牛津译林版八年级英语8AUnit8Naturaldisasters知识点归纳总结.doc

牛津译林版八年级英语8A Unit8 Natural disasters知识点归纳总结
8A Unit8 Natural disasters
一.词汇拓展
1.shake v. →shaking (n.) 摇动
2.direct v. →direction(n.) 方向
3.live v. →alive (adj.) 活着的
4.safe adj. →safety(n.) 安全
5.fear (n.) →fearful(adj.)可怕的、担心的
二.重点短语
1. wash away 冲走 wash 代词away
2. be all wet 全湿了
3. start to rain 开始下雨
4. wake up 醒来 wake代 词 up wake up+名词
5. mop up the water 把水拖干净
6. crash into a tree 撞在树上
7. start big fire 引起大火
8. fall from the tree 从树上掉下来
9. a heavy storm with thunder and lightening 伴有雷电的大暴雨
10. catch fire 着火
11.in the early morning 在清晨
12.feel a slight shake 感觉到轻微的晃动
13.hear a loud noise like thunder 听到像雷声的噪音
14. start to shake 开始摇晃 shake hands with sb.
15.scream in fear 恐惧地尖叫
16. run out of the building 跑出楼房
17.try my best to run out 尽我所能的跑出
18.begin to calm down 开始平静下来
19.say to oneself 自言自语
20. calm down 平静下来
21. silent silence silently 安静 寂静的
22. not at all 一点也不
23 find one’s way out 找到出路
24. hear about the fire 听说火灾 hear of 听说 hear from收到...的来信
25. Was anyone hurt? 有没有受伤？hurt v.adj.
26. fear v. fearful fearless 害怕 A moment of fear went through my mind. 一丝恐惧 掠过我的脑海。
27. direction n. in all directions 方向,方位 四面八方
28.shout for help 大声呼救 shout at 因为责备而大叫 shout to
因为距离远而大叫
29.pull oneself slowly through the dark 把自己从黑暗中拉出
30.try to find my way out 试着找到我的出路
31.hear some noise above me 听到我头顶上有噪音
32.hear shouts from excited people 听到兴奋人们的叫喊声
33.move away the bricks 移走砖头
34.see the bright daylight 看见明亮的日光
35.as …as possible 尽可能
36.cover your mouth and nose with the wet towel.用湿毛巾盖住你的嘴和鼻子
37.the building on fire 着火的房子
38.go to high ground 去高出
39.hide under strong desk 藏在坚硬的桌下
40.follow traffic rules 遵守交通规则
41.protect yourself from the thick smoke 保护自己免受浓烟
42. tell us to go home early 告诉我们早点回家
43. because of the heavy snow 因为大雪
44. ask me to go home 叫我回家
45. keep following around us 保持跟随在我们周围
46. hear the wind blowing 听到风吹
47. lose my umbrella in the wind 在风中弄丢了我的伞
48. walk slowly in the deep snow 在深雪中慢慢行走
49. arrive at the bus stop 到达汽车站
50. hear the noise of the traffic 听到交通的噪音
51. hit Beijing 袭击北京
52.What happened?发生了什么？ sth happen to sb.某事发生在某人身上
happen to do 碰巧做某事
53. at first =first of all =in the begining 首先，起初
54. alive adj.作表语 活着的 living adj.作定语 有生命的
55. hours later=after some hours
56. safe adj. safety n. safely adv. keep oneself safe keep away from
57. break down 故障，抛锚 break up 打破，破碎 break away 脱离 break in 打断，闯入 break into 破门而入 break off 折断，突然停止 break out 爆发
58. how to deal with what to do with
59. clear ... from 从...清理
三. 重点句子
1. I was sleeping when it started to rain. 我正在睡觉，突然下起雨来。
2. Didn’t you hear the rain? 你没听到下雨吗？
3. Who will mop up the water if I go without you? 你如果你不和我一起去的话，谁把水拖干净呢?
4.I was sleeping when the earthquake started.地震开始的时候我在睡觉。
5.Outside, the people were running in all directions while pieces of glasses and bricks were falling down. 外面，碎玻璃和碎砖块纷纷掉落下来，人们四处逃散。
6.I could not see anything at all, and I didn’t know if anyone else was near me.
我根本看不见任何东西 也不知道是否有人在我附近。
7.A moment of fear went through my mind, but I told myself to calm down since I was still alive.
我的脑海中滤过一阵恐惧，但我告诉自己要镇定下来，因为我仍然活着。
8.Luckily, there was just enough space for me to move.
幸运的是，有足够的空间让我移动。
9.I was walking to the bus stop. 我走向公交车站。
10.Were you waiting for a taxi? 你在等出租车吗？
11.He was ringing someone to come and help when you saw us. 你看见我们的时候他在打电话向人求助
12.When/while/As Millie was watching TV, Andy came into the room.当Millie在看电视时，Andy 走进的房间。
13.Mille was watching TV when Andy came into the room. .当Millie在看电视时，Andy 走进的房间。
14.When Simon arrived, Amy was getting some snow from the ground. Simon到的时候 Amy从地面上拿了些雪。
16.What should we do when the earthquake happens? 地震发生时我们应该做什么？
17.What should we do when there is a flood? 发洪水时我们应该做什么？
18.what should we do if our building is on fire?
我们得房子着火了我们应该做什么？
19. I share an umbrella while we were walking to the bus stop. 走向汽车站时我分享 我的伞。
20. When we arrived at the bus stop, we saw many people waiting there. 当我们到达车站时，我们看见许多人在那里等待。
21. People were trying to clear the snow from the streets.人们试图将街上的雪扫除。
四.词句解析
1.mind n. 头脑，想法　v. 介意；在乎
[拓展] (1)mind用作名词时，其常用搭配：
body and mind身心
make up one's mind to do sth 下定决心去做某事
(2)mind 用作动词时，其常用搭配：
mind doing sth 介意做某事
mind sb/one's doing sth 介意某人做某事
Never mind. 不介意， 没关系。
(3) “Would/Do you mind＋n./pron./v.­ing？” 意为“您介意……吗？”。此句型的答语要针对mind进行回答。表示“介意，在乎”时，用“Yes”，后跟句子表示“不让对方做某事”；表示“不介意，不在乎”时，用“No”，后跟句子表示“允许对方做某事”。
—Do you mind my closing the window?
你介意我关上窗户吗？
—Yes, you'd better not.
是的(介意), 你最好别关。
—No, certainly not. 当然不介意(你可以关上)。
2.…but I told myself to calm down since I was still alive. ……但我告诉自己要镇定下来，因为我仍然活着。
[点拨] (1)calm down 意为“冷静下来”，为“动词＋副词”结构的短语，可单独使用，也可加宾语。宾语是名词时，可放在两词中间或down后面；宾语是代词时，只能放在两词中间。
Calm down！We'll find her.
镇定点儿！我们会找到她的。
It was difficult to calm down the football fans.
要使那些足球迷们平静下来是困难的。
He took a few deep breaths to calm himself down.
他深吸了几口气来让自己平静下来。
(2)since在本句中意为“既然；由于”，引出既成事实。
Since you like the flower so much, why don't you buy it?
既然你这么喜欢这枝花，为什么不把它买下来呢？
五. 语法
过去进行时
1) 掌握过去进行时was / were + doing 表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作或过去某一阶段一直进行的动作，其肯定、否定和疑问形式如下：

was/were(+not)
ing form
I
was(+not)

dancing.
You/We/They
were(+not)
He/She/It
was(+not)

Was
I

dancing?
Were
you/we/they
Was
he/she/it

Yes,
I
was.
you/we/they
were.
he/she/it
was.

No,
I
was not/wasn’t.
you/we/they
were not/weren’t.
he/she/it
was not/wasn’t.

while, when,as
掌握while 和 when在过去进行时中的用法：表示两个持续性的动作在过去同时发生用while，when后接一个短暂性的动作。持续性的动作用过去进行时，短暂性的动作用一般过去时。e.g.：
I was doing my homework while my father was watching TV..
The bell rang while he was reading books.
When the bell rang, he was reading books. (以上这两句主从句前后可以互换)
 1、“主短从长”型：即主句是一个短暂性动作，而从句是一个持续性动作，此时三者都可用。如：  
  Jim hurt his arm while［when， as］ he was playing tennis. 吉姆打网球时把手臂扭伤了。    As［When， While］ she was waiting for the train， she became very impatient. 她在等火车时，变得很不耐烦。  
 2、“主长从长”型：即主句和从句为两个同时进行的动作或存在的状态，且强调主句动作或状态延续到从句所指的整个时间，此时通常要用while。 
I always listen to the radio while I’m driving. 我总是一边开车一边听收音机。 
He didn’t ask me in; he kept me standing at the door while he read the message. 他没有让我进去，他只顾看那张条子，让我站在门口等着。  
但是，若主句和从句所表示的两个同时进行的动作含有“一边……一边”之意时，则习惯上要用as。如： 
He swung his arms as he walked. 他走路时摆动着手臂。 
3、“主长从短”型：即主句是一个持续性动作，而从句是一个短暂性动作，此时可以用as或when，但不能用while。如： 
It was raining hard when [as] we arrived. 我们到达时正下着大雨。 
When [As] he came in, I was listening to the radio. 他进来时，我在听收音机。
4. 过去进行时+while +过去进行时
一般过去时+while+过去进行时
过去进行时+when+一般过去时

即时自测
用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1.Luckily, Tom’s flight landed ________ (safe) at the airport.
2.When I got home, my daughter ________ (do) her homework.
3.Her behaviour ________ (deep) troubled us.

单项选择
(　　)1.- Yesterday Suzy fell over and was hurt badly while she__ __a snowball.
- I'm sorry to hear that.
A. made B.was making C.makes D.is making
(　　)2.The girls are singing and dancing ________ the boys are playing football.
A．When B．as
C．Since D．While
(　　)3. My cousin Daniel is old enough to dress ________．
A．herself B．himself
C．yourself D．myself
(　　)4. —Do you mind ________？
—Of course not.
A．my closing the window
B．if I close the window
C．I closing the window
D．A&B
(　　)5.________ nobody is absent, let’s begin our class.
A．When B．But
C．Since D．While
(　　)6.Don’t be afraid of asking for help ______ it is needed.
A. unless B. since C. although D. when

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