对外汉语拼音教学课件(课堂PPT).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,#,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,#,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,#,拼音,Pinyin,1,汉语拼音,Chinese Pnyn,Function,:,Just like the phonetic alphabets in English,Pnyn helps us to read Chinese words.,Formation,:,Initials,声母,shng m,Finals,韵母,yn m,Tones,声调,shng dio,e.g.,你,(you),n-i-,n,好,(good,fine),h-ao-ho,2,声调,shng dio,The Chinese putonghua has four basic tones.They are shown by the tone-marks:,(the 1st tone),(the 2nd tone),(the 3rd tone),(the 4th tone).Different tones may express different meanings.,3,a,o e i u ,dn yn m,单 韵 母,：,simple finals,4,5,6,声调,shng dio,1.The tone-mark should be placed over the vowels,eg:,n,g,b,2.When a tone-mark is placed above the vowel i,the dot over it must be left out,eg:,b,w,n,ji,n,ji,3.A compound final carries two or more vowels,the tone-mark is placed over the vowel which pronounced with the mouth opening wider and louder,usually a,o,e,eg:l,i,pi,o,du,7,声调,shng dio,轻声,（the Neutral Tone),Every Chinese character in Chinese Putonghua has its specific tone.But sometimes,in a word or a sentence some syllables lose their original tones and become weak and short,therefore it is called the neutral tone.The neutral tone syllables are shown by the absence of the tone-mark,for example:,B,ba 爸爸（father,dad),mma 妈妈（mother,mum),8,声母,shng m,Consonants,21,When used as initials,the following consonants are pronounced roughly the same as they are in English.,b p m f d t n l g k h j s,9,声母,shng m,Consonants,21,When used as initials,the following consonants are pronounced quite differently from what they are in English.,q x z c zh ch sh r,10,声母,shng m,Consonants,21,声母有21个：,b p m f d t n l,玻 坡 摸 佛 的 特 讷 勒,g k h j q x,哥 科 喝 基 欺 希,zh ch sh r z c s,知 吃 诗 日 资 雌 思,11,声母,shng m,Consonants,21,在每个本音（清音、浊音）后面配上不同的元音，这样发出的响亮声音就叫做声母的读音。,b玻（bo）p坡（po）m摸（mo）f佛（fo）,d的（de）t特（特）n讷（ne）l勒（le）,g哥（ge）k科（ke）h喝（he）,j基（ji）q欺（qi）x希（xi）,zh知（zhi）ch吃（chi）sh诗（shi）r日（ri）,z资（zi）c雌（ci）s思（si）,这就是汉语的声母发音和拉丁字母（英语字母）辅音发音的重要区别。,12,声母,shng m,b,b lu,菠萝 (pineapple),b,ba,爸爸 (dad),b,不,(no),(similar with b in Brother but no buff of breath),13,声母,shng m,P,p,o b,跑步（running,run),(similar to p in port pie,But should be more articulated with more aspiration),14,声母,shng m,m,m,m,妈妈,（mum),m,i,买,（buy),（,same as m in man mug),15,声母,shng m,f,ch,f,n,吃饭 （eating),fng,风（wind),(same with f in from far),16,声母,shng m,d,d,大（big,huge）,d,di,弟弟（younger brother),(similar with d in dog dust but no puff of breath),17,声母,shng m,t,t,i y,ng,太阳（sun),t bi,特别（,very much),(similar to t in term tide top But should be more articulated with more aspiration),18,声母,shng m,n,n,n r,n,男人（male,man),n,拿（take,pick,hold),（,similar as n in no nation),19,声母,shng m,l,l,ng,龙（dragon),ku,i l,快乐,（happy),（,same as l in letter learn),20,声母,shng m,g,g,ge,哥哥,（older brother),go,高 （tall,high),(Similar with g in grill good but no puff of breath),21,声母,shng m,k,K,k,y,渴（thirsty,),可 以(can),shng,k,上 课(have class),k,o sh,考试,（exam),(similar to k in key But should be more articulated with more aspiration),22,声母,shng m,h,h shu (drink water),h,河（river),h,i,hn,海,（sea)很 （,too much),(,h sounds like“h”in the English word“her”,heart,but it must be added more friction of the breath than it is in English.,),23,声母,shng m,j,j,鸡 （chicken),ji,家（home),(j in Jeep),24,声母,shng m,q,q,七（seven),qi,n,钱（money),q,zi(wife),(ch in cheese),25,声母,shng m,x,x,西（the west),x,hun,喜欢,（like),x,u x,学 习(study),(sh in sheep),26,声母,shng m,z,z,字（characters),zu,坐（sit),(similar with ds in friends z in zero),27,声母,shng m,c,c,i,菜,（vegetable,dishes),ci,猜（guess),(similar with the ts in bits students),28,声母,shng m,s,s,四（four),s ni,n,思念（miss someone),(similar to s in student),29,声母,shng m,zh,zh,这,（this),zhn,站（stand),zh do(know),(similar with dge in judge),30,声母,shng m,ch,ch,吃（eat）,ch,ng,长（long),(similar to ch in church,but must have srong puff of breath),31,声母,shng m,sh,l,o sh,老师,（teacher),sh,十(ten),(similar to sh in shirt),32,声母,shng m,r,r,n,人（human,people),r,热,（hot),(similar to r in run),33,声母,shng m,Test:listen and choose the Initials you hear.,b p m f d t n l,g k h j q x zh,ch sh r z c s,34,o e i u ,啊 喔,呃,衣 屋 迂,dn yn m,单 韵 母,：,simple finals,35,a in Father,y,阿 姨,b b,爸 爸,m,m,妈 妈,36,o,Aw,W,我,f,佛,37,e,Uh,kui l le k,饿 快 乐 了 可,38,i,E see bee,n,m,fn 4,你 米 饭,39,u,oo in Loop book,b xn b zh,do,不 行 不 知 道,40,(First,trytopronouncei,andthenyourtonguestayshere,graduallypurseyourlips.Tryityourself),y xi y,l,s,鱼 下 雨 绿 色,41,韵母,yn m,Single finals,a,o,e,i,u,42,复韵母是指由两个或三个元音组成韵母。复韵母共13个：i ei o ou 哀 欸 熬 欧 ia ie io iou（iu）呀 耶 腰 忧 u uo ui uei（ui）蛙 窝 歪 威 e 约,43,f yn m,复 韵 母（,componund finals,）,ai ei ao ou,ia,ie ua uo e,44,f yn m,复 韵 母（,componund finals,）,ai ei ao ou,ia,ie ua uo e,45,ai,ai(asinhigh),w,i n k,i,我 爱 你 可 爱,zi bi,在 白,zi jin,再 见,46,ei,(likealongaortheeiineight),li hi,累 黑,47,ao,-ao(asinhoworout),ho mo sho lo o zo shn ho,好 猫 少 老 高 早 上 好,48,ou,(liketheowinloworboat),du u ku shu zu,都 狗 口 手 走,49,ia,ia(likeyainyard),ji,家,50,ie,-ie(likeyeinyes),bi ji r xi xi,别 节 日 谢 谢,51,ua,-ua(ufollowedbya),ku,hu,zhu,shu,夸 花 抓 刷,52,uo,-uo(asinwar),c su,du,sho u ji,厕 所 多 少 国 家,53,e,xu x xu shen xu xio d xu yu,hu,学 习 学 生 学 校 大 学 约 会,54,sn chng yn m,三 重 韵 母（,finals consisting of 3 single finals,）,uai uei(ui)iao iou(iu),55,uai,-,uai(likewiinwild),shui hui shui,帅 坏 衰,56,Uei(ui),-ui(similartoway),du b du u hu b hu shu,shu,对 不 对 贵 会 不 会 水 谁,57,iao,-iao(likeyowinyowl),jio jio bio nio lio tin xio,叫 脚 表 鸟 聊 天 小,58,iou(iu),-iu(likeyoinyoga),di,ni,li,丢 牛 六,59,汉语拼音,Chinese Pnyn,复韵母iou和uei与声母相拼，实际发音时o和e往往消失，于是就缩写为iu和ui的形式。遇到韵母是iu和ui的音节时，发音响亮的部分在后面的元音上，所以调号标在后一个元音上。如：,球：qi 声调标在u上。,归：gu 声调标在i上，省略i上的点。,标调号的口诀：,有不放过，没找o e。,iu ui标后头，单个韵母没的说。,60,b yn m,鼻 韵 母（,nasal,finals,）,61,汉语拼音,Chinese Pnyn,鼻韵母是指由一个或两个元音带上一个鼻辅音n或ng构成的。鼻韵母共16个：,n en ang eng ong,安 恩 昂 亨的韵母 轰的韵母,ian in iang ing iong,烟 因 央 英 雍,uan uen（un）uang ueng,弯 温 汪 翁,an n,冤 晕,鼻韵母uen与声母相拼，实际发音时e往往消失，于是就缩写为un。去掉e后，只剩下了元音u，所以调号只能标在u上。,62,qin b yn m,前 鼻 韵 母,(front nasal finals),an,en,in,ian uen(un),uan,an,63,an,-an(likethesoundsofJohnorangry),mn ch,fn hn y hn nn,慢 吃 饭 汉 语 很 难,64,en,-en(like“eninopen),rn zhn u rn ti u rn,人 中 国 人 泰 国 人,zn me yn zhn zhn de m,怎 么 样 真,真的吗,65,in,-in(asinbin),nn jn tin xn,您 今 天 新,66,ian,-ian(similartoyen),qin du,sho qin min tio fn din,钱 多 少 钱 面 条 饭 店,67,uan,-uan(ufollowedbyan),lun dun un mn,乱 短 关 门,68,uen(un),As when,yn kn mn chn tin,云 昆 明 春 天,69,an n,-uanun(followedbyan n,onlywithinitialsj,q,x),yun qun xun z,远 劝 选 择,70,hu b yn yn m,后 鼻 音 韵 母,(back nasal finals),an,g,en,g,in,g,on,g,ian,g,uen,g,ion,g,uan,g,71,ang,(likethesoundofunderorrang),pn mn zhn shn k rn zn,胖 忙 张 上 课 让 脏,72,eng,-eng(liketheunginlung),fn nn xu shen,风 能 学 生,73,ing,-ing(likesing),mn zi tn,名 字 听,n,jio shn me mn zi,？,你 叫 什 么 名 字？,74,ong,ong(liketheunginlungwithaslightoosound,),yn dn n zu zhn u,用 东 工 作 中 国,75,iang,(-ifollowedbyang),76,uang,-uang(likewangintwang),77,ueng,u after with eng,78,iong,(imergedwithong),79,t sh yun yn yn m,特殊 元 音 韵 母,(special finals,）,er,儿,er can not be combined with any other yunmu(finals,），,it can only be the finals by itself.It is commonly used in northern dialect.There are many words in the northern dialect pronunciation of vowels occur due to the volume of tongue action sound change,and this phenomenon is called er hua.,80,er,er in herd,81,-i(in zi ci si)-i,（,in zhi chi shi),82,Simple Vowels,a,j,ar,o l,o,g,e b,ir,d,er,2,83,i,ea,st,u m,oo,n,84,a,o,e,i,u,85,3、Initial Consonants,b(+o),b,rother b b,b,p(+o),p,ie p,p p,m(+o),m,ug m m,m,f(+o),f,ar f,f,f,86,d(+e),d,ust d,d,d,t,(+e),t,ide,t,t,t,n(+e),n,ation n,n n,l(+e),l,earn l l,l,87,g(+e),g,rill g g,g,k(+e),k,e,y,k,k k,h(+e),h,eart h,h,h,88,j(+i)j j,q(+i)q q,x(+i)x x,89,z(+-i),z,ero z,z,z,c(+-i)studen,ts,c c,c,s(+-i),s,tudents s,s s,90,zh(+-i)zh zh zh,ch(+-i)ch ch ch,sh(+-i)sh sh sh,r(+-i)r r r,91,m b l,m b l,m b l,m b l,92,Mark tones rules,(1)a,oeiu,b bo bi xi,p pu,d ni xi,(2)iu,ui,li ni ;du tu,93,(3)j,q,x,j j,q q,x x,n l,94,5、Other Vowels,ai,i mi c,i,ei bi hi fi,ao o lo bo,ou u du,t,u,95,ia y xi ji,ie y li bi,96,韵母,yn m,i,1.When i stands by itself as a syllable,it should be written as yi.,2.i should be written as y when it is placed at the beginning of a final standing by itself as a syllable,or y is added before i,eg:,ia-ya ie-ye iou-you iang-yang,97,韵母,yn m,u,1.When u stands by itself as a syllable,it should be written as wu.,2.When u combines with other finals to form syllables,it should be written as W,eg:,ua-wa uo-wo uei-wei uan-wan,i,98,The Separation Letters,Separation Letters,Vowels,Application rules,Finally form,y,i,in,ing,+y,yi,yin,ying,ia,ie,iao,i y,ya,ye,yao,e,an,+y,u,yu,yue,yuan,w,u,+w,wu,ua,uo,uai,u w,wa,wo,wai,99,ua w hu gu,uo w hu gu,e yu,n,l,100,iao y,o xio qi,o,iou y,u li,ni,(iu),uai wi hu,i shu,i,uei w,i shu,zhu,(ui),101,an,n bn l,n,en,n r,n sh,n,in y,n xn j,n,n y,n,102,ian yn lin xi,n,uan wn lu,n zun,an yu,n,uen w,n x,n zhn,(un),103,ang,ng m,ng zhng,eng dng lng c,ng,ing yng m,ng,t,ng,ong zhng h,ng,t,ng,104,iang y,ng li,ng ni,ng,uang wng hu,ng zhung,iong yng jing xi,ng,ueng wng,105,m b,p,d n l,fn hn ho ch,.,w fi chng shui,.,106,xi xi du b q,gn w d.,zi shu y bin.,zu lin x.,107,w men y q,xu hn y,.,ji yu!,108,日常用语,Daily Expressions,1.,z,o shang h,o,！,xi,w,h,o,w,n shang h,o,109,日常用语(一）,Daily Expressions,2.,du,bu q,m,i gu,n x,110,日常用语,Daily Expressions,3.,n,h,o,111,日常用语(一）,Daily Expressions,4.,xi xie,zi jin,112,日常用语,Daily Expressions,5.,w n t,w men n men,t men,113,日常用语,Daily Expressions,lo sh,xu sheng,shng k,xi k,114,tng (listen),shu (speak),d(read),xi (write)y xi,dng(wait),gn w d(read after me),115,