人教版八年级英语下册知识点汇总.docx

人教版八年级英语下册知识点汇总
Unit 1 What’s the matter?
一、重点短语
1. have a fever 发烧 2. have a cough 咳嗽 3. have a toothache 牙疼 4. talk too much 说得太多5. drink enough water 喝足够的水 6. have a cold 受凉 ; 感冒 7. have a stomachache 胃疼 8. have a sore back 背疼 9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛 10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息 11. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 12. see a dentist 看牙医 13. get an X-ray 拍 X 光片14. take one’ s temperature 量体温
15. put some medicine on sth. 在 …… 上面敷药
16. feel very hot 感到很热 17. sound like 听起来像 18. all weekend 整个周末
19. in the same way 以同样的方式 20. go to a doctor 看医生 21. go along 沿着 …… 走
22. on the side of the road 在马路边 23. shout for help 大声呼救
24. without thinking twice 没有多想 25. get off 下车
26. have a heart problem 有心脏病 27. to one’s surprise 使 ....... 惊讶的 28. thanks to 多亏了 ;由于 29. in time 及时30. save a life 挽救生命
31. get into trouble 造成麻烦 32. right away 立刻;马上 33. because of 由于
34. get out of 离开 ; 从 …… 出来 35. hurt oneself 受伤
36. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎 37. fa ll down 摔倒 38. feel sick 感到恶心
39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血 40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖
41. put her head back 把她的头向后仰 42. have problems breathing 呼吸困难 43. mountain climbing 登山运动 44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事 45. run out (of) 用完 ; 用尽 46. so that 以便 47. so. . . that 如此 … … 以致于 … 48. be in control of 掌管 ; 管理49. in a difficult situation 在困境屮
keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事 51. make a decision 做出决定 52. take risks 冒险 53. give up 放弃
二、重点句型
1. What’s the matter?
What’s the matter with you? = What’s the trouble with you? = What’ s wrong with you? 你怎么了?
2. What should she do? 她该怎么办呢?
Should I take my temperature? 我应该量一下体温吗?
主语 + should/shouldn’t + 动词原形 . .. ① You should lie down and rest. 你应该躺下休息一会儿。 ② You shouldn’t go out at night. 你晚上不应该出去。
3. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book?
你认为它是来自报纸还是书呢?
4. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.
我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。
She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital

Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.

一、重点短语
1. Clean-Up Day 清洁日2. an old people’s home 养老院 3. help out with sth. 帮助解决困难
4. used to 曾经„ ;过去 _ 5. care for 关心 ; 照顾
6. the look of joy 快乐的表情 7. at the age of 在 ...... 岁时 8.clean up 打扫 (或清除 ) 干净 9. cheer up (使 ) 变得更高兴 ; 振奋 10. give out 分发 ; 散发
11. come up with 想出;提出 12. make a plan 制订计划
13. make some notices 做些公告牌 14. try out 试用 ; 试行
15. work for 为„工作;为„ . 效力 16. put up 建造 ; 举起 ; 张贴 17. hand out 分发 ; 散发 ; 发给 18. call up 打电话 ; 召集 19. put off 推迟 ; 延迟
20. for example 比如;例如 21. raise money 筹钱 ; 募捐 22. take after 与 ...... 相像 ; 像 23. give away 赠送 ; 捐赠 24. fix up 修理 ; 修补 ; 解决 25. be similar to 与„„相似 26. set up 建立 ; 设立27. disabled people 残疾人
28. make a difference 影响 ; 有作用 29. be able to 能够
30. after-school reading program 课外阅读项目
二、重点句型
1. The boy could give out food at the food bank.
这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。
2. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now. 清洁日离现在仅仅两周的时间。
3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning.
每周六上午,他都在一家动物医院当志愿 者。
4. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer
after-school reading program. 去年, 她决定去参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔。
5. . . . you can see in their eyes that they’re going on a different journey with each new book.
…… 从他们的眼睛里你可以看到他们正在进行每本不同的新书之旅。
6. I want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer.
我想把我在动物医院工作的计划推迟到明 年夏天。
7. Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lots of money.
现在的大部分人只是为找一份能挣许多钱的好工作而着急。
8. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.
在你的帮助下,我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”。

Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?

一 重点短语
go out for dinner 出去吃饭 stay out late 在外面待到很晚 go to the movies 去看电影 get a ride 搭车 work on 从事
clean and tidy 干净整洁 do the dishes 洗餐具
take out the rubbish 倒垃圾 fold your/the clothes 叠衣服 sweep the floor 扫地
make your/the bed 整理床铺 clean the living room 打扫客厅 no problem 没问题 welcome sb. 欢迎某人
come home from school/ work放学 /下班回家 throw down 扔下 sit down 坐下
come over 过来take sb. for a walk 带某人去散步 all the time 一直 ; 总是 all day/evening 整曰 /夜do housework 做家务 shout back 大声回应 walk away 走开
share the housework 分担家务 a comfortable home 一个舒适的家 in surprise 惊讶地
get something to drink 拿点喝的东西 watch one show 观看一个节目 hang out 闲逛
pass sb. sth. 把某物传给某人 lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人 get sth. wet 使某物弄湿 hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事 do chores 做杂务
buy some snacks买些小吃 go to the store去商店invite sb. to a party邀请某人参加聚会 make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 enough stress足够的压力 a waste of time浪费时间
in order to为了get good grades取得好成绩 mind doing sth. 介意做某事 depend on依赖 ; 依靠develop children’s independence 发展孩子的 独立性
look after/take care of 照顾;照看do one’ s part in (doing ) sth.做某人分内的事 50. finish doing sth. 完成做某事 51. bring a tent带顶帐篷来
53.help sb. (to ) do /with sth.帮助某人干某事
二、重点句型
1. Could you please…..do sth. ? Could you please clean your room? 你能整理一下你的房间吗? 2. I have to do some work. 我必须干些活。 3. Could I+ do sth. ?
Could I use your computer? 我可以用一下你的电脑吗?
She won’
t be happy if she sees this mess. 如果她看到这样乱七八糟的话, 她会不高兴 的。 5. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I.
整整一周,她什么家务活都不干了,我也一样。
6. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the T V .
我一在电视机前坐下,我妈妈就过来了。 7. hate + ( to do/ doing) sth. I hate to do chores.

Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?

一、重点短语
1. have free time有空闲时间
2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 3. hang out with sb. 与某人闲逛 4. after-school classes课外活动课5. get into a fight with sb. 与某人吵架 /打架 6. until midnight直到半夜 7. talk to sb. 与某人交谈 8. too many太多 9. study too much学得过多10. get enough sleep有足够的睡眠 11. write sb. a letter给某人写信 12. call sb. up打电话给某人 13. surprise sb. 令某人惊讶 14. look through翻看
15. be angry with sb. 生某人的气 16. a big deal重要的事
17. work out成功地发展 ; 解决
18. get on with 与 ... 睦相处;关系良好 19. fight a lot 经常吵架 /打架 20. hang over笼罩
21. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 22. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 23. so that以便
24. mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事 25. all the time一直 26. in future今后
27. make sb. angry使某人生气 28. worry about sth. 担心某事
29. copy one’ s homework抄袭某人的作业 30. be oneself做自己
31. family members 家庭成员 32. spend time alone独自消磨时光 33. give sb. pressure给某人施压 34. have a fight with sb. 与某人吵架 35. compete with sb. 与某人竞争 36. free time activities业余活动
37. get better grades取得更好的成绩 38. give one’ s opinion提出某人的观点 39. learn exam skills学习应试技巧 40. practice sports体育训练 41. cause stress造成压力 42. cut out删除
二、重点句型
1. I studied until mid night last night so I didn’t get enough sleep.
我昨晚学习到半夜所以睡眠不足。 2. Why don 't you forget about it? 你为什么不忘掉它呢?
3. Although she ‘s wrong , it's not a big deal. 虽然她错了,但这并不是什么大事儿。 4. He should talk to his friend so that he can say he’s sorry.
他应该跟朋友谈谈以便他能说声对不起。 5. May be you could go to his house. 也许你可以去他家。
6. I guess I could, but I don ’t want to surprise him.
我想我可以 . 但我不想让他感到惊讶。

Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?

一、重点短语
1. make sure 确信 ; 确认 2. beat against... 拍打 … … 3. fall asleep 进人梦乡;睡着 4. die down 逐渐变弱;逐渐消失 5. wake up 醒来 6. in a mess 一团糟
7. break.. . apart 使 …… 分离8. in times of difficulty 在困难的时候 9. at the time of 当 ....... 时候 10. go off (闹钟 ) 发出响声
11. take a hot shower 洗热水澡 12. miss the bus 错过公交车 13. pick up 接电话
14. bring... together 使 …… 靠拢 15. in the area 在这个地区
16. miss the event 错过这个事件 17. by the side of the road 在路边
18. the Animal Helpline 动物保护热线 19. walk by 走路经过
20. make one’s way to 在某人去 …… 的路上 21. hear the news 听到这个消息
22. important events in history 历史上的重大 事件
23. for example 例如 24. be killed 被杀害
25. over 50 50多 (岁) 26. a school pupil 一个小学生 27. on the radio 通过广播 28. in silence 沉默 ; 无声29. more recently 最近地 ; 新近
30. the World Trade Center 世贸中心 31. take down 拆除 ; 摧毁
32. have meaning to 对 …… 有意义 33. remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 34., at first 首先 ; 最初
二、重点句型
1. — What were you doing at eight last night? 昨晚 8 点你在干什么? — I was taking a shower. 我在洗淋浴。
2. When it began to rain, Ben was helping his mom make dinner.
当开始下雨的时候,本正在帮他妈妈做晚 饭。
3. — What was Jenny doing while Linda was sleeping?
琳达在睡觉的时候,珍妮正在干什么? — While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping
Mary with her homework.
琳达在睡觉的时候,珍妮正在帮助玛丽做作业。

Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains

一、重点短语
1. work on doing sth. 致力于做某事 2. as soon as ...... 一……就…....
3. once upon a time = long long ago 从前 4. continue to do sth. 继续做某事
5. make sth. happen 使某事发生 6.try to do sth. 试图做某事
7. the journey to sp. ......之旅 8. tell a story/ stories 讲故事
9. put on 穿上 10. a little bit silly有点蠢 11. give up (doing) sth. 放弃(做)某事
12. keep doing sth. 坚持做某事 13. instead of 代替;反而
14. turn .. . into 变成 15. get married 结婚 16. be able to do sth. 能做;会做
17. the main character 主要人物；主人公
18. at other times 在另外一些时候 19. a fairy tale 一个神话故事
20. come out (书、电影等)出版 21. walk to the other side 走到另一边去
22. become interested in (doing) sth. 对(做)……感兴趣 23. get lost 迷路
24. the rest of the story 故事的其余部分 25. the next day 第二天
26. leave sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事
27. make a plan to do sth. 筹划/计划做某事 28. go to sleep 去睡觉
23. lead sb. to sp. 把某人领到某地 30. change one’s plan 改变计划
31. tell sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事 32. in the moonlight 在月光下
33. find one’s way home 找到某人回家的路
34. send sb. to sp. 派某人去某地
35. remind 的用法 1) remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起...
E.g. This book reminds me of my childhood. 这本书让我想起了我的童年。
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人去做某事 e.g. My mother always reminds me to come back early.我妈妈总是提醒我早点回家。
二、重点句型
1. What do you think about/of.. . ?你觉得......怎么样？
So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong?
你觉得愚公的故事怎么样？
2. It does’t seem adj . to do sth ..
I t does’t seem very possible to move a mountain.
把一座山给移掉好像不太可能。
3. This is because...
This is because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and objects.
这是因为他会根据他的形状和大小，做出72种变化，可以将自己变成不同的动物或东西。

Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world?

一、重点短语
1. as big as 与……一样大 2. feel free to do sth. 随意地做某事
3. one of the oldest countries 最古老的国家之一
4. as far as I know 据我所知 5. man-made objects 人造物体
6. part of... ...... 的组成部分 7. the highest mountain 最高的山脉
8. in the world 在世界上 9. any other mountain 其他任何一座山
10. of all the salt lakes 在所有的咸水湖中 11. run along 跨越… …
12. freezing weather 冰冻的天气 13. take in air 呼吸空气
14. the first people to do sth. 第一个做某事的人
15. in the face of difficulties面临危险16. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
17. achieve one’ s dream 实现某人的梦想 18. even though 虽然;尽管
19. the forces of nature 自然界的力量 20. reach the top 到达顶峰
21. at birth 在出生的时候 22. be awake 醒着 23. fall over 摔倒
24. run over with excitement 兴奋地跑过去25. walk into sb. 撞到某人
26. take care of 照顾;照料 27. every two years 每两年
28. cut down the forests 砍伐林木 29. endangered animals 濒危动物
30. fewer and fewer pandas大熊猫越来越少31. be in danger处于危险中
32. the importance of saving these animals 拯救这些动物的重要性
二、重点句型
1. It is +adj. + (for sb. ) to do sth.
It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.
当你接近山顶时，连呼吸都会困难。
2. . . . is because...
One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties.
其中的一个主要的原因是人们想要在面临困难时挑战自己。
4. How high/ deep/. . . is ... ?
How high is Qomolangma? 珠穆朗玛峰有多高？
Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of bamboo. 成年大熊猫一天要花1 2个多小时的时间吃大约

Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?

一、重点短语
1. on page 25 在第25页 2. the back of the book 书的背面
3. hurry up 赶快;匆忙 4. in two weeks 在两周之内
5. go out to sea 出海6. an island full of treasures 一个满是宝藏的岛屿
7. w rite about 写作关于……的内容 8. finish doing sth. 做完某事
9. wait for another ship 等待另一艘船到来
10. learn to do sth. 学会做某事 11. a few weeks ago 几个星期前
12. grow fru its and vegetables 种水果和蔬菜
13. the m arks of another m an’ s feet 另一个人的脚印
14. not long after that 不久之后 15. run towards sp. 跑向某地
16. use... to do sth. 用……来做某事
17. signs left behind by someone某人留下的标记
18. read the newspaper 看报 19. science fiction 科幻小说
20. can’ t wait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事
21. a good way to wake up 醒来的一个好办法
22. number of people 人数 23. used to do sth. (过去)常常做某事
24. study abroad 在国外学习 25. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
26. come to realize 开始意识到 27. ever since then 自从那时起
28. the southern states of America美国的南部地区 29. belong to 属于
30. be kind to each other 善待彼此 31. trust one another 互相信任
32. the beauty of nature 大自然的美 33. have been to sp. 去过某地
34. do some research on sth. 对……做研究
35. hope to do sth. 希望做某事 36. see sb. do sth. 看到某人做某事
37. the firs t line in the song歌曲的第一行
38. enjoy success in享受…的成功 39. at the end of the day傍晚的时候
二、重点句型
1. Have you. . . yet?
— Have you read little Women yet?你读过《小妇人》吗？
— Yes，I have. /No , I haven’ t. 是的，我读过。/ 不，我没有。
2. Has... yet?
— Has Tina read Treasure Island yet? 蒂娜读过《金银岛》这本书吗？
— Yes, she has. She thinks it’s fantastic. 是的，她读过。她觉得它很棒。
3. Would you like ... ?
Would you like something to drink? 你要来点喝的吗？
4. I heard...
I heard you lost your key. 我听说你丢钥匙了。
5. . . . came to realize how much...
She came to realize how much she actually missed all of them.
她开始意识到，事实上她是多么想念他们所有的人。

Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum?
知识点
一、词性变化
nation（n）国家→ national(adj.)国家的
amusement(n.)娱乐，游戏→ amuse(v.)娱乐，消遣
invention (n.)发明 → inventor(n.)发明家 →invent(v.)发明
courage (n.)勇气 →encourage(v.)鼓励→encouragement鼓励，支持
believable (adj.) 可相信的 → unbelievable(adj.)难以置信的
→believe（v.）相信 → belief(n.)相信，信任
social(adj.)社会的 → society(n.) 社会
perform（v.）→ performance(n.)表演→performer(n.)表演者
collect（v.）收集→collection收藏 → collector(n.)收藏家
enjoyable(adj.)愉快的，快乐的 → enjoy(v.)享受，欣赏，喜欢
二、重点短语
1. at night在夜晚 2. natural environment自然的环境
3. all year round一年到头;终年 4. be far from 离……远
5. in the dark 在黑暗中 6. in the past 在过去
7. have been to sp. 去过某地 8.science museum 科学博物馆
9. history museum 历史博物馆 10.amusement park 游乐园
11.go somewhere different去不同的地方 12.go skating 去滑冰
13.take the subway 坐地铁 14.a great way to do sth干某事好方法
15. all the old movie cameras所有的古老的电影摄影机
16. learn about sth.解有关…的情况 17.on the weekend 在周末
18. camp in the mountains 在大山里露营 19.put up a tent搭帐篷
20. in such a rapid way 以如此迅猛的方式 take a ride兜风
21.different kinds of各种各样的 22. social groups 社会团体
23.development of toilets 厕所的发展 24. thousands of 数以千计的
25.the tea art performances茶艺表演 26. tea sets 茶具
27.make a perfect cup of tea沏一杯完美的茶 lead to 导致，引起
28.a nice place to enjoy tea 一个品茶的好地方
29.International Museum of Toilets国际厕所博物馆
30.the Terracotta Army 兵马俑 31.Southeast Asia东南亚
32.Night Safari 夜间动物园 33.three quarters 四分之三
34. an English-speaking country一个讲英语的国家
35. have problem doing sth. 做某事很困难 a couple of 几个
36.During/in the daytime在白天 37.a couple of times 好几次
38. right now 现在;目前 hear of 听说 39. Whether…or...不管...还是
40. an amusement park with a special theme一个有特别主题的游乐园
41.walk around the park 在公园里到处走 42.the Bird’s Nest鸟巢
43. encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事 water park水上公园
44. on the one hand... on the other hand.一方面，另一方面
45.make(great) progress (in sth/doing sth )在某方面取得（很大）进步
46.fear doing/to do sth 害怕干某事 close to 接近，靠近
47. be excellent in sth/doing sth 在….方面极好
48. have a great/good/wonderful time玩的高兴= have fun=enjoy oneself
49. have a great/good/wonderful