初中英语倒装句简单版.doc

英语倒装句

必须弄清两点： ① 若有主从句，哪句倒装
② 部分倒装还是完全倒装

1. 主语和谓语是句子的核心，它们之间有两种语序。
主语+谓语 => 自然语序 谓语+ 主语 => 倒装语序

2. 倒装语序中又有完全倒装和部分倒装。

3. 完全倒装： 又称“全部倒装”，将句子中的谓语全部置于主语之前。
此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时

4. 部分倒装： 将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前，而 而谓语动词无变化。如句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词， 则需添加助动词do/ does/ did, 置于主语之前。

5. 倒装条件
种类
倒装条件
例句
完全
倒装
here, there, up, down, in, out, off, away等副词开头的句子表示强调
Here comes a circus.
*Here you are.
There are 2 birds flying in the sky.
表示地点的介词短语作状语位于句首
Under the tree stood two tables and four chairs.
强调表语，置于句首，或为保持句子平衡
Present at the meeting were 1,000 students.

部分
倒装
never, hardly, scarcely, seldom, little, not until, not等表示否定意义的副词放于句首
Hardly did I know what had happened.
only和修饰的状语放于句首
Only then did he realized the importance of English.
not only... but also连接并列的句子，前倒后不倒
Not only does he know French, but also he is expert at all.
neither...nor...连接并列的句子，前后都倒装
Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it.
so...that, such...that中的so或such及修饰的成分放于句首时前倒后不倒
So busy is he that he can’t go on a holiday.
as引导的让步状语
Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work well.
so, neither或nor表示前句内容也适用于另外的人或事
He can play the piano, so can I.
用于表示祝愿的祈使句中
May you be in good health.
省略if的虚拟条件
Were I you, I would not do it in this way.

倒装种类：
一、表示方位和时间的副词位于句首，句子全部倒装
注意：主语是代词时，不倒装
例子： 1. The bus comes here. => Here comes the bus.
2. The bell goes there. => There goes the bell.
3. The students went away. = > Away went the students.
4. The chance comes now. = > Now ________ the _________.
5. He rushed out. => Out _______ _________.
6. He comes here. => There _________ __________.

二、以介词短语表示的状语，提前位于句首，全部倒装。
例子
1. A tower stands in front of our school.
=> In front of our school stands a tower.

2. A temple stands at the top of the mountain.
=> _______ the top of mountain stands _______ ________.

3. Christmas trees, flowers and toys are among the goods.
=> _______ the goods ________ Christmas trees, flowers and toys.

三、表语位于句首，倒装结构 表语+ 系动词+ 主语
A． 形容词 + 系动词 + 主语
Professor White and many other guests were present at the meeting.
=> Present at the meeting were Professor White and many other guests.

B. 过去分词 + 系动词 + 主语
The days when they could do are gone.
=> Gone are the days when they could do.

四、将so/ neither/ nor放在开头，表示 “…也(不)…” ，部分倒装
注意： 表示 “确实是这样” 不倒装
1. He went to the film last night. So did I.
2. You must finish your work, so _______ I.
3. She is interested in the story, so _______ I.
4. He didn’t turn up. Neither ______ his brother.
*5. His mother told him not to go to the film. So he did.

五、在if条件句，通常可以省略if，而将从句倒装
条件： 在if 条件句，必须含有系动词were，
助动词had 情态动词should
1. If he were younger, he would learn skating.
ð Were he younger, he would learn skating.

2. If they should forget to bring a map with them, they would get lost in the woods.
ð _______ they forget to bring a map with them, they would get lost in woods.

3. If they had realize how important the task was, they wouldn’t have refused to accept. =>
_______ they _________ how important the task was, they wouldn’t have refused to accept.

4. If I were you, I would help her.
=> _______ I you, I would help her.

六、否定词或半否定词位于句首，部分倒装
never/ little/ seldom/ not/ nowhere/ scarcely/ few/
by no means(决不) / at no time(从不)
1. I have never been there. => Never have I been there.
2. I knew little about it. => Little did I know about it.
3. She seldom came late to school => ________ did she _________ late to school.
4. You should buy that kind of car by no means.
ð ________ ________ ________ should you ________ that kind of car.

七、以not until/ no sooner… than(一…就) /
hardly… when(刚…就)/所引导的状语放在句首，部分倒装
1. She didn’t realize that she had lost her necklace until she got home.
She realized that she had lost her necklace when she got home.
=> Not until she got home did she realize that she had lost her necklace. 
直到她到了家才发现她丢了项链。
2. She didn’t arrive until the film had begun.
She arrived when the film had begun.
=> Not until the film had begun did she arrive. 直到电影开始她才到。

3. I didn’t know how difficult it was until I began to work.
I knew how difficult it was when I began to work.
=> Not until I began to work did I know how difficult it was.
直到我开始工作，才知道工作的困难。

5. The bell hardly had rung when the class began.
ð ________ had the bell rung when the class began.

*not only… but also 连接两个成分时， 不倒装； 连接句子，前面句子倒装。
He not only can speak Chinese but also English.
Not only does he speak English well, but also he speaks French well.
Not only is he busy, but also I have a lot of work to do.

八、only/ often及其修饰的状语位于句首，后面的句子部分倒装
1. We can only solve the problem in this way. => Only in this way can we solve the problem.
2. He was only able to go home when the war was over.
=> Only when the war was over _______ he able to go home.
3. I often advised him to give up. => Often did I _________ him to give up.
4. You can only hope to make improvement in the operating system in this way.
=> Only in this way _______ you ________ to make improvement in the operating system.
5. You can only make progress in your English in this way.
=> ________ in this way ________ you __________ progress in your English.
6. We can only rise in the world(飞黄腾达) through education.
=> ________ ________ _________ can we rise in the world.

九、so/ such….that 以so/ such开头句子，主句部分倒装
1. He spoke so loudly that even people in the next room could hear him
=> So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.

2. The words were so small that he could hardly see them.
ð So small ________ the words that _______ ________ hardly see them.

3. It was such an interesting film that we were all deeply moved.
ð _______ an interesting film _______ ________ that we were deeply moved.

十、as引导的让步状语从句要用倒装语序
倒装结构 名词/ adj. / adv. / 动词 + as(though) + 主语+ be/ 情态动词
1. Though he is a child, he knows a lot about the world.
ð Child as he is, he knows a lot about the world.

2. Though he is young, he knows more than you.
ð Young as he is, he knows more than you.

3. Though he will try hard, he never seems able to do the work well.
ð Try ______ as _______ _______, he never seems able to do the work well.

倒装练习
1. Look, ________. 
A. here the bus comes             B. here is the bus coning 
C. here comes the bus           D. here the bus is coming 

2. —Where is Kate?   —Look，_______, she is at the school gate.   
A. there she is       B. there is she     C. here you are      D. here it is 

4. Which of the following sentences is correct?
 A. In the teacher came            B. In did come the teacher
 C. In did the teacher come       D. In came the teacher 

4. Out _____, with a stick in his hand.
 A. did he rush      B. rushed he    C. he rushed     D. he did rush 
5. _______, he is honest.   
A. As he is poor      B. Poor is he     C. Poor as he is     D. Poor as is he 

5. ________, he knows a lot of things. 
A. A child as he is     B. Child as he is   
C. A child as is he    D. Child as is he 

6. _____, you can’t lift yourself up.
 A. Even you’re strong          B. Strong as you are 
C. How strong you are        D. In spite(尽管) you’re strong 

8. So carelessly ________that he almost killed himself.
 A. he drives      B. he drove      C. does he drive    D. did he drive 

9. Early in the day ____the news _____the enemy were gone.   
A. come; that      B. came; that     C. comes; that    D. came; what 

10. Only when you realize the importance of foreign languages_____ them well.   
A. you can learn     B. can you learn  
 C. you learned     D. did you learn 

11. Not only ____ to stay at home, but he was also forbidden to see his friends.  
 A. he was forcing     B. he was forced    C. was he forcing    D. was he forced 

13. Not until his father was out of prison____ to school. 
A. can John go     B. John can go     C. could John go    D. John could go 
14. Never before _____ seen such a stupid man.   
A. am I           B. was I         C. have I         D. shall I 

15. Rarely ____such a silly thing. 
   A. have I heard of     B. I have heard of 
C. am I heard of    D. had I heard of 

16. Little _____ about his own health though he was very ill.
 A. he cared      B. did he care    
C. does he care     D. he cares 

17. Only when _____ in the afternoon  _____ able to leave. 
A. the match was over; they were   
B. was the match over; were they  
C. was the match over; they were  
  D. the match was over; were they 

18. Hardly ____ down ____ he stepped in. 
    A. had I sat; than     B. I had sat; when  
 C. had I sat; then     D. had I sat; when 

19. No sooner _____asleep than she heard a knock at the door.    
A. she had fallen     B. had she fallen  
 C. she had fell     D. had she fell

20. She did not see Smith. ________. 
   A. Neither did I     B. Nor didn’t I    
C. Neither I did     D. So didn’t I 

21. In front of the farmhouse ______.  
A. lay a peasant(农村) boy  B. laid a peasant boy
 C. a peasant lay  D. did a peasant boy lie 

22. —You ought to have given them some advice.   —_____, but who cared what I said ?   
 A. So ought you      B. So I ought     C. So did you     D. So I did

23. —It was hot yesterday.  —_____. 
A. It was so.      B. So was it.      C. So it was.      D. So it did 

25. —You like football very much.   —________. 
A. So do I      B. So I do     C. I do too     D. It is the same with me

26. Only by practicing a few hours every day___ be able to master the language. 
A. you can      B. can you      C. you will      D. will you 

27. —Where is your brother?   —There ______.   
A. he is coming     B. he comes       C. comes he      D. does he come 

29. _____ earlier you would have met him.    
A. If you came     B. If you did come  
C. Did you come      D. Had you come 
5