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人教版高考英语考点总结.docx

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人教版高考英语考点总结 1 单选题(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品) 1、The flowers ________sweet in the garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A.to smellB.smellingC.smeltD.to be smelt 答案:B 解析: 考查非谓语动词。句意:花园里那些闻起来很香的花吸引游客欣赏大自然的美。句子谓语动词为attract,故设空处为非谓语动词,作后置定语修饰主语The flowers;动词smell与逻辑主语The flowers之间为主谓关系,故用现在分词形式smelling。故选B项。 2、The satisfying “crack” which you get when you are eating crabs and lobsters could be silenced Shellfish have been struggling to build their calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) shells which is a result of ocean acidification. A.beforeB.thoughC.asD.while 答案:C 解析: 考查连词。句意:你在吃螃蟹或龙虾时可能不会再听到令人满足的噼啪声,因为甲壳类水生动物由于海洋酸化将难以长出坚硬的碳酸钙壳。A. before在……之前;B. though虽然;C. as因为;D. while在……时候。根据句意,前后两句构成因果关系,故用as引导原因状语从句。故选C项。 3、I’m trying to persuade my dad ________ some shares. A.to buyingB.to buyC.buyingD.in buying 答案:B 解析: 考查动词不定式。句意:我想说服我爸爸买一些股票。persuade sb. to do sth. (说服某人做某事),buy (买)用动词不定式。故选B项。 4、He was told he had no talent and would never ______ as a professional dancer. A.make outB.make upC.make forD.make it 答案:D 解析: 考查动词短语辨析。句意:他被告知他没有天赋,永远不会成为一名职业舞蹈演员。A.make out辨认出;B.make up组成;C.make for有助于;D.make it达到预定目标。由“as a professional dancer”可知,成为一名职业舞蹈演员是他的目标,因此空格处是“达到预定目标”。故选D。 5、Adults, ________overly concerned with fame and fortune, sometimes fail to see the joy in simple things ________ children do not. A.unless … butB.although … and C.when … whereD.even if … unless 答案:C 解析: 考查状语从句和定语从句。句意:当成年人过度关注名利时,有时看不到简单事物中的快乐,而孩子们则不会如此。A. unless … but 除非…… 但是;B. although … and 尽管……和;C. when … where 时候…… 哪里;D. even if … unless甚至……除非。分析句子结构及结合句意可知,该句主句是 Adults, sometimes fail to see the joy in simple things,其中间是一个时间状语从句,后面是一个定语从句;其中,时间状语从句省略句表示“当成年人过度关注名利时”,应该用连接副词when引导;定语从句(simple things ________ children do not fail to see the joy)中先行词是simple things,在从句中做地点状语,应该用关系副词where引导。故选C项。 6、Zhao Lan ______ already ______ in this school for two years. A.was; studyingB.will; studyC.has; studiedD.are; studying 答案:C 解析: 考查时态。句意:赵兰已经在这所学校学习2年了。根据句子结构和意思可知,句子有时间状语for two years和副词already,所以谓语要用现在完成时,主语是Zhao Lan,所以谓语要用第三人称单数形式。故选C。 7、Mr. Peterkin went over the names one by one mechanically thinking he would do it, as he might count ________sheepjumping over a fence, to put himself to sleep. A.imaginaryB.imaginativeC.imaginableD.imagining 答案:A 解析: 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:彼得金先生机械地把这些名字一个个念了一遍,心想自己会念的,就像他在数一数想象出来的跳过篱笆的绵羊一样,好让自己睡着。A. imaginary想象的;B. imaginative富于想象力的;C. imaginable可想像的;D. imagining动词“imagine(想象)”的现在分词。根据“to put himself to sleep.”可知,彼得金先生是在数想象的绵羊。故选A。 8、________is very important in our everyday life. A.GreetB.GreetingC.GreetingsD.Greets 答案:B 解析: 考查名词。句意:问候在我们的日常生活中是非常重要的。此处作主语,表示“问候”应用名词greeting,根据后文is可知用单数。故选B。 9、Due to threats such as illegal hunting,there are many species _____would be extinct if they weren’t kept in zoos. A.whichB.itsC.whatD.whose 答案:A 解析: 考查定语从句。句意:由于非法狩猎等威胁,有很多物种,如果不把它们关在动物园,就会灭绝。根据句子结构可知,many species为先行词,后接限定性定语从句,先行词为物,在从句中作主语,根据所提供的选择项,可用关系代词which。故选A项。 10、It is believed that a new kind of drug ________ by the scientists and they are hopeful that they will succeed in a couple of months. A.has been developedB.is being developed C.is developingD.has developed 答案:B 解析: 考查时态和语态。句意:据信,科学家们正在研制一种新药,他们有希望在几个月内取得成功。主语drug和动词develop是动宾关系,所以要用被动语态,排除C、D选项;根据they will succeed in a few months,可知还没有开发出来,故不能用现在完成时态,排除A。此处表示正在被开发,为现在进行时的被动语态。故选B。 11、Jeans come in many colors ________ blue and in many styles and prices. A.better thanB.rather thanC.other thanD.more than 答案:C 解析: 考查固定短语辨析。句意:除了蓝色,牛仔裤有很多颜色,也有很多款式和价格。better than比……更好;rather than而不是;other than除了;more than不只是;超过。由空前的colors和空后的blue可知,除了蓝色还有许多颜色,故选C。 12、I don’t like the way ________ you speak to her. A.whichB./C.of whichD.by which 答案:B 解析: 考查定语从句。句意:我不喜欢你对她说话的方式。空格处是限定性定语从句,先行词是 the way,在定语从句中缺少状语,在这种情况下,可选择that/in which/省略。故选B。 13、The hostess ___________from room to room, not sure of what she was looking for. A.wanderedB.strodeC.limpedD.crawled 答案:A 解析: 考查动词词义辨析。句意:女主人从一个房间走到另一个房间,不知道自己在找什么。A. wandered漫游,徘徊,闲逛;B. strode大步走;C. limped一瘸一拐地走,蹒跚;D. crawled爬行。根据后文“from room to room, not sure of what she was looking for”可知,女主人是在“漫无目的地闲逛”。故选A项。 14、The Everglades is the only place on Earth ______ fresh water alligators and saltwater crocodiles live in the same area. A.thatB.whichC.whereD.whose 答案:C 解析: 考查定语从句。句意:大沼泽地是地球上唯一一个,淡水鳄和咸水鳄生活在同一地区的地方。分析可知,空白处及之后的内容为定语从句,先行词为place,在从句中作地点状语,所以要用关系副词where,故选C。 15、We never doubt ______ teachers are the most important people in our life. A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.which 答案:C 解析: 考查宾语从句。句意:我们从不怀疑老师是我们生活中最重要的人。分析句子可知,句子为宾语从句,空格处单词引导从句,从句中不缺成分且意义完整,故应用“that”引导从句。故选C项。 16、The ability to keep calm is one of her many ________. Owing to that, she was promoted to deal with the emergency. A.basesB.challengesC.benefitsD.strengths 答案:D 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意:保持冷静的能力是她的许多优点之一。因此,她被提拔去处理紧急情况。A. bases基础,基地;B. challenges挑战;C. benefits好处;D. strengths优点。结合句意可知,此处指保持冷静是她众多优点之一,strength符合题意。故选D。 17、Send it to _________ is in charge of sales. A.whoB.whomC.whoeverD.whomever 答案:C 解析: 考查宾语从句。句意:把它寄给负责销售的人。A. who谁;B. whom谁,宾格形式;C. whoever……的那个人(那些人),无论谁;D. whomever无论谁。分析句子可知,空处引导宾语从句,作介词to的宾语,引导词在从句中作主语,whom和whomever不能作主语,故排除B、D项,此处表示“……的那个人”,应用whoever。故选C项。 18、The five-year-old girl who sits in the front row, ready to learn _________meager scraps (微薄的碎片) of knowledge we can throw her way. A.whichB.thatC.whateverD.where 答案:C 解析: 考查形容词。句意:坐在第一排的5岁小女孩,准备学习我们能教给她的任何一点点知识。分析句子结构可知,名词meager scraps of knowledge 作动词learn的宾语,we can throw her way.为定语从句,修饰名词meager scraps of knowledge,所以句中不缺少成分。而名词meager scraps 前可用形容词修饰。whatever用作形容词,在其后跟一个被修饰的名词。故选C。 19、They lay in the cliff top grass with the sea stretching out far below. 此句为_________. A.简单句B.并列句C.复合句D.倒装句 答案:A 解析: 考查句子结构。句意:他们躺在悬崖顶上的草地上,大海在下面延伸得很远。分析句子可知,They是主语,lay是谓语动词,in the cliff top grass是介词短语,在句中作状语,with the sea stretching out far below是with的复合结构,作伴随状语,所以本句是简单句。故选A项。 20、We went through a period ________ communications were difficult in the rural areas. A.whichB.whoseC.in whichD.with which 答案:C 解析: 考查定语从句。句意:我们经历了农村地区通讯困难的时期。分析句子结合句意可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是a period “一段时期”,表示时间,从句缺少时间状语,可用关系副词when,或者加上合适的介词,和先行词在从句中充当时间状语,根据搭配in a period,可知用介词in+关系代词,来引导从句,先行词是物,所以用in which引导,结合选项,故选C。 21、It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal ________would also be most likely to continue volunteer work. A.routineB.reflectionC.consumptionD.identity 答案:D 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意:通常认为那些志愿者工作是个人身份很重要一部分的人们最有可能会继续进行他们的志愿者工作A. routine例程,惯例;B. reflection反射;C. consumption消费;D. identity身份。结合句意和“part of their personal”可知,此处是指把志愿者角色看作个人身份的一部分,identity符合题意。故选D。 22、________her mother________she ran to her. A.Hardly had the girl seen; whenB.Hardly the girl had seen; when C.The girl had hardly seen; thanD.The girl had hardly seen; as 答案:A 解析: 考查固定句型和倒装。句意:这女孩一看见她母亲就向她跑去。 hardly…when刚一……就……该句型是固定句型,hardly位于句首,主句用部分倒装,故选A。 23、The city was attacked by ________ terrible weather ________ few citizens had ever experienced before. A.so, asB.so, thatC.such, thatD.such, as 答案:D 解析: 考查固定结构和定语从句。句意:这座城市遭受了前所未有的恶劣天气袭击。第一空是“such+形容词+不可数名词”结构,先行词terrible weather前用such修饰,所以第二空用as引导定语从句并在从句中作experience的宾语,故选D。 24、Since your car ________ in the factory now, you can use mine. A.is repairedB.was repairedC.has repairedD.is being repaired 答案:D 解析: 考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意:因为你的车正在工厂修理,你可以用我的。由时间状语now可知,空处谓语动词需用现在进行时态,表示当前正在进行的动作;因为汽车被修理,所以空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态的被动语态:be being done,主语的单数car,所以be动词需用is。故选D。 25、feather A.aheadB.breakC.areaD.neat 答案:A 解析: 考查语音辨析。feather[ˈfeðə(r)]羽毛;A. ahead [əˈhed]在前面;B. break [breɪk]打破;C. area[ˈeəriə]区域;D. neat [ni:t] 整齐的。比较可知,A选项与feather画线部分读音一致。故选A项。 根据首字母填写单词(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品) 26、To help the homeless victim, the government will provide a s______ to three thousand people. (根据首字母单词拼写) 答案:shelter##helter 解析: 考查名词。句意:为了帮助无家可归的受害者,政府将为三千人提供住所。根据单词首字母以及句意“住所”可知,应填名词shelter,作宾语,由不定冠词可知,应用单数形式。故填shelter。 27、Are theatres on the way out with its powerful e________ rival(劲敌): TV and film productions? (n. Things such as screen and stage shows intended to interest the audience.) (根据首字母单词拼写) 答案:entertainment##ntertainment 解析: 考查名词。句意:电影院是否正在与它强大的娱乐竞争对手——电视和电影制作——一起走向灭亡?根据括号中的单词释义“n. Things such as screen and stage shows intended to interest the audience.(名词,例如屏幕和舞台表演,意在引起观众的兴趣。)”和首字母可知,此处表示“娱乐”,应用名词entertainment,entertainment如果指笼统或抽象的“娱乐”时,为不可数名词,由句意可知,此处指的是笼统的“娱乐”,所以entertainment为不可数名词,做定语,故填entertainment。 28、She continued to p________ her dream of becoming an actress. (根据首字母单词拼写) 答案:pursue##ursue 解析: 考查动词。句意:她继续追求当演员的梦想。continue to do sth.继续做某事,不定式to后接动词原形。结合首字母提示及句意,故填pursue。 29、After a while, she a________ for the rude way she behaved at the beginning. (根据首字母单词拼写) 答案:apologized##pologized##apologised##pologised 解析: 考查动词。句意:过了一会儿,她为自己开始时的粗鲁行为道歉。结合句意及首字母提示可知,动词apologize/apologise“道歉”符合题意,根据behaved可知句子是一般过去时,应用过去式。故填apologized/apologised。 30、Are you p________ about Chinese culture?(根据首字母单词拼写) 答案:passionate##assionate 解析: 考查形容词。句意:你热爱中国文化吗?根据首字母提示,结合句意和结合,be passionate about对……有激情/热爱,passionate为形容词,作系表结构,固定搭配。故填passionate。 31、C________ to popular belief, a desert can be very cold. (根据首字母单词拼写) 答案:Contrary##ontrary 解析: 考查形容词。句意:与普遍的看法相反,沙漠可能非常寒冷。根据句意及句子结构可知,此处考查短语contrary to,表示“与……相反”,位于句首,开头字母需大写,故填Contrary。 32、If you find it difficult to read the original edition of this English novel, you can read its s________ one. (根据首字母单词拼写) 答案:simple##imple 解析: 考查形容词。句意:如果你觉得读这本英文小说的原版有困难,你可以读它的简单版。空处应填形容词作定语,修饰代词one,结合句意及首字母提示可知,simple简单的。故填simple。 33、The team made an a________to rescue the last 3 earthquake victims, but unfortunately they failed. (根据首字母单词拼写) 答案:attempt##ttempt 解析: 考查名词。句意:这个小组试图营救最后3名地震受害者,但不幸的是他们失败了。结合句意和首字母提示可知,名词attempt“努力,尝试”符合题意,冠词an提示用其单数形式。故填attempt。 34、With hundreds of flowers bursting into bloom, spring has the most beautiful s_______ in a year. (根据首字母单词拼写) 答案:scenery##cenery 解析: 考查名词。句意:百花盛开,春天是一年中最美的景色。根据单词首字母和句意“景色”以及前文has the most beautiful可知,此处应用名词scenery (不可数)作宾语。故填scenery。 35、Foreign Ministry spokesman Geng Shuang on Tuesday said that some US politicians’ connection of the novel corona-virus with China is stigmatization(污名化), which China strongly condemns(谴责)and firmly o________.(根据首字母单词拼写) 答案:opposes##pposes 解析: 考查动词。句意:周二,外交部发言人耿爽表示,一些美国政界人士将新型冠状病毒与中国联系在一起是一种污名,中国对此予以强烈谴责,并坚决反对。分析句子及空前副词firmly可知,设空处应用动词。根据句意及首字母提示,oppose为动词,意为“反对”。结合从句主语China以及and连接并列的动词condemns,时态为一般现在时,且为第三人称单数。故填opposes。 36、After o_________ some difficulties during his final few years in the US Qian returned to China in 1955. (根据首字母单词拼写) 答案:overcoming##vercoming 解析: 考查非谓语动词。句意:在美国的最后几年里,钱学森克服了一些困难,于1955年回到中国。介词after后接动名词形式。根据首字母提示及句意,故填overcoming。 37、I left home i ______ the clock struck twelve. (根据首字母单词拼写) 答案:immediately##mmediately##instantly##nstantly 解析: 考查连词。句意:时钟一敲响十二点,我就离开了家。根据单词首字母以及句意“一.....就”可知应填连词immediately或instantly。引导时间状语从句。故填immediately/instantly。 38、It never d________ on him that he could realize his dream in such a way. (根据首字母单词拼写) 答案:dawned##awned 解析: 考查动词。句意:他从来没有意识到他可以用这种方式实现自己的梦想。根据首字母和汉语提示,可知为dawn;固定句式It dawned on sb that...某人恍然大悟,其中it为形式主语,that引导的句子为真正的主语。根据从句could,可知句子的时态为一般过去时,故设空处应为动词的过去式。故填dawned。 39、The patient was recovering well, which the doctor was c___________ with. (根据首字母单词拼写) 答案:content##ontent 解析: 考查形容词。句意:病人恢复得很好,医生对此很满意。根据前半句的句意“病人恢复得很好”可知,医生对此是很满意的,结合首字母提示可知,形容词content符合句意,短语be content with表示“对……满足”。故填content。 40、His account of what happened last night c_________ with others’. (根据首字母单词拼写) 答案:corresponds##orresponds##corresponded##orresponded 解析: 考查动词。句意:他对昨晚发生的事情的叙述和别人的一致。根据单词首字母以及句意“一致”可知应填动词correspond,作谓语,结合语境可用一般现在时,主语为His account of what happened last night,谓语用第三人称形式;也可用一般过去时。故填corresponds/corresponded。 41、You also have to wonder at the u_______ madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down. (根据首字母单词拼写) 答案:unique##nique 解析: 考查形容词。句意:你也会对一种语言独有的疯狂感到惊奇,在这种语言里,房子烧成灰烬时可以说burn up也可以说burn down。空处应填形容词修饰后文名词madness;结合句意和首字母提示,形容词unique“独特的”符合题意。故填unique。 小提示: 42、To q________ as a doctor, you have to study a long time and pass exams. (根据首字母单词拼写) 答案:qualify##ualify 解析: 考查非谓语动词。句意:要想成为一名合格的医生,你必须长期学习并通过考试。动词qualify意为“具有资格”,短语qualify as 意为“(使……)有资格作……,(成为合格的……)”,空前有动词不定式符号to,因此该空应该填动词原形qualify。故填qualify。 43、Presenting your ideas i________ understanding them, organizing your thoughts, and interpreting them before delivering them in front of the audience. (v. to include a thing that is part of it or a result of some activity or situation) (根据首字母单词拼写) 答案:involves##nvolves 解析: 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:表达你的想法包括理解它们,组织你的想法,并在向观众表达之前解释它们。根据句意“包括”和首字母提示“i”以及英文解释“v. to include a thing that is part of it or a result of some activity or situation(包含某事物的一部分或某活动或情况的结果)”可知,此处应填动词involve,陈述客观事实,使用一般现在时,主语为动名词作主语,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填involves。 44、All c________ will be required to take a short test and an interview. (根据首字母单词拼写) 答案:candidates##andidates 解析: 考查名词。句意:所有候选人将被要求参加一个简短的测试和面试。根据句意及首字母提示。可知为candidate,设空处在句中作主语,根据空前的all,可知设空处应用名词复数的形式。故填candidates。 45、D________ the fact that it was raining, she still went out hurriedly. (根据首字母单词拼写) 答案:Despite##espite 解析: 考查介词。句意:尽管下着雨,她还是匆匆出去了。结合句意及首字母提示可知,介词despite“尽管”符合题意,首字母应大写。故填Despite。 书信写作(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品) 46、假定你是李华,为了丰富学生的校园文化生活,你校计划下周五举办中国古诗词朗诵大赛。请你给你班交换生Tom写一封邀请函。内容包括: (1) 大赛内容和安排;(2) 大赛目的和意义;(3)表达期待。 注意: (1)写作词数应为80左右; (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 答案:Dear Tom, How are you recently? To enrich students’ campus cultural life, our school will hold a Chinese ancient Poetry Recitation contest next Friday. Since I know you are a fan of Chinese poetry, I sincerely invite you to it. The contest includes two main parts, in which some videos and pictures on Chinese ancient poetry will be displayed for a better knowledge of Chinese poetry culture. Besides, participants will be required to recite their favourite poems to share with the audience. The activity will not only help students get access to more knowledge but also cultivate their abilities of Chinese poetry appreciation. I am looking forward to your arrival. Yours, Li Hua 解析: 【导语】 本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给交换生Tom写一封邀请函,邀请对方参加下周五学校举办的中国古诗词朗诵大赛,告知对方大赛内容和安排,说明目的和意义,并表达期待。 (1)词汇积累 举办:hold→host 真诚地:sincerely→genuinely 要求:require→request 能力:ability→capacity (2)句式拓展 陈述句变倒装句 原句:The activity will not only help students get access to more knowledge but also cultivate their abilities of Chinese poetry appreciation. 拓展句:Not only will the activity help students get access to more knowledge but also it will cultivate their abilities of Chinese poetry appreciation. 小提示: [高分句型1]Since I know you are a fan of Chinese poetry, I sincerely invite you to it.(运用了Since引导的状语从句) [高分句型2]The contest includes two
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