英语简单句五种基本句型市公开课金奖市赛课一等奖课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,英语简朴句,五种,基本句型,第1页,第1页,1.They work hard.,2.The desk feels hard.,3.Plants need water.,4.He gave me some seeds.,5.We should keep the plants in the shade.,第2页,第2页,1.They work hard.,主 +谓,2.The desk feels hard.,主+系+表,3.Plants need water.,主+谓+宾,第3页,第3页,4.He gave me some seeds.,主+谓+直宾+介宾,5.We should keep the plants in the shade.,主+谓+宾+宾补,第4页,第4页,英语句子基本结构能够归纳成,五种基本句型,及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。,掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构基础,。,第5页,第5页,英语五种基本句型,：,1.,+,(主谓),2.,+,(主系表),3.,+,(主谓宾),4.,+IO+D,(主谓间宾,直宾）,5.,+O,(主谓宾,宾补),第6页,第6页,基本句型 一,+（主谓）,此句型句子,谓语动词,都,能表示完整意思,。,这类动词叫做,不及物动词,，后面能够跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。,第7页,第7页,（不及物动词）,1.Time,2.The moon,3.The man,4.We all,5.Everybody,6.I,7.They,8.He,9.He,10.They,flies.,rose.,cooked.,eat,and drink.,laughed.,woke.,talked for half an hour.,walked yesterday,.,is playing.,have gone.,第8页,第8页,练习,1鸟在翱翔。,2她宝宝在哭。,3太阳正在落山。,4谁也没笑。,Birds are flying.,Her baby is crying.,The sun is setting.,No one laughed.,第9页,第9页,练习2,5你唱得很美。,6 我咳了一夜。,7 我们很少在外边吃饭。,8 昨天发生了事故。,You sing beautifully.,I coughed all night.,We seldom dine out.,The accident occurred yesterday.,第10页,第10页,惯用不及物动词（vi.),run,swim,jump,rise,laugh,fly,come,go等。,属性动词:,wash,sell,record,wear,read,write等与well,easily等副词连用，也构成主谓。,第11页,第11页,基本句型 二,+（主系表）,此句型句子谓语动词不能表示一个完整意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态表语构成复合谓语，才干表示完整意思。这类动词叫做,连系动词,。,第12页,第12页,Our school,became,larger and larger,.,city/become/beautiful,feel/happy,主语,+,系动词,+,表语,第13页,第13页,练习,1今天我感觉不太舒适。,2 他看上去很累。,3 你汤味道较好。,4 她似乎对计划不感兴趣。,I dont feel very well today.,He looks very tired.,Your soup tastes very good.,She doesnt seem very interested in the plan.,第14页,第14页,5 天越来越冷了。,6 孩子不久就睡着了。,7 他长得相称高了。,8 听到这消息她脸色变得苍白。,Its getting cold.,Soon the child fell asleep.,She went pale at the news.,He has grown quite tall.,第15页,第15页,系动词主要分三类,：,be,look,feel,smell,taste,sound,seem,appear,get,grow,become,turn,go,come,prove(turn out),stay,keep,remain,be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义,第16页,第16页,基本句型 三,+（主谓宾）,此句型句子共同特点是谓语动词都含有实义，都是主语产生动作，但,不能表示完整意思,，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作承受者，才干使意思完整。这类动词叫做,及物动词,。,第17页,第17页,（实义动词）,(宾语),1.Who,2.She,3.He,8.He,5.They,6.I,7.He,the answer?,her.,English.,cakes.,some apples.,to have a cup of tea.,Good morning,.,knows,laughs at,understands,made,ate,want,said,第18页,第18页,练习1,1过去二十年我们取得了很大成就。,2 他们不久控制了病情。,3 他们只是在建空中楼阁。,Weve achieved a lot in the past twenty years.,They soon controlled the disease.,They are just building castles in the air.,第19页,第19页,4 我十分欣赏你们表演。,5 用户要求退款。,6 这会造成错误印象。,7 我们总是互换圣诞节礼物。,I enjoyed every minute of your performance.,The customer demanded a refund.,We always exchange Christmas gifts.,That will create a wrong impression.,第20页,第20页,基本句型 四,+IO+D,(主谓间宾直宾,),此句型句子谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才干表示完整意思。这两个宾语一个是指人，另一个是指物,通常指人宾语用一个介词（to或for）来连接，当,指人宾语在指物宾语,之前时，这一介词往往被省略。,第21页,第21页,（及物）,（多指人）,（多指物）,1.She,2.She,3.He,8.He,5.I,6.I,7.I,4.He,passed,cooked,brought,bought,showed,gave,told,showed,him,her husband,you,her,him,him,me,a new dress.,a delicious meal.,a dictionary.,nothing.,my pictures.,a hand.,how to run the machine.,that the bus was late.,第22页,第22页,My friend,lent,me,this book,last week,.,owe/money/last year,buy/bicycle/next Christmas,tell/news/the day before yesterday,主语,+,及物动词,+,间接宾语,+,直接宾语,S+V+(sb)+(sth),第23页,第23页,练习,1 她给我们唱了一首英文歌曲。,2 我去给你沏点新鲜茶。,3 这会省去你诸多麻烦。,4 请帮我把今天报纸拿来。,She sang us an English song.,Ill make you some fresh tea.,That will save you a lot of trouble.,Please fetch me todays paper.,第24页,第24页,4 把车钥匙递给我。,5 把你们计划用传真发给我们。,6 你可否把书单用电子邮件发给我？,7 把那本书扔给我。,Hand me the car key.,Please fax us your plans.,Throw me that book.,Can you e-mail me the book list?,第25页,第25页,惯用带双宾语动词,第26页,第26页,常跟双宾语动词,give,offer,teach,tell,read,ask,bring,pass,lend,return,write,throw,allow,send,cost,make,buy,do,get,save,cook,sing,find等。,第27页,第27页,to,for,take,give,teach,bring,lend,mail,offer,pass,hand,sell,send,show,throw,answer,award,write,grant,permit,promise,pay,do,buy,cook,choose,fetch,get,leave,make,order,paint,play(,演奏)，,save,sing,第28页,第28页,基本句型 五,+（主谓宾宾补）,此句型句子特点是：动词即使是及物动词，但是一个宾语还不能表示完整意思，须加上一个补充成份来补足宾语才干使意思完整。,第29页,第29页,（及物）,O（宾语）,O（宾补）,1.We,2.They,3.They,4.They,5.What,6.We,7.He,8.I,the table,the,door,supper,the house,him,him,me,them,clean.,green.,dinner.,dirty.,sad?,out.,to come back.,getting on the bus,.,keep,painted,call,found,makes,saw,asked,saw,第30页,第30页,主语,+,及物动词,+,宾语,+,宾语补足语,S+V+(O)+(OC),I found him lying in bed.,hear/cry/next room,notice/thief/steal/house,feel/building/shake,see/trees/plant/mountain,第31页,第31页,I,obliged,him,to do his homework,.,he/teach/pupils/speak/English,she/advise/him/listen/every day,she/allow/me/use/dictionary,主语,+,及物动词,+,宾语,+,宾语补足语,S+V+(O)+(OC),第32页,第32页,She,thinks,it,right,for her to do so,.,consider/wrong,find/difficult,think/a good idea,主语,+,及物动词,+,宾语,+,宾语补足语,S +V+(O)+(OC),第33页,第33页,练习1,1我们把窗框漆成了黄色。,2 她把连衣裙染成淡蓝色。,3 他发觉这工作很故意思。,4 什么使你这样气愤？,We painted the window frames yellow.,She dyed her dress light blue.,He found the job quite interesting.,What made you so angry?,第34页,第34页,5 我们必须在半小时内把晚饭做好。,6 你们必须保持房间洁净。,7 我认为这没有必要。,8 不久他们就把她释放了。,We must get the supper ready in half an hour.,You must keep the room clean.,Soon they set her free.,I dont think it necessary.,第35页,第35页,惯用带复合宾语动词,think,consider,feel,find,have,see,hear,notice,get,leave,ask,tell,etc.,第36页,第36页,典型句子分析,第37页,第37页,除了基本句型成份不变外，通常是在这些成份前面或后面增长一些修饰语而加以扩大。这些修饰语能够是单词（主要是形容词、副词和数词），也能够是各种类型短语（主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语）。,第38页,第38页,We found the hall full.,我们发觉礼堂坐满了。,We found the,great,hall full,of students and teachers.,我们发觉大礼堂坐满了学生和教师。,We found the,great,hall full,of students and teachers listening to an important report.,我们发觉大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听一个主要汇报。,第39页,第39页,We found the,great,hall full,of students and teachers listening to an important report made by a comrade from the Peoples Daily on current affairs in East Europe.,我们发觉大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听人民日报一位同志作相关东欧局势主要汇报。,第40页,第40页,不同动词使用句型也不尽一样，因此在学习动词时，应掌握动词类型。,Hes getting angry.,(S V P),Youll get a surprise.,(S V O),第41页,第41页,He,got,his shoes and socks wet.,(S V O OC),He,got,himself into trouble.,(S V O OC),He,got,her a splendid present.,(S V IO DO),第42页,第42页,比 较,I found the book easily.,（S V O AD),I found the book easy.,(S V O OC),第43页,第43页,He often looks very careful.,He often looks carefully at me.,S V P,S V prep O,第44页,第44页,Even though there may be a tendency in some rare families to live extraordinarily long,the genetic influence that emerged from the studies of twins was significantly less than much of the public and many scientists think it is.,S+V+P,第45页,第45页,