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Unit 11 How was your school trip?
◆词汇拓展
1. Ride v. 骑（自行车、马等）: rider 骑自行车或马的人；骑车者
2. farm v. 农场、耕作；务农： farmer n. 农场主；农民 farming n. 干农活；务农
3. visit v. 拜访；访问：visitor n. 来访者；参观者
4. village n. 乡村；村庄： villager n. 村民
5. love v. 喜欢；爱 ： lovely 活泼的；可爱的；有趣的
6. slow adj. 慢的；缓慢的： slowly adv. 慢慢地
7. sun n. 太阳： sunny adj. 晴朗的；天晴的
8. real adj. 真的；真实的： really adv. 真正地
9. science n. 科学： scientist n. 科学家
10. interest v. 使感兴趣 n. 趣味； 爱好
Interesting adj 令人感兴趣的； 有趣味的；
Interested adj. 感兴趣的； 有趣的
◆短语归纳
1. go for a walk 去散步 2. milk a cow 挤牛奶
3. ride a horse 骑马 4. feed chickens 喂小鸡
5. talk with 与……谈话 6. take photos 拍照
7. quite a lot 相当多 8. show… around 带领……参观
9. learn about 了解 10. from… to… 从……到……
11. grow strawberries 种植草莓 12. pick strawberries 采草莓
13. in the countryside 在乡下 14. go fishing 去钓鱼
15. at night 在夜晚 16. a lot of 许多；大量
17. come out 出来 18. go on a school trip 去学校郊游
19. along the way 沿线 20. after that 之后
21. buy sth. for sb. 为某人买某物 22. all in all 总的来说
23. take a / the train 乘火车 24. be interested in 对……感兴趣
25. not… at all 根本不…… 26. sound good 听起来很好
27. play games 玩游戏 28. go on a school trip 去学校旅行
29. a lot of fun 许多乐趣 30. fire station 消防站
31. quite a lot 许多 32. learn... from... 向......学习......
33. ask sb sth 询问某人某事 34. grow apples 种苹果
35. pick strawberries 摘草莓 36. take sth home带......回家
37. watch the stars 看星星 38. so much 如此多
39. play chess with sb 和某人下棋 40. make a model robot做机器人模型
41. gift shop 礼品店 42. have a nice weekend 有个愉快的周末
◆用法集萃
1. How + be…? + like? ……怎么样？
2. too many + 可数名词复数 太多的……
3. teach sb. how to do sth. 教某人怎样做某事
4. quite + a / an + 形容词+可数名词单数 = a + very + 形容+可数名词单数 一个相当 / 很……的......
◆典句必背
1. —How was your school trip? 你的学校郊游怎么样？
—It was great! 好极了！
2. —Did you go to the zoo? 你去动物园了吗？
—No, I didn’t. I went to a farm. 不，没有。我去农场了。
3. —Did you see any cows? 你看见一些牛奶了吗？
—Yes, I did. I saw quite a lot. 是的，我看见了，我看见相当多（的牛奶）
4. —Were the strawberries good? 这些草莓是好的吗？
— Yes, they were. 是的，它们是。 / No, they weren’t. 不，它们不是。
5. Everything was about robots and I’m not interested in that. 一切都是关于机器人的，我对那方面不感兴趣。
◆话题写作
主题：介绍过去的活动
I had a busy weekend. On Saturday morning, I did my homework, and then I played computer games. In the afternoon, I visited my grandmother. We talked for a long time.
On Sunday morning, I cleaned my room and did some reading. Then I cooked for m parents. In the afternoon, I watched a football match on TV and listened to music. I had a good time.
◆ 语法知识
1.一般过去时态
用法：表示在过去某个时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。
常用的时间状语，即标志词：yesterday, last night, last week, last year, last Monday, two days/years ago , just now, in 1999, at the age of 5, one day ….
结构：
肯定句式： 主语 + 动词的过去式 + （宾语）
主语+ was/ were + 表语（名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动名词、不定式、从句来充当）
否定句式：主语+ did not + 动词原形+（宾语）
主语+ was/were not+ 表语
一般疑问句：did +主语+ 动词原词+（宾语）？
Was/were + 主语+ 表语？
特殊疑问句：疑问词+ did +主语+ 动词原词+（宾语）？
疑问词+was/were + 主语+ 表语？
规则动词的过去式变化如下：
1）一般情况下，动词词尾加 -ed ，如： work ---worked play---played wanted----wanted act----acted
2）以不发音的 -e 结尾动词，动词词尾加 -d，如： live---lived move----moved taste---tasted hope---hoped
3）以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词，把-y变为-i 再加-ed，
如： study---studied copy---copied cry---cried carry---carried
4）以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加 -ed，如： stop ---stopped
规则动词的构成方法口诀
过去式结构有规律，一般词尾加ed
如果词尾有个e，只要直接加上d
“辅音字母+ y”时，先要把y变为i，然后再加ed
“一辅重闭”作尾巴，双写之后ed加。
不规则动词的变化
ABB型不规则动词
原形特征
过去式
过去分词
例词
-eep
-ept
-ept
keep, sweep, sleep
-ell
-old
-old
sell, tell
-end
-ent
-ent
lend, spend, send
-ay
-aid
-aid
say, pay
-n
-nt
-nt
burn, learn, mean
--
-ought
-ought
bring, buy, fight, think
--
-aught
-aught
catch, teach
ABC型不规则动词
原形特征
过去式
过去分词
例词
-eak
-oke
-oken
break, speak
-eal
-ole
-olen
steal
-ear
-ore
-orn
wear, bear, tear
-ow
-ew
-own
grow, blow, know, throw
-i
-a-
-u
ring, sing, begin, sink, swim, drink,
-i
-o-
-n
drive, rise
AAA型不规则动词
击中 hit; 受伤 hit;让 let; 吐痰 spit；去掉rid; 花费 cost; 读read; 放put; 切 cut
2. How was your school strip? (p61)
How+be+主语？= what be +主语+ like? 意为“......怎么样？”
答语： it was great. / it was OK./ it was /wasn’t good...
How do you like...? - what do you think of...?
答语：
（1）I like it. （2）I don't mind it.（3）I don't like it. （4）I can't stand it.
（5）I like it very much.（6）I love it. （7）It's beautiful. （8）They're fantastic
3. milked a cow (P. 61)
milk此处用作及物动词，表示“给……挤奶”。
milk n. 牛奶；乳液; 母乳，不可数名词
4. fed chicken (p61)
Feed此处作及物动词，表示“喂养、饲养”，后接表示动物的名词作宾语。
I feed my dog every day. My father’s job is to feed animals.
【拓展】feed的常见用法
Feed on “以......为生、以......为食”
Sheep feed on grasses.
Feed sth to sb/sth “把某物喂给某人或某物”
Please feed some grass to the cow.
Feed... on /with ...“用......喂......”
She feeds the dog with /on meat.
5. Did you grow any apples? (P62)
Grow 此处作及物动词，“种植、栽培”，后接名词或代词作宾语。
We grow flowers and vegetables on our garden.
“成长”grow up 长大
6. The farmer showed Carol around the farm. (p62)
Show sb around “带领某人参观”。
Uncle Wang showed us around his farm.
Show sb sth 给某人看某物
Please show me your book.
Show in 把某人领进；show off 炫耀； show out 送出（客人）；show hand 摊牌；show up 露面、出现；
7. Carol learned a lot about farming. (p62)
Learn... about... “学习/知道/了解......”
I’d like to learn something about Mr. Green. 我想了解格林先生的情况。
【拓展】learn about“了解、熟悉”相当于 know about.
How did you learn/know about the meeting?
8. Carol picked some strawberries and took them home. (p62)
Pick 此处用作及物动词，表示“采、摘”
Don’t pick flowers in the park.
不及物动词“挑选” pick out 挑出； pick up 载客
9. It was so much fun (p62)
1) so much “如此多、这么多”用来修饰不可数名词或动词。
There are so much noise in the classroom.
1) Fun为不可数名词，意为“乐趣、开心”，前面用great,much 等修饰，用来加强语气。
He’s great fun and his dog is fun,too. Skating is great fun.
10. Sounds good. (p62)
Sound系动词“听起来”，后面跟形容词作表语，类似形容词“一是一觉一保持，起来四个，变了四个”
一是：be (is, am,are); 一觉：feel; 一保持：keep; 四个“起来”：taste,smell, look, sound; 四个“变了”：become, get, turn, grow.
11. 问天气的表达
How is the weather there? = what’s the weather like there?
12. ...we worried it would rain. (p63)
1) worry about sb/sth “为某人/某物而担心”You don’t need to worry about the coming exam.
2) be worried about sth “担心某人/某物” The parents are worried about their sick son.
13. we ate lunch under some trees. (p63)
Under “在...下面” 反义词 over 垂直的下面 above 和 below 是反义词 并非垂直的下面
On “在....上面” 与物体表面接触
14. luckily, it didn’t, and the sun came out again. (p63)
luckily用作副词，表示“幸运地、好运地”，通常放在拒收，用来修饰整个句子。
Luckily, we got there on time.
Lucky you! 你真幸运 用作形容词， 相当于 you are lucky!
15. exciting (p65)
Excited “感到兴奋的、激动的”，表示人的心理感受，作表语时，主语一般是人
Exciting“令人兴奋的”，表示某物给人的感受，作表语时，其主语一般是物
类似的词还有 moved（受感动的）, moving（动人的）；pleased(with)（感到高兴的）, pleasing（使人愉快的）；surprised（感到惊奇的）, surprising（惊人的）；tired (of)（疲倦的），tiring（令人疲惫的）;bored （无聊的）, boring （令人厌烦的、乏味的）
16. Today I went on a school trip. (p65)
Go on a trip “去旅行”相当于have a trip，go on a trip to sp “到......去旅行”。
Do you want to go on a trip with me?
17. Then the guide taught us how to make a model robot. (p65)
Teach sb sth “教某人某物” The man teaches us Math.
Teach sb to do sth “教某人做某事”Can you teach me to open the box?
How to make a model robot “特殊疑问词+不定式” 此结构在剧中可以做主语、宾语、表语等。
I don’t know how to spell the word.
The main problem is how to finish the work on time.
18. After that, I went to the gift shop and bought some lovely gifts for my presents. (p65)
Buy 表示“买”时，做双宾语动词，buy sb sth “给某人买某物” 相当于 buy sth for sb.
Remember to buy me some ice cream= remember to buy some ice cream for me.
Buy off 贿赂、买通；buy out 买尽； buy up 全部买进
19. All in all, it was an exciting day. (p65)
All in all“总的来说，总之”常放在拒收，用来对所述内容进行概括和总结。
All in all, it is a great success.
20. Everything was about robots and I’m not interested in that.. (p65)
Be interested in “对......感兴趣”
I’m interested in the film.
21. There were also too many people and I couldn’t really see or hear the guide.
too much
+不可数名词
太多
too many
+可数名词
太多
much too
+形容词
太，非常
1) too many意为“太多”，用于修饰可数名词的复数。
There are too many rules in our school. 我们班上有太多的学生。
2) too much意为“太多”; 用于修饰不可数名词。如:
We have too much work to do. 我们有太多的工作要做。
3).much too表示"太”，用来修饰形容词或副词。如:
The box is much too heavy,so I can't carry it. 箱子太重了，所以我搬下动它。
Too much 和 much too 用法口诀
Too much, much too, 去掉前词看后头
Much可接不可数，有时也可用作副
Too则修饰形或副，以上规则请记住
4) hear表示“听到、听说”强调听的结果，listen表示“听”强调听的动作，类似的还有look“看”，see“看到”；look for “寻找”，find“找到”。
Hear sb doing sth “听到某人正在做某事” Can you hear the girl singing in the next room?
Hear sb do sth “听说某人做某事的全过程”
Parents heard the teacher scolded their son for half an hour.
22. I didn’t like the trip at all. (p65)
Not... at all“根本不、完全不、一点也不”
I don’t like eating meat at all.
23. It was so hot on the slow train. (p65)
Hot 热的 反义词 cold 形容天气，主语用it 或the weather
主语是人时，“火辣的，性感的”， That girl looks hot.
24. think "想，考虑，思索"（v. 动词）可以和许多介词搭配，组成新的意思。
A：think of "考虑"；"有...的看法"，有时等于think about.
What does he think of Beijing Opera?他对京剧有什么看法？
My mother always thinks of everything!我妈妈总是想到所有的东西。
B：think about "考虑"（指计划，观念，看它是否相宜、可行）
He is thinking about going to China.他正在考虑去中国。
C: think out 想出、想通、想透； 仔细考虑，相当于think over
25. I took a lot of great photos, too.
take (a) photo (s) 照相、拍照
too与either的区别
too"也"，用于肯定句，用逗号与前面的句子隔开；either"也不"，表示否定意义，用于否定句。
（1）—My brother likes to play soccer.我哥哥喜欢踢足球。—I do, too.我也是（喜欢）。
（2）—My brother doesn't like to play soccer.我哥哥不喜欢踢足球。—I don't, either.
我也不喜欢。
also也表示"也"，但一般情况下，too和either放在句子之后，also放在be之后行为动词之前。We also love talk shows.我们也喜欢访谈节目。
26.It was difficult to take photos. (p65)
It's+形容词+to do sth.做某事是....
例句：It’s easy to take photos.拍照很容易。
27. quite a lot 相当多，好多
quite 修饰形容词和副词等。She is quite right. 她完全正确。
quite 修饰名词，当名词前没有形容词时，quite 要放在冠词之前
quite a lot许多；quite a time/while (很长一段时间）; quite a few （相当多），quite a little (箱单多，大量的)
当名词前有形容词时，quite放在冠词前，也可放在冠词后。He is quite a clever boy
quite 与not 连用，构成not quite 表示部分否定，“没有完全......” she is not quite well.她没有完全康复。
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