and shorter
5. Mr. Li asks us to remember that   careful we are,   mistakes we will make.

A.
the more; the fewer
B.
the fewer; the more

C.
the more; the more
D.
the less; the fewer
7. My sister is   than I.

A.
three kilos heavier
B.
three kilos heavy

C.
heavier three kilos
D.
heavy three kilos
6. Today he is   than yesterday.

A.
very better
B.
a little better

C.
well
D.
best
9. Of the two Australian students, Mary is   one. I think you can find her easily.

A.
tallest
B.
the taller
C.
taller
D.
the tallest

现在完成时态
（1）表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 
（2）表示从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
基本结构:have/has+过去分词(done)  
否定句： have/has+not+过去分词
（放在have和has的后面）
1、already意思是“已经”用于陈述句中
2、yet用于否定句,疑问句，译为“已经”
3、just “刚才”
4、never “从不”
5、ever用于疑问句译为“曾经”
6、since+过去的时间点；since+时间段+ago
7、for+一段时间
8、so far
(1) have gone to意为“到某地去”，说话时该人不在现场，
(2) have been to意为“曾经去过某地”，现在已不在那里了
(3) have been in表示“在某地呆了多少时间”
3. The book just came out last month, and we   it yet.

A.
read
B.
don't read
C.
have read
D.
haven't read
4. ---   are you staying there?
--- For seven days.

A.
How long
B.
How many
C.
How much
D.
How far
1．—— Have you ever _____ to a zoo?
—— Yes, but only once. I visited Beijing Zoo last year.
A. gone B. been C. visited D. seen
1. They have been friends   over ten years.

A.
since
B.
in
C.
for
D.
with
3. He has lived here   he was six years old.

A.
since
B.
for
C.
when
D.
from
2. --- How long have you   the bike?
--- For three years.

A.
borrowed
B.
lent
C.
bought
D.
had
32. --- Is Jack at home?
--- No, he   the bookshop. He   there a few minutes ago.

A.
has gone to; went
B.
has gone to; has been

C.
has been to; went
D.
has been to; has gone
41. --- Have you finished your work  , Jane?
--- Yes, I've done it  .

A.
already; yet
B.
yet; already

C.
yet; yet
D.
already; already