高考复习语法系列状语从句及练习.doc

高考英语复习语法系列
语法专题 之 状语从句
分为：时间、条件、让步、原因、目的、结果、比较、地点、方式9种。

一、 时间状语从句
引导时间状语从句的连词有： when, as, while, until, not…until, before, after, since, the minute, the moment, each( every, next, the first) time等。时间状语从句中一般用一般现在时或一般过去时。

1． when , while, as 都可解释为“当```的时候”但侧重点有所不同。
1) When Eg: When I arrived home , I had a little rest.
注意：
when 从句的主语与主句主语相同，谓语动词是be 动词时，从句主语和be可以省略。
Eg: When (she was) walking along the street, she met her class teacher.
2) As
As 除了表示“当```的时候”，还可表示为“一面```一面”，“随着”
Eg: He sang as he danced. (一面```一面)
You will grow wiser as you grow older. (随着)
3) While表示“当```的时候”强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，从句一般用进行时，从句动词必须是延续性动词。
Eg: While we were working, they were having a rest.
While (they were) having a discussion, they got very confused.

注意：
while 还有 “然而”的意思。 I prefer black tea, while he likes coffee.
2． until, not…until “直到```才”,在肯定句中主句常用延续性动词；在否定句中主句常用短暂性动词。
肯定句：I waited until midnight. 否定句：I did not leave until midnight.
注意：
1）not until…在句首，主句用倒装
eg: Not until you had explained how did I manage to do it.
2) It is not until…that…引导的强调句
It was not until it was dark that he came back.
3. the minute, the moment, each time 表示“一```就```”
eg: The worker recognized the type of the machine the moment he saw it.
4. hardly/scarcely…when, no sooner…than, as soon as 表示为“一```就```”
eg: I had hardly/scarcely got home when it began to rain.
I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.
It began to rain as soon as I got home.
注意：hardly/scarcely…when, no sooner…than位于句首，主句用倒装
eg: Had I hardly/scarcely got home when it began to rain.
No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.

5. By the time + 状从（过去时），主句（过去完成时）
By the time + 状从 （现在时），主句（将来完成时）
By the time she came back, all the guest had left.
By the time the class is over, we will have finished learning the whole passage.
练 习 题
1. It was quiet ________ those big trucks started coming through the town.
A. before B. after C. until D. unless 
2. It seemed only seconds ________ the boy finished washing his face.
A. when B. before C. after D. even if
3. Hardly had he reached the school gate ________ the bell rang.
A. while B. when C. as D. as soon as 
4.We were told that we should follow the main road _____ we reached the central railway station.
A. whenever    B. until   C. while    D. wherever
5. I recognized you ________ I saw you at the airport.
A. the moment B. while C. after D. once 
6. He was about to go to bed ________ the doorbell rang.
A. while B. as C. before D. when
7.________I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.
A. Every time B. When C. While D. Until
8. _____ John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.
A. As B. As soon as C. While D. Till
9. The children ran away from the orchard(果园) ______ they saw the guard.
A. the moment B. after C. before D. as
10. No sooner had I arrived home _____ it began to rain.
A. when B. while C. as D. than

二. 条件状语从句
1. 概念：条件状语从句，即在某种条件下，一件事情可能发生。
2.条件状语从句的引导词
1).If If you ask him，he will help you．
2).unless （if ...not...） Unless it rains, the game will be played.
3).so/as long as You may borrow my book as long as you keep it clean.
3．关于条件句的时态，常见的有以下三种情况：
1、主将从现：When I grow up, I’ll be a nurse and look after patients.
2、如果主句是祈使句，那么从句通常要用一般现在时。 （主祈从现）
If you want to have a chat , call me up.
3、如果主句是含有情态动词时，根据需要从句多用一般现在时。（主情从现）
You should be quiet when you are in the reading room.
练 习 题
1. If you _____ to the party, you’ll have a great time.
A. will go  B. went  C. go   D. going
2. It will be a long time ____ Peter _____ his work.
A. since, has finished   B. after, finishes   C. when, will finish   D. before, finishes.
3. What will father bring us, ______he comes from China.
A. if  B.when   C. as long as   D.untill
4. If Wang Fang ____________me, _________me at once.
A. need,tell B.needs,telling C.need,telling D.needs,tell
5．I ____ her the answer if she ____me.
A. can tell, will ask   B. will tell, will ask  C. would tell, ask   D. will tell, asks
6. – What are you going to do tomorrow? --We’ll go to the library tomorrow if it ___.
A. isn’t rain  B. rain   C. won’t rain  D. doesn’t rain
7.—Do you know when he will come back tomorrow?
--Sorry, I don’t know. When he ____ back, I’ll tell you.
A. comes  B. will come   C. come   D. may come
8. What will you do if you _____ to the old folk’s home visit?
A. go   B. went   C.going   D. will go
9. ___________I eat much food, I’ll be very fat.
A. Although   B. if    C. while  D. because
10. I’ll not give the book to him________ he will come here next Sunday.
A. if    B. as long as    C. though    D. unless
三．让步状语从句
1.概念：一般翻译为“尽管……即使……”就是我们日常生活中用的“退一步说……”的感觉。
2.引导让步状语从句的连词有：though, although, even if/ though, however, no matter how, no matter what, no matter who等。
（1）though, although表示“虽然，纵然”之意。
这两个连词意思大致相同，在一般情况下可以互换使用，都可与yet, still或nevertheless连用，但不能与but连用。
Although/Though he was worn out, (still) he kept on working.
Although/Though he is very old, (yet) he is quite strong.
　　注意：though引导的让步状语从句还可位于主句主句之后。
　　She passed the examination though she had not studied very hard.
（2）as 表示“虽然……但是”，“纵使……”之意。
　　as引导的让步状语从句必须以部分倒装的形式出现，though间或也用于这样的结构中，但although不可以这样用。
Object as/ though you may, I’ll go.
(=Though/Although you may object, I’ll go.)
　　Child as/though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.（=Though he was a child, he knew what was the right thing to do.）
（3）even if, even though 表示“即使……”，“纵使……”之意。
意思基本相同,常可互换使用，但意义有细微差别。
even if引导的让步从句含有强烈的假定性，
even though引导让步状语从句时，是以从句的内容为先决条件的。
We’ll make a trip even if/though the weather is bad.
Even if he is poor, she loves him. (=He may be poor, yet she loves him.)
Even though he is poor, she loves him. (=He is poor, yet she loves him.)
（4）whether...or...表示“不论是否……”，“不管是……还是……”之意。
　　You'll have to attend the ceremony whether you're free or busy.
　　Whether you believe it or not, it's true.
（5）“no matter+疑问词”或“疑问词-ever” 为“……都……；不管……都……”，
No matter what happened, he would not mind. (=Whatever happened, he would
not mind.)
No matter who you are, you must keep the law.(=Whoever you are, you must
keep the law.
注意： “no matter+疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句，而“疑问词-ever”还可以引导
名词性从句。
Whatever (=No matter what) you say, I won’t believe you.
I'll eat whatever (≠no matter what) you give me.

练 习 题
1 The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit ____the season.
A whatever B wherever C whenever D however
2 Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, ____they knew it to be valuable.
A as if B now that C even though D so that
3 ____I really don't like art, I find his work impressive.
A As B Since C If  D While
4 ____he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience.
A Since B Unless C As D Although
5 ____I have some sympathy for them, I don't think they are right to do so.
A As B If C While D When
6 ____the Customs Office, he will have to declare this sort of things he carries with him to the Customs Officer.
A No matter who will come through B who come through
C No matter whom comes through D Whoever comes through
7 What a tight volleyball game! We lost it ____we all tried our best.
A because B though C until D unless
8 This is a very interesting book .I'll buy it , ____.
A how much may it cost B no matter how it may cost
C however much it may cost D how may it cost
9 All people, ____they are old or young, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.
A even if B whether C no matter D however
10 Allow children the space to voice their opinions, ____they are different from your own.
A until B even if C unless D as though

四．原因状语从句
引导原因状语从句的连词有：because, since, as , now that ,considering that, for the reason that , due to the fact that, owing to the fact that等
1. because
引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之后， because表示直接原因， 语气最强， 通常用于回答why引导的疑问句。 I do it because I like it.
2. since，as seeing (that)， now (that)， considering (that)， in that
表示“既然，由于”。
As/ Since you are not very well, you had better have a rest.
Seeing (that) he refused to help us, there’s no reason that we should now help him.
Now (that) you are grown up, you should not rely on your parents.
3．For 表示原因关系，对前面内容的推断或猜测。
It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet now.

练 习 题

1. ____ you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.

A. Now that B. After C. Although D. As soon as

2. He found it increasingly difficult to read, ____ his eyesight was beginning to fail.

A. and B. For C. But D. or

3.A man cannot smile like a child, ____ a child smiles with his eyes, while a man smiles with his lips alone.

A. So B. But C. and D. for

4. I didn’t go I was afraid.

A. Since B. For C. Because D. Though

5. it was raining, we stayed at home.

A. because, so B.because ,/ C.because ,for D.if ,so

6.I said nothing about it his wife was there.

A. since B. so that C. because D. unless

7. the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.

A. before B. since C. till D. After

8. it is raining, you’d better take a taxi.

A. before B. as C. till D. after

9. You shouldn’t get angry just some people speak ill of you.

A. since B. so that C. because D. unless

10. you are here, you’d better stay.

A. before B. Now that C. till D. after
B.
五 目的状语从句
1. 概念：从句部分是用以补充说明主句中谓语动词发生的目的。
2. 引导目的状语从句常用的连词有：so that, in order that, lest, in case, for fear that等。
3. 目的状语从句的谓语常含有may, might, can, could, should, would等情态动词。
You must speak louder so that/in order that you can be heard by all.
He wrote the name down for fear that he should forget it.
Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.

六 结果状语从句
引导结果状语从句的连词有： so that, so…that, such…that等
He is so young that he can not go to school.
He is such a young boy that he can not go to school.
区别：
1. so...that和such… that的区别
so是副词，常常用来修饰形容词或副词, such修饰名词
The boy ran so fast that I couldn't catch him. = The boy ran too fast for me to catch .
She has such a cute baby that she is quite happy.
注意： 当名词前有many、much、(a) few、(a) little等词修饰时，句子中要用“so...that...”而不能用“such...that...”。
He has so much money that he can buy what he wants.
I've had so many falls that I have pains here and there.
2. so that ...(以便 / 为了……)，引导目的状语从句。
I got up early so that I could catch the early bus.
Please open the window so that we can breathe fresh air.
You must go now so that you won't be late.

练 习 题
1. He left in ___a hurry ___he forgot to lock the door.
A. such, that B. so, that C. such, as D. so, when
2. You must improve your study method _____ you may make progress in your studies.
A. so as to B. in order to C. so D. in order that
3. The Prime Minister got to the platform and sat down, ____to answer the questions.
A. preparing B . being preparing C . prepared D . to prepare
4. They demanded a rise in their wages ___up for the ____ cost of living.
A. to make, increase B. made, increased
C. to be made, increasing D. making, increasing
5. ---Why did you move the table over there? --- ____ the new sofa.
A. To make room for B. Share room with C. Given room to D. Saving room for
6. ____late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm.
A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having slept
7. ---I’ll thank you ____my affairs alone. ---I will. It’s none of my business.
A. leaving B. not to leave C. for having left D. to leave
8. Not ____faith in himself, the scientist went on with the research.
A. losing B. to lose C. lost D. to be lost
9. After that he expected Tom ____it without ____how.
A. to do, telling B. doing, told C. to do, being told D. doing, to be told
10. “Do you have anything ____ to your son? I’m going to Beijing.
A. to take B. to be taken C. taken D. to bring

七 比较状语从句

引导比较状语从句的连词有：as…as, than, not so…as, the more…the more等
He speaks English as fluently as his brother (does)
I can’t jump so /as high as he (does)
There are more workers in this factory than in the one next to it .
The more you read, the more interesting , you will find the novel is .

八．地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的连词有:where, wherever以及 where构成的复合词等
She found her calculator where she lost it.
Wherever I am, I will miss you.
注意：
I happened to see your dictionary lie where I used it last time.
I happened to see your dictionary lie in the lab where I used it last time.

九 方式状语从句
1.引导方式状语从句的连接词有as, just as, as if / though（一般用虚拟语气, 也有用直陈语气的）等。
Just do as you are told.
The workers went on working as if nothing had happened.
He talked to the girl as though he had fallen in love with her.
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中考状语从句专项练习题
(   ) 1 The meeting didn't start___ everyone was there.
A. because    B. until   C. why    D. if
(   ) 2 He ___ home ___ she was satisfied ___ his answer yesterday.
A. didn't go; until; with      B. wasn't go; after; to
C. doesn't go; before; with    D. didn't go; until; to
(   ) 3 Tom will call me as soon as he ___ Shanghai.
A. arrives B. will reach C. arrives in D. get to
(   ) 4.I'm sure he'll come to see me before he ___ Beijing.
A. will leave     B. is leaving    C. leave    D. leaves
(   ) 5.I will tell him the news as soon as he___ back.
A. come    B. comes     C. will come     D. came
(   )6. Tom has got a watch. He ___ it for two years. It _______ by his father.
A. has bought; was bought      B. has got; is bought ,
C. was bought; has bought .     D. has had; was bought "'
(   )7 When he got to the station, the train ___.
A. left     B. had left     C. leaves     D. has left
(   )8.The boy told his father what he ___ in the street.
A. saw     B. have seen     C. had seen     D. see
(   ) 9. We ___ TV when the telephone ____.
A. watched; was ringing  B. were watching; rang   C. watch; rings  D. are watching; rang
(   )10. By the end of last term, I___ ten books.
A. had finished reading   B. have finish reading   C. had finish to read   D. finish read
(   )11. I ___ you for a long time. Where ___ you ___?
A. didn't see; did; go       B. didn't see; have; gone
C. haven't seen; have; been      D. haven't seen; have; gone
(   ) 12.Tom___ China for 3 years.
A. has been    B. has been in    C. has been to  D. has been at
(   )13. I won't go to see the film ton