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6B U4 Road safety April 11, 2015
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一．短语和句子—爱背就背，不背拉倒！
1. help you understand the text 帮你理解课文 2. There are many busy road in the city.在城市里有很多繁忙的街道。
3. cross them safely 安全的通过它们 4. look for a zebra crossing 寻找斑马线
5. look at the traffic lights 看交通灯 6. wait for the green man 等绿灯
7. see the red man 看见红灯 8. You mustn’t cross the road now. 现在你禁止穿过马路
9. Here’s the green man. 这是绿灯。 10.find a zebra crossing near you 找到你附近的斑马线
11.to keep safe 为了保持安全 12.wait on the pavement 在人行道上等
13.look out for cars and bikes 14.first look left, then right and then left again
小心汽车和自行车 首先看左边，接着右边，然后再左边
15. see you easily很容易看到你 16. cross the road with other people和其他人一起穿过马路
17.some children 一些孩子 18.run or play football on the road 在马路上跑或者踢足球
19.mustn’t play on the road 禁止在马路上玩 20.There are many cars and bikes. 有许多的汽车和自行车。
21.follow the rules 遵守规则 22.stay safe on the road 在马路上保持安全
23.to cross a busy road safely 24.before we cross the road
为了安全地通过繁忙的马路 在我们通过马路之前
25.What must you do to cross the road safely? 26.What must you not do on the road?
为了安全的通过马路你必须做什么？ 在马路上你禁止做什么？
27.run quickly on the road 在马路上跑得很快 28.There he is! 他在那里。
29.in the UK 在英国 30.drive on the left side of the road 在马路的左边开车
31.except Hong Kong and Macau 除了香港和澳门 32.drive on the right side of the road 在马路的右边开车
33.go to see their aunt 去看他们的阿姨 34.How do we get to your house? 我们怎么到你家？
35.take the bus 乘公交车 36.get on the bus 上公交车
37. They’re going fast. 它们正快速地行驶。 38.There are so many cars on the road. 在马路上有如此多的车。
39. The bus goes on. 公交车继续行驶。 40.Why does the bus stop here? 公交车为什么停在这？
41.There aren’t any traffic lights here. 42.Why is the bus stopping again?
这儿没有一些交通灯。 公交车为什么又在停？
43.some elephants 一些大象 44.stop and wait 停下来等
45.go to see the doctor 去看病 46.You’re sick. 你病了。
47.classroom rules 教室规则 48.keep your desk clean and tidy 保持你的桌子干净整洁
49.play ball games 玩球类游戏 50.talk loudly 大声地交谈
51.listen to your teachers in class 在课堂上听你老师的话
二，知识点解读—爱看就看，不看拉倒！
知识点1：road saftey道路安全
Safety 作名词：安全 Safety 对应词 danger 作形容词：safe 作副词：safely
练习：Tim knows how to cross the street _________________. You can’t play on the road.It’s not__________.
Miss Green is talking about traffic ______________.
1. This is not . 2. How can we cross the road_____? (此两题safe适当形式)
【回顾】Jim can draw a tiger.It is ___________for him.(easy) Miss Li can___________make a cake.(easy)
选择题( )1.The girl came to help an old man cross the road ________. A. safe B.safely C.safety
知识点2：There are many busy roads in the city.
① there be句型的十大原则；
②busy形容词 on a busy street 繁忙的街道 介词on 是权限问题，如同：
in the morning on a cold morning in the afternoon on a hot afternoon 一个a加上形容权限提高，不是下面的英美式
【回顾拓展】in the street (英) / on the street (美) 在街上 in the road (英) / on the road (美) 在路上
in the team (英) / on the team (美) 在这个队 at the weekend (英) / on the weekend (美) 在周末
at weekends (英) / on weekends (美) 在周末 in bed / on the bed 在床上【没有其他用法】
in the tree (多指树外之物) / on the tree (多指树本身之物) 在树上
③be busy doing/ be busy with sth忙于做某事
练习：1.My father is busy ____________(work) in the hospital.
我的父母经常忙于看电影。____________________________________________.
知识点3：How can you cross them safely?
cross 动词 cross the road/cross the street 区别across 介词 go cross the road =cross the street
a zebra crossing 斑马线（动名词） crossing名词：十字路口 turning 动名词：拐弯处
练习：（ ）1、Can you tell me how _________the road? A、cross B、to cross C、across D、to across
（ ）2、Be careful to look left and right before you go _____ the road. A. across B. will cross C. cross D. crossing
知识点4: You must look for a zebra crossing.
look for寻找（过程）=find找到，发现（结果） find out the truth/the reason/the secret
选择题( )1.I’m _____________the way now,But I can’t __________where it is.
A、looking for;looking for B、looking for;find C、is finding;look for D、is finding;find
★★★情态助动词的用法★★★
【总括】：表示说话人的情绪、态度或与语气的动词，但不能单独作谓语，无人称和数的变化,只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。所谓情态助动词+V否定式构成是在情态动词后面加 “not”。
个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式，过去式用来表达更加客气，委婉的语气。情态动词属非及物动词，故没有被动语态。
【情态动词有四类】：
①只做情态动词：must, can(could)—再次强调could可能时态，可能婉转语气,may(might)……
②可做情态动词又可做实义动词：need, （做情态助动词和实义动词用法大不同need 是一个情态动词，他的用法完全和其他情态动词一样，但 need 还可当作实义动词使用，这时 need 就象其他动词一样，有第三人称，单复数， 后面加带 to 的动词等特性。） dare （暂时不做要求）
③具有情态动词特征：have(had, has) to（稍后阐述）, used to（初中特别重要，年年中考题）
④情态动词表猜测 （暂时不做要求）
注： ①must do表示主观必须做，have to do不得不做，表客观必须做（little baby一题有区别论述）。
② must的否定mustn’t意思是禁止，严禁。
【must用法】Must用法小学阶段掌握以下几点
一、表“必须”。You must talk to them about their study.你必须同他们谈谈关于他们学习的事。
二.在否定结构中表不许。You mustn't leave here.你不能离开这儿。
三.关于must的简短回答：
Must I clean the dining room at once? 我必须马上打扫餐厅吗？
肯定回答：Yes, you must. 是的。否定回答有两种：No, you needn't.不必马上打扫。（No, you don't have to.）
【have to 用法】小学阶段必须掌握以下几点;
一、have to后接动词原形，表示外界的强制作用，强调被迫性。
二、have to 有时态，人称变化，例如：
I have to do some washing. She has to look after her little sister. I had to do my homework last night.
三、have to 的否定式和疑问式一般要借用助动词do的适当形式构成。have to 的否定式是don’t have to; has to 的否定式是doesn’t have to; had to 的否定式是didn’t have to。have to的疑问式同样也借用助动词do的相应形式构成。例如： He doesn’t have to do the homework now. —Do I have to go there now?
四.关于have to的简短回答：—Yes, you do. （No, you don’t have to.）
练习I can’t go to the cinema,I have________(do) my homework.
1.Liu Tao,you have to _______(go) home now.
2.He （must或have to）get up early last Sunday.
3. An hour ago,Peter very tired and he (must或have to)sit down and （have） a rest.
4.中译英：Mary必须在英语上努力学习吗？
5. He had to stay at home yesterday because his grandparents were both ill.
对because his grandparents were both ill.提问
6. You watch TV. You go to bed now. It’s too late.
A. can; must B. can’t; must C. mustn’t; can D.mustn’t ;have to E.
7.用适当的情态动词填空
Must I borrow the book with my ID card? No, you ________. (must，needn’t )
My mother is ill. I _________ stay at home and look after her.( must ;may)
________ you like some tea?(Would,Can)
Must I borrow the book with my ID card? No, you ________. (needn’t, can’t)
________ you tell me how to get to the Xuanwu Park? (Must, Can)
The clock ________ tell us the time. ________ you like to go fishing with me? ________ we play football this afternoon?
8. 用所给词的适当形式填空
Marcia said everyone should_________(keep) quiet in the dining room.
I must (finish) this before I go.
She shouldn’t _________(go) to the zoo now, she must __________(stay) at home.
My mother can’t __________(find) her glasses. They _________(be) in her bag just now.
知识点5:You must look at the traffic lights and wait for the green man？
1. traffic lights 红绿灯
2.wait for 等待某人某物 wait on/in/at 在哪里等 例如：wait on the pavement, wait in the shop, wait at the bus stop
wait a minute=just a minute wait for sb at the traffic lights在红绿灯处等待某人 the green man /the red man
练习：The young man w___________f_____________the bus.
知识点6:To keep safe, you can wait on the pavement and look out for cars and bikes.
pavement可数名词，人行道 2.look out for当心具体东西介词for …look out = watch out = be careful 小心，仔细。
Look out for sth: 小心什么东西 be careful about / with sth
练习：1.There isn’t ________ drinks in the fridge. 2.Would you like _______ tea?
( )3.--Can you give me______bread? --Sure ,here you are. A、a B.any C.some
知识点7：What must you do to cross the road safely? What must you not do on the road?
特殊疑问句语序：疑问词（what/when/how/where）+情态动词（can/must/may）+主语+动词原形…?
知识点8：
1、 John goes to work _____ and his wife goes to work _______.
2、 A. by car, on her bike B. by a car, on her bike C. by cars, by bikes D. by his car, by bike
3、 If they live in Chongqing, they can go to Wuhan _____ easily. A. on foot B. by the taxi C. by boat D. by sea
4、 —How does he go to Hong Kong? —________.
A. Take the plane B. Take plane C. By the plane D. By the air
5、 I usually go to school ________.A. ride the bike B. on bike C. on the bike D. by my bike
6、 He gets up early and ________ breakfast.A. have a quick B. has quick a C. has a quick D. have quick
7、 Mr. Smith often flies to Tokyo for the meeting. (同义句)Mr. Smith often ______ a _______to Tokyo for the meeting.
8、 My mother usually takes the bus to work. (变否定句)My mother _________ _________ ________the bus to work.
9、 He goes to school by No.103 Bus. (同义句转换)______ ______ the No.103 Bus to school.
10、 The most popular way（流行的/大众化的方式）of______________(get) to school is walking.
11、 Hainan is a good place _________(visit).
知识点9：There he is!他在那里！
全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：
1) here, there, now, then等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, run。
There goes the bell. Then came the chairman. Here is your letter.
注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。
Here he comes. Away they went.
--Here ____！ --Where is Xiao Liu？-- There ____.
A. comes the bus， is he B. comes the bus， he is C. the bus comes， is he D. the bus comes， he is
知识点10：They get on the bus.他们上了公交车。
get on off the bus 上/下公交车 get on/off the metro上下地铁 轿车是get in /out the car
1.--去人民医院怎么样？--你可以坐6路公交车，在珠江路站上车，在广州路下车。
--How do I get to Renmin__________?
--You can_________Bus No.6.You _________ ___________ the bus at Zhujiang Road Stop and _________ __________at Guangzhou Road Stop.
2. --打扰一下，请问我怎么到大华电影院？--沿着这条街走，在红绿灯处右转。
--Excuse me,how do I ________ __________Dahua ________?
--Go ________ this street.Then,__________ _________at the traffic lights.
（ ）1.A young man_______the bus and sits down in front of me.A gets off B gets on C gets to
（ ）2.You can take the bus and ____ at the third stop.A get on B get off C get into
知识点11：关于look left look to the left
知识点12【补充too either】肯定,疑问也too ；否定也either
Why don’t you go to bed, ? He didn't go to bed .
知识点13：稍作了解：
关于 but 与 except：
(1) 两者都可表示“除……外不再有……”，但含义上略有差别：
but侧重指意义的几乎完整性，而 except 则侧重指后面除去的部分。比较：
All are here but one. 除一个人都到了。 All are here except one. 还有一个人没到。
(2) 在现代英语中，but 的介词用法十分有限，一般说来，它只能用在下列词语之后：
① no, no one, nobody, nothing, nowhere 等② any, anyone, anybody, anything, anywhere 等③ every, everyone, everybody, everything, everywhere 等④ all, none 等⑤ who, what, where 等
Everyone knows it but you. 除你之外大家都知道。I haven’t told anybody but you. 除你之外，我没告诉任何人。
★★★阅读短文，首字母且正确形式填空（尽最大可能做出）
John comes from England. Now he is s in a school in Beijing. When he comes to China, his friends tell him something about some traffic r in China.
People m on the left in England. But in China, people should move on the r . Before you cross a street, you must look b ways—look left, look right and look left again. A remember(记住) the traffic moves on the right in China, or you may get hurt. In the morning and the evening, when people go to work and r home, the streets are very busy. So you must be c at this time. When you want to c the road, you must wait(等) for the green “walk” sign. In China, you can always ask the police for h when you lose your way.
John thinks he must obey these rules to k safe.
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