局部解剖学：上 肢 后 区.ppt

,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,*,局部解剖学,jiepou,断层影像解剖,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,1,Neck,Review systemical anatomy,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,2,The muscles of neck,Superficial group,Platysma,颈阔肌,，,a thin sheet-like muscle of facial expression,Sternocleidomastoid,胸锁乳突肌,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,3,Suprahyoid muscles,Digastric,二腹肌,Stylohyoid,茎突舌骨肌,Mylohyoid,下颌舌骨肌,Geniohyoid,颏舌骨肌,Elevate(raise)hyoid bone and depress mandible.,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,4,Infrahyoid muscle,Sternohyoid,胸骨舌骨肌,Sternothyroid,胸骨甲状肌,Thyrohyoid,甲状舌骨肌,Omohyoid,肩胛舌骨肌,Depress hyoid or larynx after elevation,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,5,Deep group,Lateral,Scalenus anterior,前斜角肌,Scalenus medius,中,斜角肌,Scalenus posterior,后斜角肌,Medial,longus capitis,头长肌,longus colli,颈长肌,Flex the head,bends the neck forward,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,6,Scalene fissure,斜角肌间隙,Above the first rib,there is a triangular space between scalenus anterior and midius.,The brachial plexus and the subclavine a.,emerge from this space.,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,7,The arteries of neck,Common carotid artery,颈总动脉,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,8,Branches of external carotid a.,Superior thyroid a.,甲状腺上动脉,Lingual a.,舌动脉,Facial a.,面动脉,Occipital a.,枕动脉,Posterior auricular a.,耳后动脉,Maxillary a.,上颌动脉,Superficial temporal a.,颞浅动脉,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,9,Subclavian artery,锁骨下动脉,Branches,Vertebral a.,椎动脉,Internal thoracic a.,胸廓内动脉,Thyrocervical trunk,甲状颈干,Inferior thyroid artery,甲状腺下,A,Costocervical trunk,肋颈干,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,10,Veins Draining the neck,Internal jugular vein,颈内静脉,Chief extracranial tributaries,Common facial vein,面总,V,Lingual v.,舌静脉,Pharyngeal v.,咽静脉,Superior thyroid v.,甲状腺上,V,Middle thyroid v.,甲状腺中,V,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,11,venous angle,静脉角,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,12,External jugular,vein,颈外静脉,Anterior jugular vein,颈前静脉,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,13,Cutaneous branches:,Lesser occipital n.,枕小,N,Greet auricular n.,耳大,N,Transverse nerve of neck,颈横,N,Supraclavicular n.,锁骨上,N,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,14,Vagus N,迷走,N,Superior laryngeal nerve,喉上神经,Internal branch,内支,External branch,外支,Cervical cardiac branches,颈心支,Recurrent laryngeal nerves,喉返神经,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,15,Regional anatomy of neck,温州医学院 解剖教研室,陈成春,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,16,Regional anatomy of neck,颈筋膜及筋膜间隙,颈部层次解剖,气管切开的层次及注意事项,甲状腺的应用解剖学及结扎甲状腺上下,A,的注意事项,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,17,Parts and regions of the neck,Boundaries,境界,Superior,上,inferior border of mandible,angle of mandible,tip of mastoid process,superior nuchal line,external occipital protuberance,Inferior,下,jugular notch,sternoclavicular joint,superior border of clavicle,acromion,spinous processes of C7,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,18,Landmarks,体表标志,Hyoid bone,Thyroid cartilage,Cricoid cartilage,Carotid tubercle,Sternocleidomastoid,Suprasternal fossa,Greater supraclaviclar fossa,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,19,Regions,Neck,颈,Anterior region of neck,Lateral region of neck,Sternocleidomastoid region,Nape,项部,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,20,Anterior region of neck,Suprahyoid region,舌骨上区,Submental triangle,颏下三角,Submandibular triangle,下颌下三角,Infrahyoid region,舌骨下区,Carotid triangle,颈动脉三角,Muscular triangle,肌三角,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,21,Lateral region of neck,Occipital triangle,枕三角,supraclavicular triangle,锁骨上三角,(greatsupraclavicular fossa),锁骨上大窝,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,22,臂丛麻醉与斜角肌间隙、锁骨上大窝,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,23,Superficial fascia,Consists of fat and connective tissue,Contents,Platysma,Superficial veins,Anterior jugular v.,External jugular v.,Cutaneous nerves,Lesser occipital n.,Greet auricular n.,Transverse nerve of neck,Supraclavicular n.,Cervical branch of facial n.,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,24,Cervical fascia,颈筋膜,three layers,Superficial layer(investing fascia,封套筋膜,),2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,25,Prevertebral layer,气管前层,包绕甲状腺形成甲状腺鞘，与甲状腺囊的区别？,与甲状腺运动的关系？,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,26,Prevertebral layer,椎前层,Extends into upper limb as axillary sheath,腋鞘,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,27,Carotid sheath,颈动脉鞘,Formed by components of all,three layers,of deep cervical fascia,Contains common and internal carotid A,internal jugular V,and vagus N,Ansa cervicalis,（,颈袢,）,located on its anterior surface,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,28,Suprasternal space,胸骨上间隙,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,29,Pretracheal space,气管前间隙,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,30,Retropharyngeal space,咽后间隙,Prevertebral space,椎前间隙,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,31,Suprahyoid region,Submental triangle,颏下三角,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,32,Submandibular triangle,下颌下三角,下颌下腺与面,AV,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,33,Infrahyoid region,Carotid triangle,颈动脉三角,颈外动脉及分支,舌下神经,喉上神经,颈袢,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,34,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,35,Muscular triangle,肌三角,甲状腺位置形态,甲状腺的被摸,甲状腺的血管神经及其关系,甲状腺手术的主要事项（神经与血管的位置关系）,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,36,Arteries of thyroid gland and nerves of larynx,甲状腺上,A,与喉上神经,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,37,Inferior thyroid artery,甲状腺下动脉,甲状腺下,A,与喉返神经,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,38,Arteria thyroid ima,甲状腺最下动脉,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,39,Cervical part of trachea,气管颈部,Tracheotomy,气管切开层次及内容,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,40,Root of neck,颈根部,Formed at thoracic inlet by,Anteriorly,前,manubrium sterni,胸骨柄,Posteriorly,后,body of first thoracic vertebra,胸,1,椎体,Laterally,外,first rib and costal cartilage,第一肋,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,41,Dissection,Platysma,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,42,Cutaneous nerves and superficial veins,External jugular vein,Anterior jugular vein,Lesser occipital n.,Greet auricular n.,Transverse nerve of neck,Supraclavicular n.,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,43,Submendibular gland,Omohyoid,Sternohyoid,Sternothyroid,Superior thyroid a.,Cervical plexus,Phrenic n.,Ansa cervicalis,Vagus n.,Hypoglossal n.,Accessory n.,Digastric,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,44,Superior thyroid a.,External branch,Internal branch,Hypoglossal n.,Vagus n.,Vertebral a.,Inferior thyroid a.,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,45,Inferior thyroid a.,Recurrent laryngeal n.,Thoracic duct,Vagus n.,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,46,Vertebral a.,Thyrocervical trunk,Inferior thyroid a.,Internal thoratic a.,Transvers cervical a.,Costocervical trunk,Suprascapular a.,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,47,颈根部,基本内容：颈动脉鞘下段及其内容（颈内静脉、经总动脉和迷走神经）、气管颈段、锁骨下动脉及分支、静脉角及胸导管和右淋巴导管、颈交感干、喉返神经,核心内容：椎动脉三角境界及内容,难点：胸膜上膜,考研中点内：甲状腺的应用解剖,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,48,Thyroid gland,甲状腺,Shape and position,Covering:,被摸,Fibrous capsule:,囊,Thyroid sheath,：鞘,（悬,lig,与运动）,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,49,A&N:Relations,甲状腺上,A,与喉上神经,甲状腺下,A,与喉返神经,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,50,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,51,Triangle of the vertebral a.,椎动脉三角,Boundaries,境界 前斜角肌、椎前肌和锁骨下,A,Contents,内容,Vertebral a.,椎,A,Inferior thyroid a.,甲状腺下,A,Cervical part of sympathetic trunk,颈交感干,Cevicothoracic ganglion,颈胸神经节,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,52,Superior deep lateral cervical lymph nodes,颈外侧上深,LN,Jugulodigastric lymph node,颈内静脉二腹肌,LN,:,Inferior deep lateral cervical lymph nodes,颈外侧下深,LN,Juguloomohyoid lymph node,颈内静脉肩胛舌骨肌,LN,:Supraclavicular lymph nodes,锁骨上,LN,:,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,53,中期局部解剖学教学规划,基本无障碍自主学习,强化实验技能训练：熟练外科解剖技术，珍惜劳动成果（获取图像数据、记录解剖过程、写出体会和感悟）,提供最佳学习资源：图像、文字资料（英文）、解决疑难问题（提高学生的学习效率和学习兴趣）、提供解剖与临床链接知识（增加解剖的实际应用价值的传授，提升学习兴趣）、提供医学科学前沿知识、适当时机提供科学研究基本素质教育：即问题提出（立项）、实验方法和实验结果的分析总结、实验结论（应用价值）,2025/5/17 周六,Chengchun Chen Dept of Anatomy WZMC,54,中期局部解剖学教学规划,基本要求：在恰当的时间，提供局部解剖的基本教学内容和要求，让同学们轻松通过考试个！,真诚希望同学们在快乐中获取医学真谛！,谢谢！,