B4U1-4-grammar主谓一致.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Subject-Verb Agreement,(,主谓一致,),语法一致,就近原则,意义一致,就远原则,“,主语,+,附属结构,”,作主语，谓语与,主语,一致,即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。,即主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，,因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式,上为复数，但表示单数意义，这时谓语,动词用单数形式。,即谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，,取决于最靠近他的主语。,1,语法一致,即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。,2,语法一致：,1.,当主语由,and,连结时，如果,表示,同一人,或,同一物,时，谓语动词用,单数,，此时,and,后面的名词无冠词。,如,表示,不同,的人或物时,谓语动词用,复数，,此时,and,后面的名词有冠词。,The,worker and writer _(be)from Wuhan.,那个工人兼作家,The,worker and,the,writer _(be)from Beijing.,那位工人和那位作家,is,are,The League secretary and monitor _ asked to make,a speech at the meeting.A.is,B.was,C.are,D.were,3,The gift is used to have western meals.,What is it?,a knife and fork,A knife and fork_,used to have meals.,is,4,a singer and dancer,The singer and dancer _ on the stage.,is,5,晚饭后出去散步是一个好习惯。,眼见为实。,我们是否去要取决于天气的好坏。,2.,动词不定式,(,短语,),动名词,(,短语,),或从句作主语时,谓语,动词常用,单数,。例如：,Going out for a walk after supper,is,a good habit.,To see,is,to believe.,Whether well go,depends,on the weather.,(,动名词短语当主语,),Seeing,is believing.,动词不定式,(,短语,),当主语,主语从句作主语,6,Something _(has/have)gone wrong with my watch.,Anybody,who _(break/breaks)the rule,will be punished,.,3.,不定代词,somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,no one,nothing,等作主语，,谓语动词用,单数,形式,;,has,breaks,7,Two pictures _ on the wall,which attract many people.,On the wall _ two pictures,which attract many people.,Their teacher _ among the students,who is,in her thirties,.,Among the students _ their teacher,who is in her thirties.,4.,倒装句中的语法一致,are,are,stands,stands,在三十,/,四十几岁时,:,in ones thirties/forties,8,5,、由分数或百分数,+,名词作主语时，谓语动词的 形式与,of,后面的名词的数一致,即分数或百分数,+of+,不可数名词,或,单数,名词，谓语动词用,单数,分数或百分数,+of+,复数,名词，谓语动词用,复数,Ten percent of,the pupils,_ absent today.,Three-fourths of,the surface,of the earth _ sea.,are,is,9,意义一致,即主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，,因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式,上为复数，但表示单数意义，这时谓语,动词用单数形式。,10,1.,由集体名词,如,group,family,class,government,team,public,enemy,crowd,audience,club,party,crew,等作主语时,如果看成一个整体，谓语动词用,单数,形式,如果看成其中各成员，则用,复数,形式,.,His family,is,very large.,他家是一个大家庭。,His family,are,music lovers.,他的家人都是音乐爱好者。,意义一致：,11,The group _ made up of nine students.,The group_ dancing happily.,is,are,12,The team,_,some good players.(have),The team _ handsome.(be),has,are,13,Choose the correct verb form to complete the following sentences.,1.The research group,(is,are)made up of five people.,2.What,(do,does)the group want for their lunch?,3.Our family,(is,are)not poor any more.,4.He has to worry.His family,(is,are)waiting for him.,5.The class,(is,are)more than forty in number,.,is,do,is,are,is,14,6.The class,(have,has)disagreed among themselves about where they should go and have a picnic.,7.The government,(has,have)spent more than two million yuan in planting trees.,8.The city government,(has,have)different opinions about next year,s plan.,have,has,have,注意：但,集体名词为,people,police,cattle,等在任何情况下,谓语动词,都用复数形式。,9.The police_(is,are)searching for,the thief.,are,15,Neither dog _ big.(A.is B.are),Neither of them _ big.(A.is B.are),A,Neither of the rabbits _ handsome.,.,(A.is B.are),A/B,Neither rabbit _ handsome.(A.is B.are),A,A/B,2.,代词作主语,16,neither of,none of,不可数名词,+,可数名词,neither+,单数名词,谓语动词用单数或复数,How to use,none,and,neither,谓语动词用单数,谓语动词用单数,17,3.Neither of us _(was/were)ready when the party began.,4.None of them _(has/have)watched the talk show.,have/has,was/were,1.None of these people _ doctors.,A.has B.have C.are D.was,2.Neither of them _ a good singer.,A.was B.is C.were D.is used to be,C,B,18,3.,表示时间、距离、金钱等复数名词作主语，表达,一个整体概念,时,谓语动词则用单数形式,;,Two years _ passed since I left Ningbo;,One million dollars _ a great sum of money.,Every,means,_ been tried since then.,has B.have C.are D.is,2.No,news,_ good news.(is/are),3.,Maths,/,physics,_ the subject that I like most.(is/are),4.,以,-s,结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式，如,news,maths,physics,the United States,works,等作主语,谓语动词用单数形式,;,has,is,is,is,has,19,e.g.Tom is,one of,the students,who_ good at playing football.,Tom is,the,only one of,the students,who_,good at playing football.,are,is,注意,在,“,one of,+,复数名词,+,关系代词,”,的结构中，定语从句中谓语动词用,复数,形式；,但是若前有,the only,将其限定为只有一个时,谓语动词用,单数,形式,.,20,5.,the,adj.,作主语,the,adj.,表示,一类人,，谓语动词用,复数,，如,the old,the young,the rich,the poor,等,the+,adj.,表示,某个人,或,一类抽象的事物,，谓语动词用,单数,，如,the beautiful,the good,等,The old _ taken good care of in our society.,The rich _ for the decision but the poor,are,against it.,The wounded _ a young boy.,The beautiful _not always the same as the good.,are,are,was,is,21,就近原则,即谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，,取决于最靠近他的主语。,22,A or,B,Not A but,B,Either A or,B,Neither A nor,B,Not,only A but also,B,Verb,就近原则：,23,1.,我们教室里有一台电视机和,56,张桌子,.,There are,56 desks,and one television in our classroom.,There is,one television,and 56 desks in our classroom.,存在句,:There be.,结构,Here,There,+,Verb,A,and B,A,B and C,24,Not only you but also he _ wrong.(is/are),Neither you nor he _ right.(is/are),There _ two shops and a cinema beside the railway station.(is/are),Here _ a map and a handbook for you.,(is/are),is,is,are,is,_,25,1,One,or,two days _ enough to see the city,A,is B,are,C,am D,be,2,Not,the teacher,，,but,the students _ looking forward to seeing the film,A,is B,are,C,am D,be,26,3.,Not only,I,but also,Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another,A.is B.are C,am D,be,4.,Neither,my wife,nor,I myself _ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind,A,is B.are C,am D,be,5.,Either,she,or,you_ going to visit Beijing.,A.is B.are C,am D,be,27,6.,Many a,man_ the story.,A.believes,B.believe,7.More than,one man _died in the accident.,A.has B.have,8.More than,five men _died in the accident.,A.has B.have,A,A,B,28,就远原则,“,主语,+,附属结构,”,作主语，谓语与,主语,一致,29,当主语后面跟有,as well as,as much as,no less than,along with,with,like,rather than,together with,but,except,besides,including,等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的,单、复数由主语的单、复数而定。,1.,The teacher,with two students _ at the meeting.(was/were),2.,E-mail,as well as the telephones,_ an,important part in daily communication.,A.is playing B.have played C.are playing D.play,was,A,就远原则,30,A,谓语动词与第一个主语,A,保持一致,All,but,one _(be)here just now.,A library,with,five thousand books _(be)offered to the nation as a gift.,A peasant,together with,some soldiers,_(be),about to help us.,with,along with,together with,besides,but,except,including,as well as,rather than,B,were,is,is,31,1,Nobody,but,Betty and Mary _ late for class yesterday,A,was B,were,C,has been D,have been,2,A woman,with,some children _ soon,A,is coming B,are coming,C,has come D,have come,3.Everything,including,the clothes,_ stolen that evening.,A.is B.was C.are D.were,32,7,No one,except,my parents _ anything about this,。,A,know B,knows,C,is known D,are known,8,The teacher,as well as,the students _ the book already,A,has read B,have read,C,are reading D,is reading,9,All,but,one _ in the accident,A,was killed B,were killed,C,will be killed D,are killed,33,Exercises,34,1.One or two days _ enough to see the city,A.is B.are C.am D.be,2.Neither my wife nor I myself _ able to,persuade my daughter to change her mind,A.is B.are C.am D.be,3.Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired,of having one examination after another,A.is B.are C.am D.be,4.Not the teacher,but the students _,looking forward to seeing the film,A.is B.are C.am D.be,B,C,B,B,35,5.Nobody but Betty and Mary _ late for class,yesterday,A.was B.were C.has been D.have been,6.A woman with some children _ soon,A.is coming B.are coming,C.has come D.have come,7.The elderly who lost their children in the war,_ good care of in the village now.A.has been taken B.were taken C.have been taken D.will be taken,A,A,C,36,8.No one except my parents _ anything,about this.,A.know B.knows,C.is known D.are known,9.The teacher as well as the students _ the,book already,A.has read B.have read,C.are reading D.is reading,10.All but one _ in the accident,A.was killed B.were killed,C.will be killed D.are killed,B,B,A,37,11.Not only I but also Jane and Mary _,tired of having one examination after another.,A.is B.are C.am D.be,12.A library with five thousand books _ to the,nation as a gift.,A.is offered B.has offered,C.are offered D.have offered,13.When and where to build the new factory _,yet.,A.is not decided B.are not decided,C.has not decided D.have not decided,B,A,A,38,14.The number of people invited _ fifty,but a,number of them _ absent for different reasons.,A.were;was B.was;was,C.was;were D.were;were,15.E-mail,as well as telephones,_ an,important part in daily communication.,A.is playing B.have played,C.are playing D.play,16._ of the land in that district _ covered,with trees and grass.,A.Two fifth;is B.Two fifth;are,C.Two fifths;is D.Two fifths;are,C,C,A,39,17.No one but her parents _ it.A.know B.knows,C.is knowing D.are knowing18.The results of the examination _that you,have all made great _.A.show;progress B.shows;progress,C.show;progresses D.shows;progresses19.Here _ a new pair of shoes for you.A.isB areC.haveD.has,B,A,A,40,20.How _ your family?Very well,thank you.A.is B.are C.was D.were,21.It is said that the girl and her brother _ from Africa.A.has come B.comes C.come D.had come,22.The team _ so large that there are not enough gifts for all members.A.is B.are C.was D.were,23.“If anybody _ to buy the book,please put,down _ name,”said the mother to her sons.A.wants;his B.want;their C.will buy;his D.wants;their,B,C,A,A,41,